 Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in dentistry and more. So we are continuing our malignant lesions of oral cavity epithelial origin. So now we have varucous casinoma. So varucous casinoma we already learned the benign type that is varucous lesion or varucous vulgaris which is a benign lesion which is commonly known as Watt. So this is a Wattie variant of squamous cell casinoma. So last session we had covered squamous cell casinoma in detail. So this is a Wattie variant that is a cauliflower like varucous appearance of squamous cell casinoma is known as varucous casinoma. So let's learn the details of varucous casinoma. So this varucous casinoma which is predominantly exophytic overgrowth of well differentiated keratinized epithelium which is having minimal atypia and with locally destructive pushing margins at its interface with the connective tissue. So that is locally destructive pushing margins, destructive pushing margins at the interface with the connective tissue. Clinical features it is commonly seen in elder group with 60 to 70 years highest incidence and mainly on the buccal mucosa and gingiva are the common sites which appears as a papillary with pebble surface which is sometimes covered with a white leukoplacic film. And these lesions on the gingiva it may grow into the soft tissue and invade and destroy the underlying bone okay so it may destroy the bone also. So regional lymph nodes are enlarged and tend up which simulate metastatic tumor pain and difficulty in mastication or common complaints. So this disease has a high occurrence rate in tobacco choice. So tobacco chewing is the most common etiology in all these types of commercial casinoma and also smokers or snuffers or in patients having ill fitting dangers. So growth is usually slow and metastasis occurs late if at all is happening it occurs at very later period it may become more aggressive if it is irradiated. In histologic features it may be extremely deceptive and it is mistaken for papilloma or benign epithelial hyperplasia because of its appearance. And the epithelial proliferation with down growth of epithelium into connective tissue but usually it is without true invasion. So the well differentiated hyperplastic epithelium is organized into bulbous rite ridges which shows little mitotic activity, pleomorphism or hyperchromatism and there will be clef-like spaces which is lined by thick layer of paracarate and paracarate in plucking. So paracarate in plucking also occurs extending into the epithelium. This paracarate in plucking will be extending into the epithelium. So this clef-like spaces and paracarate in plucking these two features together constitute the hallmark of varucous casinoma. So paracarate in plucking and clef-like spaces are the hallmark of varucous casinoma. So this clef-like spaces also lined by paracarate. So basement membrane is generally intact and usually having a heavy inflammatory infiltrate into the connective tissue. So the treatment part is basically a conservative excision and the risk of ana-plastic transformation is there if it is radiated. So that is all about varucous casinoma disease. So variant of commercial casinoma which is commonly seen on Backel Mucosa and Jundreva which is a Wattie variant that is a striking feature. So varucous casinoma has two characteristic features that is paracarate in plucking and clef-like spaces which is lined by paracarate. So that is all about varucous casinoma. I will come up with a new topic in industry and more. Thank you.