 Hey guys, it is Chad here from the Electric Academy from theelectricacademy.com doing my Facebook live show I told you guys last week. I did a video on why versus Delta and Had a lot of fun with that did a lot of research and just tried to make it a quick one overview I'm gonna be working on something that's a little deeper because I had a lot of people say that they wanted to get deeper into the Theory behind that so I don't know if it's gonna be a Facebook live on that, but it will be definitely something I'm probably gonna be doing something a little more In-depth so it's probably gonna be more of a video course something along that lines If you are new to this page make sure you go up to the top of the page at the Facebook page here and give it a like and That just gets you into the queue as to knowing when I put these videos out I'm sending out a newsletter tomorrow that will let you know I've come up with a schedule for the Electric Academy I'm gonna on Mondays. I'm gonna be doing a blog post Tuesdays and taking off Wednesdays is gonna be your newsletter So I'll just kind of send out a newsletter which kind of lets you know what happened the previous week and then from there I on Thursdays will be doing this Facebook live Which I'm actually gonna be doing a little early takes I got to teach on Thursday and then Friday I do a bit of a rant and then we do the whole cycle again So make sure you join the newsletter so that you kind of get in the know But you guys aren't watching for that you are watching because I told you last week that I would be doing a little something something on Arcfault because we all have to put in our fault breakers and we know that the code whether it's the CEC Which is the Canadian electric code or the NEC which most of you guys who are watching this are watch or paying attention to? Arc faults huge and it's coming in big time now. I've got some notes on this one second Had the notes over top there now here's some notes that I have about arc fault and why it's important So the NFPA said that in 2011 there are 47,700 home fires and they all involved some type of electrical fire Those are so there was 47,700 fires that had some sort of electrical fault contributed to them These fires resulted in 418 deaths 1,570 injuries and 1.4 billion dollars in direct property damage. That's insane They also estimate that 50% of those electrical fires probably could have been prevented Had they been using AFCIs or arc fault circuit interrupters or some sort of OBC Receptical we'll talk a little bit about that So what I thought I'd do is kind of look into this whole arc fault because we've been talking a lot about it at work Because it's becoming part of the Canadian code I know it's become part of the national electrical code as well the NEC and We all know that arc fault can be an issue, but not always know what arc faults are So what I did was I whipped up a little presentation or presentation I'm just going to call that up right now. So let me share my screen with you guys and I'm going to go to see your presentation slideshow. Let's get this on the go So basically we are what are arc faults and how does an arc fault breaker work again? Just so you know, I'm not an engineer. I'm an electrician by trade. I'm a teacher as well So this is going to be just a broad overview just to give you an idea of how it works Now there's two types of arc faults that we deal with There's what's known as a series arc fault and a parallel arc fault a series arc fault is this You see it right down here if you look in the line here You'll see that there's a break in the line and there's an arc across so the current's being pushed across there Now series arc faults are not as dangerous as parallel arc faults But they can still cause issues with the insulation heating up kind of getting burnt and causing other issues They still can cause a fire But they are limited the current on the arc fault itself is limited by the load So they're not as serious as a parallel arc fault parallel arc fault now some areas that we can see series arc faults or arcs happening We've all seen this where the cord kind of gets frayed and cut up or beat up and old Then this can happen definitely So we've seen that another very common area that you see series arcs are switches So when we have our arc fault protection We need to make sure that they can recognize the difference between something like this and a switch because when you switch If we've learned anything from school when you switch There's always a bit of an arc there especially when you're dealing with inductive loads again Not going to get too much into it just trust me if you don't believe me, but a switch will always have an arc You've seen it when you've switched I'm sure some of you guys see that little spark that comes now more serious are these guys is a parallel arc faults So you can get that by having your You're plugged behind so your nightstand again pushing into that and bumping it and causing a short in there So it's basically a parallel arc fault is going to be between line and neutral or line and ground But not enough to trip the overcurrent device All right so not enough to trip your regular breaker but enough to cause if there's an open between the Hot and the ground or the hot in the neutral it can arc across and those can get pretty hot and pretty dangerous because the only That's limiting that is the resistance of the wire at that point not just the load Another instance when you got something by radiator heat kind of wrecks this sunlight will break down the insulation into integrity Oops, sorry. Let me just go forward again here now. Here's a common Well, it's not common I've seen it a couple times though is when you put an extension cord or something by a door and you close The door on it that's going to push on the insulation It's going to push on the hot and the neutral and we've seen this nails There's nothing worse than that nails or screws or a wire and I'm talking to you drywallers and also here's something that we've seen stapling When you staple too hard you bash that thing in your S ones and you put two wires under an S one or or vice versa You know you add too much or you pound it in too far You're pinching on that wire which could wreck the insulation or cause some sort of compromise in the insulation So you got to be careful for that because again these parallel parallel arc faults are Super dangerous because it might not cause enough current for the breaker itself to trip But that arc is the voltage that's present pushing it across the current across there and it can go super Super high super hot. They say that some arc faults can get up to 9 to 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit So that's where you're getting your fires from guys It's just it's very very important that we understand what the difference between a series arc fault and a parallel arc fault Parallel arc faults very dangerous series arc faults. They are dangerous, but not as dangerous as a parallel Now let's talk about how these breakers work in an ideal situation what we have here is you've got a say that's called the blue and the voltage waveform and the Yellow the current waveform. So they look pretty good. They're on top of each other This is obviously a completely resistive circuit because they're crossing the x-axis at the same time So that's what we want to see what an arc fault looks like when it's something goes into an arc fault Here's what happens as they get this is the green is definitely the current They notice that these shoulders develop these shoulders at the wave at the x-axis or the zero point And this actually the current itself is a little lower than the ideal current Which is funny enough, but the big difference is these guys you notice here. This is your voltage Waveform first off. Let's talk about it's really noisy. It's kind of a skanky waveform here You notice it's not nice and neat. It's kind of got a lot of noise on it up here It's creating an arc so that's where it jumps up and on this half cycle jumps up against these are where the arcs are occurring and Pushing the current across you at its highest where the current is at its highest You're pushing through to get to its highest is where the arc occurs So this is what's happening when we have an arc fault. So what we need to have is something that can handle that so what we have is Your arc fault circuit interrupter now the difference between them that an arc fault circuit interrupter looks exactly like a GFC I right you've got the You get the breaker and then you've got this guy that ties back to the neutral It is very very different than GFC I though a GFC I measures current going in and current going out And if there's any difference it trips a breaker depending on the sensitivity of the breaker this here This AFCI has this printed circuit board and almost some of them have a little microprocessor in it What they do is they are watching the waveforms. They're watching this They want to see your waveforms looking similar to this as soon as it sees something that looks like this It trips the breaker So that's what makes them a little more expensive and you know I'm talking about they're not cheap last day checked I think an arc fault circuit interrupter. I think and that was probably about I don't know six months ago They're luck maybe a year ago even I think it was around 65 bucks for a 15 amp arc fault breaker So that's quite expensive But if you can see why they're expensive, they've got this printed circuit board here That is monitoring the waveforms and so it's watching that so that's why we're spending all this money on it Now I'm just gonna call myself back up here. Let's get me back into the picture here into the slideshow So call me back up Here we go. So that's what's happening with that now Hey, thanks Scott. Hey Fidel So you have to watch for that guys we have to watch for that now There's things that are different that some people are complaining about especially the contractors is when we're building new houses I know that the CEC and the NEC are both saying that they have to have most receptacles Have to be AFCI protected now So what they've done is they've made a code and I could get into that some other time But you can get oh, what are they called OBC? So they're out the branch circuit protection So you can get it's like a GFC I plug But it's an arc fault plug and you can protect your circuits through that which is actually cheaper It's just that you have to have the wire from the panel to the first plug has to be mechanically protected But again, that's a whole other discussion for another time So that's basically what I wanted to cover. I know it's short and sweet, but remember when it comes to arc fault There's two types of arc faults. There are series and there are parallel It used to be that the breakers could only handle parallel arc faults now They have what's called a combination that can handle series and Parallel the series ones They also make sure that they can watch for when switches are going or when motors are running if you think about it Your vacuum cleaner's got a motor in it motors have brushes brushes cause sparking and arching, right? So they have to watch for that. So that's why these things are so freaking expensive. So again series parallel So you have a series circuit or that series circuit a series fault Which is just a break in the line and it's trying to jump across you have a parallel fault Which is going from line to neutral or line to ground which can cause Temperatures of upwards to 9 to 10,000 degrees, which is why our houses are catching fire so we got to watch for that and then we have to also watch for the fact that We have to put these things in it's a pain in the butt, but it's safe We're gonna all eventually be thankful that they're there But again, we put in an arc fault circuit interrupter or your AFCI and they're now mostly all Combination used to be the old ones could only handle a parallel arc fault now the new ones are combination Which handles series and combination or a series and parallel arc faults as well All right, that's all I got to talk to you guys about that for today Make sure if you're just checking on on the replay or you're watching live now Make sure you go back. I got a little view of what the actual waveforms look like so the breakers themselves Remember monitor the actual waveforms They are looking at the waveforms themselves and not just monitoring current because it's not the current that causes the fire If you could get an arc with a very low current, but that arc could be very very hot All right, so be careful for that. So keep up emailing me keep up Let me know what you guys want me to talk about I will let you know what next week's is going to be Friday this Friday. I'm gonna have a little mini rant going on ahead of rent last week about What to do if you got a jerk for a boss and how maybe it's not your boss Maybe it's you I got some good feedback on that and just let me know what you guys are thinking check out the Electric Academy There's some Stuff there. Do I have any recommendations for be in classes? Not at the moment Tony, but I'm gonna look into that for you I'll look into it and get back to you if you're part of the Facebook page. Make sure you join that Facebook page I'll send you a message when I look deeper into that for you Yeah, so what was I saying? Oh, yeah, so make sure you pop by the Academy page the actual site itself and Check out the Facebook page. I got a rant coming on Friday There will be a newsletter going out tomorrow if you haven't joined newsletter It's probably in your best interest you and just keep the emails coming guys I totally appreciate all the feedback you've been giving me your guys's questions are what keeps this going So I need more questions. I've got lists building. There's I've got stuff going on I've got topics coming, but I would love to Make sure that I got more topics coming and I want to make sure that I'm providing value for you guys All right, so keep the emails coming chat at the Electric Academy comm just go to the website You'll see my my face and everything's all over there. All right. Hope you have a great day Oh before I forget go to the Facebook group and my last post was what are you guys working on? I would love to see pictures of what you're working on because I know if you're anything like me You're taking pictures of this stuff. So post it there. I'd love to see what you guys are working on I had one guy who's rebuilding a synchronous motor and other guys working on a shipyard and other guys doing some heat trace So get your get your stuff out there. I'd love to see what's happening. All right Have a great day. Hope you guys are working safe. Stay safe I will see you on Friday unless you're part of the newsletter then I will talk to you tomorrow by a newsletter I'm always available on the Electric Academy Facebook page there. So Pop on by All right. Oh wait a second Pat's got a question here Pat. Do you do code update classes? I think yours to be a great class. Thanks Pat problem with that is here's the deal with my code updates I do code Except I am a Canadian so I am following the Canadian electrical code What I'm going to be doing though is I've got a couple friends who down in the States And I'm trying to line up getting myself a NEC code book because your guys's code is almost identical to ours and Just it's just a matter of which rules or what so I would definitely be doing some code stuff as far as NEC is concerned So that's coming. All right. Don't worry about it. If you're Canadian then yes I can get some stuff and whip it together for you you Americans It's coming. I promise. All right All right, that's that if you guys do you want to see some more code stuff though And that includes the NEC stuff because I can't talk about that because I can just get my hand on the copy And just dig into it give me a thumbs up and let me know because I would love to do some more stuff with the code Especially NEC. I'd like to get my fingers into that pot. All right. Thanks guys I'm gonna go because I gots to go home and pick up some Food on my way home because it's my turn to cook supper tonight. So there we go All right. Have a great day. Talk to you guys later on see you tomorrow. If not, I'll see you on Friday