 The predictability of triglyceride glucose index, TyG index, as a biomarker for identification of insulin resistance, IR, is being extensively studied in various ethnic populations. TyG index could be a beneficial tool for identification of IR and populations at high risk for developing diabetes in future. However, more studies are required to standardize optimal cutoff values in different ethnicities and populations. The present review describes existing literature and identifies merits and demerits of TyG index as a surrogate marker for IR. Keywords, triglyceride glucose index, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus. This article was authored by Vinita K. Ramdas Nayak, Prasita Sathish, Mohan T. Shenoy and others.