 Dear student, in last lecture we talk about the virtual community and now we are going to compare organic and virtual community. According to Van Deject, virtual communities are communities which are not tied to a particular place or time, but which still have common interest in socio-cultural and mental reality ranging from general to special interests or activities. So, according to Van Deject, virtual communities do not have a time and space bounding in them and they are serving common interests across the social groups in which your general interests can be, and particular interests can also be, like a community, an organization, a university alumni can be, so it can be a general community, or some interest-based communities can be, like someone on a patch has made an online community, it will also be a kind of virtual community, he listed actually four characteristics for all communities, membership, social organization, language and patterns of interaction and culture and common identity. So, according to them, your physical communities which are called organic communities and especially virtual communities, so these four characteristics will be on the basis of which we can compare physical communities as organic communities and virtual communities. If we compare organic and virtual communities based on the poor characteristics, the first characteristic which is called membership and if we look at the basis of membership composition or activity, so the physical communities, the group is a tight group, that is, there are groups based on a specific age and there can be several activities which a particular group is performing, but the virtual community has loose affiliation, that is, there can be different age groups and different social background, but the activities will be performing a special set of activities, virtual communities are actually based on interest and that interest can be of any age group and if we talk about the social organization, the organic communities are tight to place and time and the virtual communities are not tight to place and time, that is, there is no need for a community meeting as it is, as it is in physical life, in the organic community, you can provide your feedback and your expression online and the interaction between the language and the interaction between the organic communities is verbal and non-verbal and in the virtual community, it is parallel with the verbal community. Parallel language is a language of emojis, so to react to your emotions at a certain time, emojis reflect their feelings and when we talk about the culture and identity, the organic communities are homogenous in nature and they are singular, whereas the virtual communities are heterogeneous, that is, different social and cultural backgrounds can be a member of the community and different age groups can be a member of the community and you can be a member of the countries across the virtual community. So, these are the basic differences in the physical, which is called the van der Dijk organic community and in the virtual community.