 This study assesses the impact of consuming ultra-processed foods on the nutritional dietary profile in Brazil. The study used data from a 2008-2009 survey and involved 32,898 individuals aged 10 years or over. Food consumption was evaluated through two 24-hour food records, with the consumed items classified into three groups, natural or minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed. The results showed that the nutritional profile of the fraction of ultra-processed food consumption was unfavorable compared to natural or minimally processed foods, with higher energy density, overall fat content, saturated and trans-fat, free sugar, and lower levels of fiber, protein, sodium, and potassium. The study supports the recommendation of avoiding the consumption of ultra-processed foods. This article was authored by Maria Laura de Costa-Lizada, Ana Paula Bordeleta Martins, Daniela Silva Canella, and others.