 Please note that this video has sexual health content Let's look at the different parts of the male reproductive system and see how it works So let's start with the parts that we can visibly see in our body. So one of the part is this Skin pouch of skin that hangs from our lower abdomen. We call this the scrotum scrotum Like I said, it's a pouch of skin hanging from the lower bottom. So it must be Protecting something inside of it, right? What is it protecting? We'll come to that in a second But another part which we can easily see she's visible to us is the penis Now let's go to the organs or the parts that is inside our body, which we cannot see so one of the parts that you might already know about is our Urinary bladder So this is our bladder The bladder and you might know that this is where the urine gets filled up And eventually when the bladder is full the urine passes through a pipe which enters into the penis and then you urinate it Outside and this particular pipe is what we call the urethra This is the urethra and that's going to be important for us Okay, now let's come back to this scrotum. What is inside of it? Well, the scrotum protects an important organ called the testes So this is the testes You can also call it testicle And we have two of them so the pleura would be testes with an E T-S-T-E-S would be the pleura testes testes would be the singular and So what does testes do? Well the primary job of testes is to make sperm cells And that's why we call it the gonad gonads are the one that ones that create gametes So in males the gametes are called sperms. So testes the gonad which creates sperms creates sperms Now you might also remember that testes secretes a very important sex hormone called the testosterone During our puberty it is because of testosterone that we see Physical changes during puberty in males like your beard grows and your voice becomes very Your voice cracks and gets a little deeper and we also see behavioral changes like we start to get more aggressive All of that happens due to testosterone That's one of the things causes sexual maturity in males But another thing that testosterone don't testosterone does is that again? It regulates the creation of the sperms inside the testes and a curious question could be why is the scrotum hanging down? Carrying the test is almost outside of our body. Well, there is a reason for that You see it turns out that the creation of the sperms requires a little cooler temperature than our body about two degrees Celsius cooler So this requires cool temperatures all right and It's for that reason the scrotum hangs below the lower abdomen So it so the testes can be out slightly outside of our main body and because of that its temperature will be lower So the scrotum protects the testes and it also helps a regulated temperature It also helps keep it cool by hanging below the abdomen All right, once these sperms are created they move towards another organ called Another organ on top of the testes. This is called the epi Di D Musse Little hard to spell and pronounce over there But anyways once the sperm reach over there they start growing and maturing over there Just like how our bodies grow and mature the sperms also need to grow and mature It's inside this organ that they grow and mature. So let me write that over here the sperms grow and mature so mature Sperms are sitting over there Sperms sit over there Now you don't have to remember this name So I'm just gonna put a strike on this for our syllabus. We don't need to remember the name But the mature sperms are sitting over there All right. Now what happens to these firms now? Well, if the penis gets stimulated Then these firms will get propelled into a tube as we will see in a second and eventually it'll come out of the penis But if there is no stimulation for quite a while then the sperms basically get reabsorbed by the body and then the whole process continues This ensures that we don't have any old stock over here We will always have fresh new stock of mature sperms waiting to come out of the penis All right, so what's gonna happen if this penis gets stimulated? Well as the penis gets stimulated like we said the sperms are gonna get propelled from the epididymus into yet another organ a Tube-like structure called the vast difference So let me write that So it gets propelled the sperms the mature sperms goes into another tube called the vast Deference and where does the sperms go after that? Well, the vast difference takes the sperms and empties it into yet another duct as you can see over here And then finally the sperms will enter into the urethra The same pipe through which the urine moves out the same urethra and then eventually the sperms can come out of the penis Now you might have a small curious question. Why does the vast difference? Empty the sperm into this duct and then it goes into the urethra. Why not directly into the urethra? I'll answer that in a second But here's one question for us now the sperms once they exit the male body They have to survive for quite a long time in the female reproductive system They require energy because they need to move then acquire nutrition and they also need some help in moving So if the sperms directly come out most of these things cannot happen The sperms may not be able to survive So to help the sperm survive outside our body to give it nutrition to give it energy Along with the sperms some extra secretions are needed and that those secretions are done by accessory glands I'll tell the names of these glands in a second But it's these glands that secrete some fluids into this Particular duct and also into the urethra which mix with the sperm and Provides the sperm with all the nutrition and the energy and gives it motility helps in in moving And so these are what we call the sec the accessory glands which produce that secretion and finally the mixture the sperm in this Sperm and the the fluid mixture which eventually comes out of the urethra. So let's say this is that mixture This now is what we call the semen This is what we call the semen so the semen contains the sperms and It contains all the secretions plus the secretions from the accessory glands All right, let's name the glands turns out that most of the secretions of the semen is done by this particular gland Which is behind the bladder and so it's this is called the seminal vesicle Seminal vesicle and The gland below over here also helps in the secretions and this is called the prostate gland again You may have heard of this gland Prostate and now this answers why we have this tiny little duct over here So the vast difference empties the sperms into the duct these glands empty their secretions into the duct And this is where most of the semen is formed and this tiny bulb like structure is the third gland which also adds its secretion to the semen and Since it's the bulb like structure. It's connected to urethra. It's called the bulbo urethra gland But I'm not gonna write that because we again don't need to remember that It also has another important job before the semen reaches over here It sends out a secretion which is a little alkaline Which cleans up this passage if there is any urine over there because urine is acidic Right and if the semen reaches over there where the urine is present the urine the acidic urine might kill the sperms And that's bad. So it just cleans up So you first cleans it up and sends it out and then the sperm comes out of the penis And of course at this point the penis might be erect and stiff Which will help it to eject that semen out of the body with a very high speed And then the semen can enter the vagina and the sperms will start their new journey in search of an egg to fertilize Again something we'll talk about in the future videos and this particular act of Expelling the semen out from the penis is what we call ejaculation and in every ejaculation the semen might contain not thousands but Millions of sperms. That's because the conditions in the female reproductive parts are very harsh And so most of these sperms die the unhealthy ones the ones which are not fit to survive They just die out this is to ensure that only the healthiest of the healthiest of the healthiest sperm can survive and Go and fertilize with the egg and finally if you're thinking about what the sperm looks like here is Schematic of the sperm the sperm is a cell you can see the head which contains the nucleus which has the genetic material Basically is this genetic material, which is supposed to go into the egg after fertilization It has a tail which helps it swim it helps it move we can say inside the vagina and inside the uterus And and it requires energy for that and it's for that reason the body of the sperm contains mitochondria you might know mitochondria is the powerhouse So this is basically what a sperm a human sperm looks like All right, that's pretty much it. Let's quickly go ahead and summarize what we learned So the test is is the male gonad which is responsible for creating the sperms It is protected by the scrotum, which is the pouch of skin which hangs below the abdomen This also ensures the low temperature needed for the test is to create the sperms the young sperms now move to the epidermis That's where they will mature and sit for a while And then if the penis gets stimulated these sperms will get propelled into the vast difference The vast difference empties the sperms into this tiny little duct and these Accessory glands also add in their secretions basically the seminal vesicle and the prostate gland mainly And these secretions help the sperm get their nutrients get their energy and help them in motility And now this forms the semen the semen eventually comes out of the urethra from the erect penis And gets thrown out with a great speed And these sperm contains a head which has the genetic material It has a body which has the mitochondria and it has a tail which helps it move