 Sveti sem v Nord-Westernju, Maja, Lowland in spesivno v Palenke regione tako, da sem zelo v Palenke regione projekte, ali, da smo zelo svojo dva vrština v Palenke regione projekte, jedno je Steban Miron Marvan, in drugi je Flavio Silva de la Mora. Zdaj sem tukaj predstavljala, Resultati arhitekturalnih analizičnih, kaj sem odložila v centralu Maja, Lowland, v Southerma, Mexico, in v svetu Kampče. V 2014 sem odložila v Mapasite, tako sem odložila rekonaccije archeologi v Kampče v Soutesteru, ko je odložila doktor Ivan Sprach v Slovenijskih akademiju arhitektu. V svetu 1996, Ivan i svetu je odložila v svetu Kalaqmulu Biosferu Reservu, ko se vidimo v rednih. To je vse načino protektivne aree, kaj je odložila, kaj je odložila, kaj je odložila, se h Comesvogakaj ne bilo v politika, tj. Kaj je odložila v dedu Gaelskih in Kaks doresal v dotbi, mi z Almost 20ただ και kot se od lažnjenju trhnostov o ljud lepo ljudi in ljudi, Hier, daasts professionals around the areas of the biggest sites of Calakmole, compares with the other places of Ajariah in reported the presence of major and known centers with huge architectural complexes, inscriptions and monuments, whereby on theWhile it provided data in a data on their settlement pattern with respect to the environment, hierarchy and political and territorial organizations. Kako se pošli, tudi trej projekti značili na Peten Kampecjano, tako da je vzgleda projekta Ospemullo, Ušul projekta, da je vzgleda projekta Bonne, da je vzgleda projekta Ježnoka, da je vzgleda projekta Kalkari. Tukaj, Tukaj, vzgleda projekta Kalkari, značili se na postišnjanj skoro, vzgleda do stavenosti na krasnja križa maja arena. Tukaj tukaj v izgledu je značil tukaj veselek všim, da je očasna tukaj u vzgleda politično vsopo서�a i vzgledanih ještavnih istotov, se boja na zvrumbitih svetov. Tukaj vzgleda je vzgleda vzgleda Špače, tudi činesi region, reobec region in puk region. Činesi region je v zelo reobec, činesi in puk region, kaj je zelo karakterizovati v kratičnih kratičnih kratičnih kratičnih kratičnih kratičnih kratičnih kratičnih kratičnih. Zelo bomo zelo modovati srečnačna činesi region in modernija uko je somet. Začali so zelo vzelo, da je izgleda na holderične rye in vniko, da je je izgleda na srečnačnih kratičnih kratičnih kratičnih tako samo začnivati dželji začniv. Zelo izgleda imene spremno stilistice, kaj je danačne organizačne zelo in zelo reobec region in začnivati vših tlijek beac, kaj je vzeraj na vsega zelo pyramečnega struča. Pistim, ima se nekaj naši nr. steljih in monomenskih. V tom vzju environmentallyjne konvijenosti, da se izgleda vsega, kaj je kalač vsega biospere, ko je tko vzlučilo. Vzložimo, da se je zelo vsega vsega vsega vsega, če je vsega vsega vsega biospere, če je vsega vsega, čak je. Zelo je nekaj nekaj v terzoj, ali sezonalne reservoje, in aguadasne, sanke in flodobne areje in kadem sezonalne, in peranje lagonje. Zelo je federale hvaj, 186, ko vsegače penizolo v Yucatan, v zelo v esti, in sezonalno vsegače vsegače vsegače Kallak-Mulvajosve reservoje vsegače. In pa prijevac prejvaj, ki je Vivan, vznikal vznikal in 2013, Vivan in tudi tudi tudi vznikal vznikal Vznikal in 2013, vznikal in 2013, vznikal vznikal in 2013, vznikal in 2013, vznikal in 2013, as they provide us with the only available information. Chaktuni is characterized by very large and massive building and by a big hieroglyphic corpus, not common for the region. According to the analysis of the ceramic material recovered in the surface it was occupied since pre-classic time, but its apogee was in the late classic period around the 7th and 8th centuries. There is also evidence of scattered post-classic occupation. Even if Chaktuni is close to the Ryobak region it seems more aligned with the patent tradition in term of urban and architectural characteristics, as its structures are organized around several plazas surrounded by pyramids and temples, palace complexes and several structures. Two ballgame were documented along with a reservoir with a rectangular shape. For the more, it has the biggest complex of inscription known for the region, with 20 stela and 15 altars with peculiar monuments covered by stokko. Tamchen was found 6 km southeast of Chaktuni. Its name means Poso Profundo or Deep Well for the presence of 34 registered chultuns which are artificial wells to collect the rain water. So here I put for example the photo of the entrance of the mouth of a chultun with a schematic section so you can see while all the Chaktun chultunes have this form of like big bottle. Some of the chultun are 14 meters deep. Even if the chultunes are found everywhere in the Maya area their concentration in the civic ceremonial core is peculiar. It is composed of several architectural groups organized around open spaces. The more formal is the central group where the central plaza is in the highest position here. The arrangement of its buildings resemble Lagunita's urban composition. Nevertheless, no architectural elements aligning to the real back region were found. So along with Tamchen in 2014 Lagunita was found and I was called to map it. The site is located 7 km southeast from Tamchen. Almost southwest, sorry, of Tamchen. Almost 1.5 km from what it looks like perennial lagun. Maybe the same that gave the name to the site. The main objective was to map the settlement and document its main feature. Topographical measurements were made with a total station and with the use of transects with the machete in order to model the terrain. So we are in a natural reserve so we couldn't cut almost anything. It is important to mention that we are not talking of isolated sites with huge construction but that we saw several minor architectural compounds all around the settlement but it was not possible to register them because of the available time. The building of Lagunita are in a regular state of preservation and luckily not major looter trenches were reported as it happens for other petan sites. Lagunita is organized around three well-defined groups. Group A and C are on top of natural elevation which were artificially modified to give place to big open spaces while Group B is in the plane. Again, in term of urban planning it is dissimilar from the rearback sites which have smallest architectural groups, a limited number of buildings and where generally instead of pyramids fake tower complexes were built. The ceramic analysis carried out by Joseph Ball on the material collected on the surface shows that the occupation of Lagunita dates back to the middle pre-classic period but its apogee was during the late classic period when probably most of the constructed effort was carried out. This moment was followed by a demographic decline with occasional activities and an inconstant occupation in the post-classic period as we already mentioned for Chaktun and Tamchen. Group A is the main complex of Lagunita in terms of number of buildings and their architectural features. The south-east portion of Tamchen main group as its central and west plazas are similar in term of building arrangement around two open spaces and because of their architectural characteristics. The structure of the central plaza stands out for the constructed volume while the structures which define the west plazas for their distinctive architectural and decorative characteristics. Their arrangement appears as the result of an addition to a previous urban plan not only because there is a small difference in the plaza levels but also because the buildings seem to establish a new urban front. This is confirmed by the position of a gigantic serpent-mount facade. One of the main features of Lagunita that you can see here and that is this facade looking west. That was built at the center of the west side of structure A7 facing toward west outside of group A. We will see it in detail in a while. Building A6, this one along with structure A7 and A8 allows to observe some of the decorative and constructive features which characterize Lagunita's building. From the topographical information along with the architectural evidence we were able to measure and establish at least the ground floor plan of building A6. This is a massive structure which had, judging from its visible remain, a three room wide ground floor plan. Above this chamber we observe the vaulted room a couple of meters long transversal to the building main north-south axis. On top of this chamber there is still a lot of constructive material. This is why we assume that A6 was at least a three-story building. Some of the ground floor rooms are still well preserved and it was possible to make their photographic and architectural record through trilateration. In room one, the masonry this is room one. Well, you can't read it very well. The masonry and the rest of the stack which cover the wall can still be appreciated. Even more, on both side of the entrance we measure two small niches that you can see here. On the south wall a large vertical crack this one testifies the future collapse of the superior remains and as a consequence of these vaulted rooms. From room one through a narrow passageway it is possible from this door this is the passageway that you can see here in the map it is possible to enter the well preserved room two which floor was broken by looters. It has an almost square floor plan. The wood lintel between the two rooms is worth to notice. You can see it here as it is still standing beside a huge longitudinal break. According to the local workers it look like Siricote wood. Structure A8 north from the somorphic facade in this position is characterized for the many sculpted stones found in its north and west slope. Some of these look like almenas but after consulting the available almenas are the sculpted stones that generally decorate the upper part of buildings. But after consulting the available information we realize that others as this one constitute the lower decoration of check board and cross panels which are vertical plates distinctive of the decoration of buildings of the Ryobek region. Group B is location with respect to the main compound Group A is comparable with the position of Tamchen southwest group. However at Lagunita Group B has a great number of buildings. The considerable amount of constructive volume so the mounts develop mostly in length as the group was erected in the plane without the possibility of taking advantage of the topography to build higher construction. Also the form of the structure is often irregular and the orientation of the group is dissimilar from the other two of Lagunita. As mentioned before Group B looks like the result of a series of different constructive phases which contribute to give any regular shape to the plaza limit. Nonetheless it has the biggest open space of the settlement with an area of more than 5,000 square meters. Several monuments were found in the plaza. Structure B1's main stair face the southern entrance of Group A toward the large basal platform and the monumental stair that is indicated here with this arrow where the greatest number of stela of the settlement was found. I think that the dialogue which is established between groups throughout the buildings orientation can be the result of a planning project which aims to create a unification within the architectural compound. Beside the small amount of building with respect to the other groups of Lagunita in Group C is located the only pyramid of the settlement. Give the impression of a great acropolis as it is situated on a natural elevation that was modified on two consecutive plaza that you can appreciate here. Following an art south axis it resembles the arrangement of the buildings of Tamchen North plaza. Structure A2 and C3 are again here in a dialogical position as they face each other thanks to their frontal starway. On both side this gives access to a basal platform that lead on an elongated open space between the groups and the half way of this Sanken area 88 meters wide we register the even stela 9 and 10 in this position, you can see it here in the map too. Structure C1 is located on the north side of Group C and rises 13 meters on the plaza level. In its north side it is still possible to appreciate the misery which characterizes its front. In its lower section it is composed of small carved stone which ended on medial molding of well-carved slabs. A complete jar with a hole at the bottom an intentional hole or as we say an intentional killing was found in the north slope of the group at foot of C1. So after describing the urban and architectural characteristic of Lagunita and its surrounding area and in order to reflect on its location in its broader surrounding area it is important to mention that the zomorphic facade is a very distinctive architectural element which is also present in several settlement of the region. In the 80s a preliminary framework of the evolutionary sequence of Maya architecture for the peninsula of Yucatan was proposed by George Andrews and Paul Gendrop for the stylistic regions of Ryobek, Chenes and Puk. Here we can appreciate close up of the Ryobek and Chenes region and in red the area where Chaktuntam, Chen and Lagunita are located. So Lagunita is situated in the transitional area between the lowland Maya regions and the second Chenes. Both of them are characterized by the iterative presence of zomorphic or teratomorphic that means monster shape facade in their building. Generally in the Ryobek region the large zomorphic mask around doorways or its partial representation are associated with ornamental massive tower of botresses. While in the Chenes region there is no building of three-parted floor plan. This mean a central structure with two wings but without associated tower complexes. Beside distinctive traits are present all around and at site at Zibilnokak and Tabaskeño here you can see Tabaskeño they are located here in the Chenes region the temple type building was erected in the middle of an elongated construction. Lagunita zomorphic facade was previously reported by Eric Voneun in 1917 was the visited the site so we really discovered the site actually. The partial drawing of the facade along with some sketches of Tristele are conserved in the archive of the Peabody Museum of Archeology and Ethnology of Harvard University. After consulting this drawing the Austrian explorer Karl Herbert Meyer tried to reach Lagunita in several occasions but without any success. The story of the previous discovery of Lagunita is confused and quite a mystery but at least we relocated it. The subject represented in the zomorphic facade is not new. The main doorways symbolizes a gaping mouth with tits and fangs which recalls a cave entrance rim with stalactites and stalagmites. This metaphor of the cave is prevalent in Mesoamerican art from the pre-classic period. Caves are considered to be underworld, sources of water where maize was first found. The building will then represent an artificial mountain or witz in classic Maya whose animated version is a prominent and elongated upper jaw visually incorporated in a frontal and in a profile view. It has reptilian and ophidian characteristic as the entrance of the cave is the mouth of the cosmic monster of Kawak which link the super-posed level of the universe. So the facade will be a mountain monster where the door is the mouth of the cave. In the central Maya lowland the representation of the mountain monster become extraordinarily sophisticated and elaborated. In the real back and Chinese regions the entire facade is in the monster head with the door as its mouth. People entering this building appear to be walking in the gullet of the monster. Most of the stone mosaic relief of Lagunita's facade can still be appreciated. So here we can see a part of the southest facade of Lagunita. Some of the fangs are still visible and the globular eyes were luckily we still have what the lintel in here and this will be the spiralize of the monster seen in profile in this view. We completely lost the upper lintel where the frontal face of the monster would have been visible. You can see here the north wall of the facade. So we documented the facade of Lagunita thanks to the use of photogrammetry which permit the generation of a digital model using a G-soft photo scan. This was obtained with overlapping of the orthogonal and oblique pictures taken in the field. Such method allows us to register the architectural details of the serpentine mask that are still visible in situ and which are subject to an inevitable process of deterioration and loss. The digital model along with measurement and sketches realized in the field constituted the base to draw the facade and overlap it to the archaeological map. According to the classification of polygendrop the facade of Lagunita is integral as it is constituted by a frontal mask which is flanked by a cascade of profile mask that you can see here and here in low or high relief. The entire front wall of the building is the head of the Earth monster. So on both side of the door jumps open jaws seem to close around the door and give the composition and monsters appearing. Addi us into the gams a combined profile view of the eye. So here I put the facade of Ormiguero so you can have an idea on the part we have lost with the fallen of the main lintel of the door. So here we can see 10 highs of the monster with the teeth and then the door opening and here we see the globular spiralize of the profile of the monster with his halit and the suprarobital plate. Addi us into the gams a combined view a combined profile view of the eye and forehead is always present and above the front vision of the head. Thanks to the iconographic studies conducted by Paul Gendrop we can recognize the decorative elements of the esomorphic facade and identify some peculiarities. As the scales or flakes that decorate the serpentine jaws in profile that are represented by a circle with a central point. A similar motive can be observed also in the suprarobital plate. It is constituted by three aligned circle each with inside three aligned point. According to Baudet this can correspond to symbol of water drop and jade, which are characteristic of the earth monster kawak. Because generally in this part we found this cross that is called the cross of sanandrio. The same form of suprarobital plate with three circle we found upside down in the stone mosaics known as chuck mask of pork architecture. In terms of urban location if we take a look at other settlement of the ryobek and chenas area we will see that the facade with monster mask on elongated or three-parted buildings generally have their front on an inner patio while the temple building At Lagunita there are some peculiarities in terms of location of this homophic facade as it faces to world west outside of the group. The facade probably indicated the main entrance to the civic ceremonial core of the settlement. Two level open spaces you can see here one of the idea I have on basing on topography of the dimension of the first platform and this will be the second one where several monuments were documented conducted to the central stairway that ascended from the plane. Because of the vegetation it was not possible to entire follow the limits of these two platforms. Nevertheless we documented the northwest corner of the broadest one which starts on one side of the ball court. Furthermore the facade is located on an elevated position which is uncommon for the building that displayed this kind of decoration. Besides the room behind the facade is about five this room five point five meters between the interior door jams it is extremely wide to be vaulted and I am wondering if we have to think at the perishable roof covering the chamber in the first side in fact there is no sign of an inner media wall which could have defined two rooms perhaps we have to think on a free standing wall as it happens at Santa Rosa stampak where the facade is a scenario for the real building. Furthermore the cascade of masks that flank the facade are partially covered by others attached structure whose formal features resemble the ground wall of the ornamental towers that characterize the rear back region which always have rounded corners and which stand like pylons flanking the central entrance. Ormiguero building 2 is the most similar construction in terms of dimension in high and with regard to the proportion of the tower buildings if we skip the particularity that the size of the central door of Lagunita if compared to any other sites of the area as it reaches 3.25 meters. As our site doesn't have a three-party door elongate building which hosts the serpentine mouth of the facade before attempting reconstruction I consulted the available maps of the typical rear back tower complexes with only one central building flanking by towers. Actually rear back B structure 1 is similar to Lagunita S7 in terms of ground plan even if this tower complex does not have a serpent mount facade. The height of the towers of building S7 is according to Ormiguero building 2. The ground floor size depends on the mounts measured with topography on the side of the somorphic facade. So this is the proposal restored view of the facade of Lagunita It looks peculiar how structure A7 and its associated somorphic facade seem to merge different architectural features of building type association registered toward the rear back region. On a one-story building that stands on a high platform of which is not possible at the present time to determine the number of interior rooms we find the remains of probably two towers in a typical rear back tower complex at the partially covering the cascade or profile mask. So here I don't know if it is well visible in this shaded view, the facade of Lagunita will be here and you can perceive maybe this is the mount these are the mounts occupied by the fake towers and also I feel or I believe that the building A6 and A8 constitutes a kind of wings even on a different plane. All these architectural features along with the urban analysis proposed in this presentation are meant to try to position Lagunita in its broader surrounding area. While at Chaktun or Tam Chen there were no architectural or decorative evidence which could have placed them in the rear back or Chenes region Lagunita represent an exception as it combines some patent attributes already recognized for its neighboring sites with the architectural and stylistic tradition of the rear back and Chenes region. It is unlikely that an archaeological project will start at Lagunita and we can say that at least we have underlined maybe the only available basis for its comparison and contextualization as this is the first known settlement in a Eugene surveyed area for which such architectural and stylistic qualities are reported. Thank you. So can be this one and then all these buildings that belongs to the late plastic were added before establishing this urban project. But we only collected ceramita in the surface and so as we generated don't excavate them. So it's really interesting example and it's also a combination that has been amazing the work we've done to be constituted. I was wondering and maybe don't know this yet is how often are ball courts in this kind of intimate proximity to these basads because I don't remember any of them in this kind of relative location if you were playing ball game because you played ball game with that looking down on you. Yes, actually it is not common that the ball game court is outside of the group but it happens also at Chapturna and in Chapturna the ball game is here so it will be here even if there is still a part that has to be mapped in here and one of the things that we were discussing actually is that one thing that probably there will be a subway as it is reported here and one thing that probably there will be another group of the western part of the site but we were not able to find it because the vegetation is really integrate so, yes, but because having the mouse looking upwards really does seem to change what it's doing for some of those others yes, completely changes your orientation and we were not able to find anything that I was mapping that the one was surviving and they were not able but what we think is that this year they are coming for a later flight so next year we will move the field and try to survey what but even based on what you have that juxtaposition of an unusual location in the usual orientation those two things seem to be potentially interpretable together yes, for sure and also one other thing is that there is not the information that we have from the hieroglyphic analysis is that there is no mention at all of the can times even if we are really close it looks like there is a completely outland tradition that we saw in certain parts of the channel and so we are working with that yeah, but that is one of those interesting things I guess the other question I have for you and I don't want to cut off other people so you are showing that this is a hybrid architecturally that they are drawing together these different kinds of architectural elements that have usually been seen as somehow programmatically representative of an identity yes and I really like the fact that what you have does bring us there because it allows us to step back and it is best to say that Chenix is my identity to say what kind of mean is being created here that is distinctive in this region, right? is distinctive at the same time and it is like to be right, it makes connections and differences at the same time and we have a tendency to treat the sort of material sort of record as if it is parallel to the textual record there is no real reason to think that because in circle texts are about the dynasties and this architectural elaboration goes beyond that it is really about bringing people together yes and also starting to I don't know let's see what's been saying in the surrounding area but I'm really curious about it also because Chopin and Tom Chen don't add owner but a physical analysis of course your background Chen has kind of a basic architecture and Laumita will be most of the first site with the tower building later that they will be later that they have a song because hopefully someone will start the project very nice what is your perspective for the work projected here what is going to be plans what we are thinking about going to the film next year just go check the sites that can be revealed that either but Ivan just report to the sites and then explore the project it is free to do that but no one it is really difficult in terms of logistic and so on absolutely, I hope that you have multiple and overlapping layers of ignorance so I'm going to ask these follow-up questions but part of what Rosario is asking about identity and I'm wondering assuming that the law courts and activities at those law courts were being observed for some way participated by a cross-section of people potentially not just one particular status of people is that true? it's possible if it goes that way assuming that more people could be in the vicinity of the law court that could be going through the big facade of the mouth is this complicating is that potential alignment and new way of looking at this this way of laying out space is that complicating any narratives that are more popular about who is supposed to be impressed by this or who is supposed to be participating in different performances is that something that through event, because the ball games are events comes back who is supposed to be participating in and seeing this facade as part of global identity in the years? generally we think of the assistance of the ball game or entering the facade like a street actually so the facade is actually in the wide open space where people can congregate in a specific venue and see what was happening on top of the meeting but probably not in the meeting but the ball game the ball court is right there yes the ball court is right there and it is right there so the thing that happens that brings the ball court out is that they can be more visible the whole participant but it is also kind of schedule as to when this is happening in ways rather than there is just kind of happenstance people on your body going through a procession there is the ball games on top of that so it is amplifying an interaction with that visibility in ways that are more weird that could be to me if I saw a ball court if we saw a ball court suddenly in a specific place in front of these great health these great problem analysis they are intentionally ramping up the number of interactions the general populist has in other Maya sites too they are almost in the center of the court of the Switzerland Maya center of the site so it is not so like it is really reachable but here I guess it can be like establishing something new but it is fairly reminiscent of the way that the ball court at Sarah Palenke works because the main group is enclosed and the ball court is suppressed a bit and not enclosed and the adjacent is the house compound of the people who actually hosted feasting there and Julie and then excavated the feasting degree maybe not to the ball court so when you put a ball court outside it is inside those things what you do is invite people to participate in something the other thing that calls out to me here just look at that the Chakton ball court is skewed off of east west but it is not skewed randomly but that happens to be that is the approximate displacement and I am not saying it is precise orientation this is general seasonality that puts that ball court winter solstice so the other one the one that you have from La La beneath them I did not attend as carefully as I should have because I didn't look at both of them together but that is a winter solstice ball court and the other one the other one it is the same way in Asia and I am sure one visually because you can believe his stuff but he is the thing in your own where we have non-ball courts that actually look at a population in the region there is a little bit of variability between them because they are not being used as observatories they are seasonally oriented they are not observatories but that goes to June's question about the timing scheduling not that they only use the winter solstice but those are the kinds of ball courts that during winter solstice would have had highly hard seasonality and here you can think of the answers in the bubbles that is how I think of those things when they move outside in our particular complexes we can assemble around the seasonal orientations and it is quite different than the normal north, south or east which is when you get them inside of my sense they are normally basically this or basically that if this is very cool and then any questions ok thank you very much