 This study aimed to examine the relationship between electronic health record interoperability in patient safety or care quality in high-income settings, finding that EHR interoperability positively influenced medication safety, reduced patient safety events, and reduced costs. However, true measures of effect are difficult to determine due to heterogeneity in outcome measures and study quality. The authors suggest the need for common health information technology research outcome measures and future research efforts to explore both positive and negative impacts of interoperable EHR interventions, as well as patient perspectives. This article was authored by Edmund Lee, Jonathan Clark, Huthin Ashrafian, and others.