 Industry 4.0 has been established globally as the dominant paradigm for the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry. It combines research-based results with practical experience from the German industry, focusing on putting humans at the center of data-driven value creation, innovative business models, and agile forms of organization. The Internet of Things, IoT, and cyber-physical production systems have become a reality in newly built factories, while the connectivity of machinery has been significantly increased in existing factories. Trends such as industrial AI, edge computing up to the edge cloud, 5G in the factory, team robotics, autonomous intralogistic systems, and trustworthy data infrastructures must now be leveraged to strengthen resilience, sovereignty, semantic interoperability, and sustainability. This will enable the creation of digital innovation ecosystems that ensure long-term adaptability in a volatile economic and geopolitical environment.