 Because now I have the pleasure to introduce Sophie Proust, CTO of AUTHOS, and board member of the International Data Spaces Association, in a fireside chat with Petra Henrich, VP of Partners and Product at Red Hat. And they're going to discuss how to scale open source in Europe. Please, the floor is yours. Yeah, good afternoon. Thank you, AUTHOS, for introducing us. I now have pictures of, what was it, a flywheel in my brain? Various different pictures. Let's see if we can paint this a little bit together, Sophie, as we go along. The launch today, first of all, good afternoon, everyone. I assume you have been busy listening in for the entire afternoon. So I hope that you will still stay with us for another, I'd say probably 30 minutes, Sophie. Especially as we had such an important launch today of the EU's open source report, which is both warmly welcome, and also a timely reminder as to the importance of open source across Europe. And indeed the report's findings and recommendations speak volumes to our own compass and also my personal compass over the past, whatever, yeah, 20 to 30 years. So open unlocks the world's potential. And therefore I'm delighted to be joined by Sophie Proust, CTO of AUTHOS, to discuss over the next 30 minutes on the fireside chat about more aspects around open hybrid cloud, but also about open source and how we drive this jointly into the enterprises. So, but before doing so, can I first ask you, Sophie, to reflect on today's EU study results in significant contribution to European economy, e.g., 10% of open source contribution equals 0.4% GDP increase. In short, how have you seen and lived this through your career, but also through your position at AUTHOS? Absolutely. Thank you, Petra. And also, first of all, for me, I'd like to say that I'm very happy to be with you and to share this fire chat and attend this great EU open source policy submit 2021. And I think it was a great honor and chance, you know, to have this introduction from Thierry Breton, whose thought leadership and vision is always inspiring. And I want also to raise before answering to your question, Petra, the fact that this conference is really amazingly in sync, you know, with our own thinking at that moment, the role of open in the green transition, the digital sovereignty, and also the EU competitiveness, and also the idea of challenging ourselves to answer to the question of how do we create a winning open source culture in Europe is really a very good one. And so, you know, also, I want to raise the fact that our partnerships, and I'm very happy to do this talk with you on open source because our partnership are really along this line. If we look at it, we have been working together for more than 12 years. We started HPC, High Performance Computing, and it's actually why I raised this, because it really relies on open source for the operating system. You talk about Linux, communication layer, MPI, the compilers, GNU, the resource and job scheduling, SLURM, the file system, Luster, and you know, we could go on and on on this list. And what's very interesting is that the communities have always been building those software, reflecting on the best way to address scalability, resilience, and now we see that we are adding new words, green, sovereignty, and competitiveness. And so for that, I mentioned the fact that we are, and of course myself too, as a former BUL employee, BUL has been acquired by Atos in 2014. We have designed and brought to production the first petascale system in Europe for CEA. So you see, actually, open source is really part of my culture, part of Atos culture too. And I think it has been said during the previous talk, but really fundamental for R&D development. So I gave the example of HPC, but as you said, actually, it really opens all spreads across all the digital space, where Atos has technology leadership. I'm talking about cybersecurity, cloud applications, all this. So when you say our relationship really goes back a long, long, long time, Sophie, cloud was not even around at that time. You're right. And we started really from scratch. We learned the hard way together, what open source means, what open source and enterprise means, and how we keep going. But now looking at cloud, which is a massive driver for our joint relationship. And I think our technical teams and our business teams have really put their brains together over the past. It is a core to successfully help our joint customers to be successful with their transformation project, being faster in digitalization and really speeding this up. Can you tell us a bit more about the Atos offerings and why you choose an open source technology? Yes, you're right. Well, we launched at the end of last year a very great program called Atos One Cloud. It's an initiative where we want to accelerate our clients' migration to the cloud. And it, as you said, largely rely on open source-based technology. And let me give you an example of when we talk about migration to the cloud. Well, there's some steps to pass. And I want to take the example of a typical customer migrating to the cloud, which has an enterprise database. And so we've worked on those examples because we know it's not easy. And based on our BULSEQ and our hardware, we have created an offering called Bare Metal as a Service which really enables our customers to run the database services in a private data center, yet seamlessly seen as part of the cloud virtual environment. So why do I mention this? Well, because that service implementation largely relies on open source technologies. For example, state management with MongoDB, but also for orchestrating and managing the hardware assets with dynamic allocation and configuration. It relies on the Apache Airflow, but also Headad Ansible. And also for ITSM and CM integration, we are complying to a cloud-native computing foundation. So you see not only does open source accelerate our customer's migration to the cloud, but it has been an example on how our engineering teams could focus also on the business value. And for me, this is very important because the value creation is possible because we rely on established open source standards for the underlying element. And also if we push a little bit forward or if we think of what's happening those days with the COVID situation and the increased demand on sovereignty, we see really the progress to more industry-specific cloud to specialize data spaces for health, manufacturing, finance, and this will fuel the demand for more open source-based solutions. So you see, we have also what I wanted to stress around the sovereignty is that we are working a lot with some public sector organizations who really rely on this open source productivity to keep sovereignty and their collaboration in the IT landscape. So you see if I step back, for me, one of the key success factors for open source is really transparency, sovereignty, and of course the power of the community, but this is driving innovation and business value. So still there is a lot we need to do on helping the organizations to understand what does it mean and how do I really execute it, how do I take benefit of it, and how do I keep it going. So we have seen multiple examples fail on the do-it-yourself idea, which all of a sudden is very dependent on one or two individuals and when they pass on or go on an island for vacation, everything is breaking. But coming back to the three core factors you mentioned, can you talk a little bit about the economic impact as well? Yeah, because I think the figures you mentioned are very impressive and it's really complement, I think, this experience and you know, what I like is that we've talked about the past because I wanted to start, you know, from where we started with HPC, but as we are going on and progressing, we see that there are a lot of initiatives and Europe has launched, you know, this great initiative, Gaiaics, that will foster co-development in an open and secure and trusted European data space. So we are a funding member of Gaiaics, very much involved in this initiative that will sit on top of open source infrastructure solutions so that large and small players can also continue to innovate and deliver value. So I really think that the future will continue to pay the way for more open source. So I think this is a fantastic initiative and I do hope that we can really jointly all together drive this even more into all of the European countries. It's a great opportunity for individuals but also for smaller organizations as well as larger organizations to live the idea of sharing and jointly innovating and expanding footprint. But on this end, can you also elaborate and share some examples on how open source enables powerful digital innovation and sovereignty in terms of freedom of choice, vendor lock-in, anti-vendor lock-in, as in service scalability, interoperability and portability. So more or less the core of the ATOS business. Yes, and you're right, let's take example. It's always easier to lay ideas. So I've selected one which is on everyone's agenda and let's see how open source community today helps driving projects that has a significant impact on carbon footprint because you know that all the companies are going to the net zero and have a net zero strategy. So we know that today, IT is responsible for 4% of the carbon global emissions but we also know that it can help reduce 15% to 20% of the emissions of the rest of the economy. So we have talked about it but really the shift to the cloud is an important way to reduce carbon emission because of cloud efficiency. And I will just talk about the fact that we have application performance management solutions that help display dashboards and with giving visibility of the resource utilization, also the cost. And so if you take the principle that you can act on what you see, this is very valuable. And also there's a lot of, I will name, you know, everybody knows about Kubernetes which helps auto scaling and orchestrating the containers and it helps enable having the right sizing of the infrastructure. But this helps also reduce the carbon footprint. If we look, I just wanted also to mention, it's not directly linked of course to open source but cloud providers are more and more getting their electricity out of renewable energy. So wind, water, geothermal, etc. So this is very, very important. And you see actually, I'll take this example moving the cloud solution and adapt it to the smart cities initiatives. In the previous talk, there was mentioned, of course, of a smart city. It's of course a huge initiative where we rely on Internet of Things and devices that connect the various components, making the cities infrastructure and services. So smart cities use the technology, cloud IoT, to deliver actually better services to citizens, to connect with the citizens and of course to improve their lives. By creating this network of object capable of really smart interactions, we improve and we have many use cases that will detail some public transportation we can give and we know accurate traffic reports but also provide real-time energy consumption data. And you know, the use cases, it's limitless and there's a lot of, of course, applications that are coming that gather those data and give insight out of them. And so you know, I think this example is really key because the world is becoming more and more urbanized and we know that by 2050, over 60% of the world's population will be living in cities. So it's really crucial to make those cities a better place, make them also sustainable and with efficient streamlined services. And you know, I also like this example Petra because we are working together on such projects. If I name the city of Bordeaux, for example in France, we have been looking how to aggregate information from various sources, traffic, buildings, waste management, air conditioning, heating, and we have created an application for citizens that are able to look and see in real time what's going on. And of course we are running those workloads using our offer, AMOS, which is Ato's managed open shift. That would be great with you. So you know, the real idea actually by building those platforms is to enable decarbonization of the city with intelligent transportation systems but it can go up to smart agriculture, healthcare. So we collect data and that's the first step. We collect data in a standardized way. And I give also example of open source we are using, Fireware. You know, we are both part members of the Fireware Foundation. And very useful because it provides API but by which we can facilitate actually the consumption of the IoT data and we can process in a contextualized way. So you see, there's a lot to do. We have been, by the way, optimizing a lot of those solutions, for example, to reduce the latency sent in a smart mobility context. And also I want to mention, we will talk later on it, that we participate in a European project which is called the Green Move where we improve open source components and also the open-source model. So listening to you, certainly the carbon footprint and helping to reduce it is one of our great opportunities we have with open source but also when you take recent examples with better connection, with better sharing, with really taking open source principles in our daily life and we all suffer from the same effect. The pandemic we are right now in is not stopping at borders. Don't care about different governmental rules or any type of policy rules which may be different. We are a connected world and for this I truly believe that when we continue with ideas like smart cities and really expand them, it will be a better place for all of us. However, there is still this type of what does this mean? What does it really mean? So what does that mean for me as a person, as an individual, as a citizen? What is your view on that? Well, you know, what I think is very interesting in this approach is that we are building solutions out of open source components and using also standard open data models but to tailor the solutions to each needs, to each city. Each city is different. And there's many use cases you're asking what they bring to me. For example, some cities will have the ambition to create new opportunities for collective mobility which will lead to a decreased environmental impact. So those smart city solutions can bring that. For example, you can include data-driven bicycle mobility. You can also bring solutions which helps you reduce the time to find a parking slot near the shop you want to go. And you can also have incentive for example, offering the parking ticket. You can also use these to reduce the air pollution, giving real-time information to the drivers and for them to avoid specific areas or reduce the speed of the car to limit the CO2 emission. And also it's very helpful of course for all the city administrators because they have in real-time a dashboard giving them all the elements to act and find solutions for their own cities. And I'm pretty sure there are endless more ideas coming up, the more creative people we connect and the more ability we give people to just discuss with each other and one idea is topping up the other one idea. So meritocracy being very open to share ideas and collect all of them I think is a core in the future process. So one beauty of open source certainly is its flexibility and the openness. So how is ATOS supporting open source in the enterprise? How are you using open source in your own developments? So maybe what I can answer to this question first to the contribution. So you know we've said it ATOS is a Platinum member of Fireware. It contributes to the community our ATOS research and innovation is the open source owner of the Fireware IoT LoRa agent. So it manages the components and the GitHub. And also we launched we did a great announcement between IBM and ATOS in January and January. And we will create a smart waste energy monitoring and optimization solution which will leverage IBM Watson and the Red Hat OpenShift to help manufacturers and waste management companies to optimize energy consumption. So you know I think also that in this new area of data economy with a federated approach of data management we will need to make use of trustworthy ecosystem with a common governance for data space. And actually you said it that the open source community has a major role to play to provide also some software development key connectors but also it really helps for me driving consensus. So as we recognize that we need an increased sovereignty in this digital world we really think that open source enables to share and trust the technology because as you said it facilitates collaboration and consensus. So I have I could give you some example of go ahead. Yes. Just please give us some examples specifically. I'm also interested in this consideration you mentioned around ecosystem. So this is one of our core themes and representing the partner side I believe in really connecting different partner types and we see this now today all of a sudden we are connecting a global system integrator with independence of their vendors with cloud providers and all of them have to come together at a point. So this changed massively over the past. So I'm curious on your other examples and considerations. But maybe what I you know I think that open source is really a journey and the mind and yeah and I think there's maybe three angles we can take this journey. The first one and you said it sometimes we we start projects and it doesn't work but I think the great difference of the open source is that it enables you to start projects and you don't start it from scratch. You have everything here and just take AI with TensorFlow you know you just start cloud design some model together with power stack to package new administration services. So this is a great asset. The second aspect for me which is very important about open source is standardization. Source really drives consensus and so the standardization. So for example when you have to to run tests to comply to a given standard interface well this is absolutely key if you take hardware design if you want to comply to open compute or Gen Z standard same for software you know when you want to comply for example to open MPI to follow up the example. So really open source drives this standardization and the third point is that is more from a research standpoint and here we have you know the great help of the European Union which actually opens up projects for example Horizon 2020 which enable us to do some future developments. And so I think as we are moving along and as governments but also enterprises are moving into more and more open source well those assets are going to be leveraged more and more and I wanted also to take maybe the example of the software defined approach but now I think a star is okay. So a few examples on how we can contribute because I think that's also the nice thing about open source we can contribute in many ways. First of all you can integrate bricks in your own development but you can also do of course testing and then you issue bug reports. You can be part of communities. You can submit some features. You can take part of the review process. You can do consultancy. You can support customers who don't really know how to go on with open source and you can even open in a source inner source communities inside the enterprise. You see behind the firewall so that for me it's just sharing the open source spirit. So it allows us to innovate faster to collaborate in a different way to solve problems in a complete different way and hopefully faster and another aspect just throwing it in whilst Aster is pushing us a little bit around is also that open source open standards allow everyone to communicate. So it's a perfect way to also look at all the younger people who are looking for new opportunities for their future. How can they get engaged and you mentioned some of the examples. I think there was a lot happening for young people who want to get into open source into something they can learn of. So that's really great. So we have covered a lot of ground in the past 30 minutes and for those who are further interested I'm pretty sure there are some links and materials still available. Yeah. So giving me a thumbs up I hope. Yeah. So it was a huge pleasure Sophie to share the stage with you back to Aster. No. Yeah. Thank you very much guys. Thank you.