 भी तोगब से money market बाज़ा क्धउजाम ध्योग निस, निम्म।, वाईश़ दिन, बाज़ा किश्तार लिग, अख़्ाजु तो अदिस़्च्या, आज्ट्झादूग, निम्म।, तोगच्च्च्याखुजाखुच्चुचुचुचुचुचुचुचुचुचुचुच� अभर ताईम प्लक्छूएट करती जाएगी तो असे असेट्स जिनकी प्राईस कोंस्टन नहीं और वक्त के साथ साथ अन में खाते ख्वाध तब्डीलिया आती रहें या सिकन्फिकन चेंजस आरे हैं उन असेट्स को हम रिसकी असेट्स पोलते हैं लग मेंलveroब तो बहूँ सब थम जिनकी ऎसोड लफनचल शद लगने लगना,13 वाँर्रन किन थो है। आ lum �欲ग N näब पही लामना Similarly आझ करिस वाँशी ताईगों कनफफ बही है छ हुड करते चाराथा को विय कै लिसकी वाब तो नहीं। दिन लिएल लेस्ट्टट के पैसा लिएल रहां यागा करन्सीस के नदर और इंवेस्ट्टण करतें कि अप अप अप पोच्डीष बायक मिप तालते है एंवेस्ट्टचंपक अप इकुटीख बाय करते हैं, या आप कमाईटीख के रहां पर च्टीज्च में पाटिस्पे अगर अगर आप ने जिस कमपनी का स्वाई क्या वाता उस में उनको प्रोफिट्स हुए तो आपको दिविडिन्ग का कुछ हिसा मिलेगा दिविडिन्ग दिस दे रुटरन पिच दे कमपनी अनाम्सेस के जो भी स्वाग, स्वाग holders हैं यो शेर holders हैं उनको कमपनी के मुनाफे का इस प्रोपर्ष्टन से मुनाफा शीर किया जाएगा, तो that part is called the dividend income component. तो dividend income component and price change component to gather तो make up the total return which you are going to get. तो in order to understand the mathematics involved, तो there is an example, जिस में हम फोमलार दिसकास करेगे, के हम rate of return को क्या से करते है? तो basically आप जेसे में यब यह आप को बहुला, that return is a combination of two factors. One is the dividend income and the other is the change in the market price. तो इन दोनो को आप नी कनसीटर करना होता है, rate of return को क्याल्कलेट करने के लिए. तो when we look at the formula, we see that the rate of return is equivalent to the cash dividend divided by the beginning price यह initial price यह जिस प्राइस क्यो पर आपने अपने कोई भी शेर को परचेस करा था, और उस में आद करेंगी है, ending price of a share minus the beginning price divided by the beginning price के कोंपनेट को. तो जो first section है, आप को देखनी को मिल रहा है, that will take into account, जो component है, dividend income का और दूसरा जो section है, formula का plus sign के बात का हिसा, that will tell you about the changes in the market price of that particular stock or share. So these are the two heads or the two parts of the return, dividend income component and the price change component. Now in order to explain this formula, I am going to give you an example. Suppose you have bought a stock of 100 rupees and you have wasted it for a year. By the end of the year, the cash dividend you are getting on the stock of 100 rupees is 5 rupees per share. So again, it is not possible that you only buy one share. It could be multiples of 510,000, 1000, whatever. You have a lot, you can buy a share of 5,000, 10,000, 50,000 or in lakhs of rupees. But in one share, we have seen in this example that it is of 100 rupees. So the dividend announced, that is, the company profited, earned by the end of the year every 100 rupees share holder has a dividend of 5 rupees. So we did that account and after that we saw that after spending a year, the price of it is 105 rupees. So if we keep both the things in mind and account for the dividend component and the price change component then what will be the rate of return? It would be the cash dividend which is 5 rupees divided by the beginning price is 100 rupees. So 5 divided by 100 plus we have 105 minus 100 divided by 100. So it will give you a 5% dividend income component and a 5% price change component. So if we connect them, then our expected return is 10%. To explain this more there is another example. Suppose you have bought a stock of 50 rupees and you kept it with you for a year and after that the dividend given on it will be suppose 1 rupees and you are expecting that by the end of the year this 50 rupees stock will be 60 rupees. So the market price component which we will account for then it will be the increase we are expecting in the price is of rupees 10 and if we want to calculate it then the expected return will be it will be R equals to the dividend which was 1 rupees and the initial price of the stock was 50 So we are going to consider now the expected price which we are expecting after a year and the initial price which is 50 so divided by 50. So altogether we will have this 60 minus 50 whole divided by 50 will give you a 0.22 or it will give you a 22%. So the expected rate of return in this situation will turn out to be 22%. So 22% you have to consider this particular example of the expected return Now if we slightly modify the situation which we have discussed in this example and we say that you had expected that you took 50 rupees stock and after a year it will be 60 rupees. We were expecting but actually after a year finished we saw that instead of increase in the price of the stock by rupees 10 the price fell by rupees 10 that is rupees 40 instead of rupees 60 So now how we calculate the expected return which was realized so again we will put the dividend 1 rupees divided by 50 plus we will minus 50 divided by 50 and that will give you a 0.18 with a negative sign meaning that your realized return that shows minus 18% that your stock price has fallen by 18% which you had bought from you. So this is how we calculate the expected return or the realized return and the important components the formula we have are the realized price or the future price which you are thinking by the end of the year dividend income how much will happen you can calculate the expected rate of return so it is important to have an estimate of the expected rate of return before investing in a certain stock or whatever financial instrument you are trying to invest