 So this schematic shows an example of how the incoming radiative energy reaches the surface, a tree in the ground in this case, warms them up and then how conduction and convection moves those warm molecules back into the atmosphere until they get high enough where they can get whipped away by the wind. At the same time, incoming radiation also gets reflected off those trees and the trees are warm, you'll get longwave radiation being re-immited back into the atmosphere according to the Stefan-Boltzmann law. So the energy from the sun thus bounces back and forth in the atmosphere. It comes in a shortwave, some of it gets reflected back out again but some of the reflected shortwave will strike a gas molecule, a particle or a surface, get absorbed, the surface warms up, we'll get re-radiation in the longwaves, we'll get conduction, we'll get convection and the heat starts to move around in the atmosphere, eventually making its way out back into space.