 I'm excited to be here. Thank you also to the local team for stepping up. And thank you very much for trying to say this today. First, I'm going to start by telling you you're introducing this very briefly in North Korea. Some of you may have a lot more than enough to talk to somebody, some of you may even know a little. But obviously, you can agree with what we're doing about the government and the figure out the situation there. Then I want to introduce the organization I work for. And to tell you about our economic project that we've been doing for about three years now. Then I will discuss how we use the free open source software and data to be in and out of our lives. And I will now conclude by telling you a little bit about my thoughts about community, what I discovered over the last couple years and share with you. Here is where we are in the world. The red spot is North Korea. And it's attached to China. According to the U.N. report, recent reports said, quote, gravity, scale, and nature of constable atrocities committed in the country reveal a totalitarian state that does not have any power in the historical world. One thing, actually, that it is not often to be believed a journey in our newspaper articles as a communist country. That may have been true at the beginning. In 2009 they changed the constitution. Now they are just a socialist republic. But any matter, I would say, is just an animal. Essentially, they are a dictatorship. They are a monarchy because the grandson of the founder is in charge. And, of course, as you can see here, the photos of the leader and the original founder that had his son, who is now grandson of the charge of course, is a woman. They have a personality called Glorified and Deified. It's almost Deified. It's a premier, a student young man, that's had a dream. And then they did this republic and education from there. North Korea also is very nationalistic and it's a race. They use a race based on the origin and they probably had a name there. For example, a few years ago, they called President Obama a, quote, wicked black monarchy. And this was actually, this was a softer version of the Korean. Even in the Korean times, when he was in the Korean, they weren't even as strong as that. They also, other ways you can see this, the woman escapes to China and then if she is caught and sent back, to Korea, if she is pregnant and she is sent back, the authorities will typically almost always they will either force abortion on her or they will, if the baby is born, hit someone. Of course, they'll just die. But it won't happen. Why do they do this? The three main classes are loyal, vagrant and hostile. If you're in the hostile class, it means that you've already been, your family's already been relocated to far away from the capital. You get fewer resources, fewer opportunities, opportunities in education and jobs. You won't be able to join if you don't work there in the society that you are born into that class. How does the Korean maintain all this? It's true here, of course, but they have secret police they also have citizens of Florence they also have kind of the Florence of course they're public executions. One of the things in our research community we hear a lot of people who have seen these they also in order to be still here they bring the teachers will often bring the school children to public executions and which is you know very, very strong there is a system of political prison camps called the Wally Stoke but these basically political prison camps are even called concentration camps because without saying there's no new processes in Korea these places are very large this photo there's no scale here unfortunately but this is a satellite photo of one of the large camps and it's over 500 square kilometers so it's a large area thousands of people there these are not these are not real criminals these are people who have sent their police or perhaps religion or if they said anything that might have been sustained or against the Kim Jong-un and if you do something it's not just if you do something but then if you do something then you are likely to be taken with your whole family to be free from the risk of your family and then in these camps some of them you can be released you just work until we die or this is a human report and this is the network of the criminals by the way so the the latte version of my speech because just in the comments I've linked to a lot of the things I've learned too in North Korea yeah there's really not much civil society to speak about because there's no you can't have an organization everything is controlled by the government in the 90's I think we can pass over this for the second time that was a very, very brief introduction to North Korea it's really interesting that by no means to value your justice but I do recommend reading one of these books if you have time or other things like I said that you can talk about in the presentation file you can I'll have a link to that in the comments area these are true books and human rights activists have known about this situation for many years we hear bits and pieces about it in the news but for the most part the world didn't really seem to have a lot of attention to this maybe they didn't care very much but about five years ago one thing changed that it started to get more momentum going and that was the United Nations commissioned they called it North Korea and after one year they published a report in 2014 now there wasn't a whole lot of new reports in terms of what had happened they didn't break the ground per se in what North Korea and Syria just came up with what I've been talking about but now the weight of the UN was also that and so they the legal experts they they found an antidote to bring a legal case that crimes against humanity have been created sorry pursuant to the policy of the state the highest penalty of the state here's a list of some of these crimes I've greatly increased the attention of the people in government in a very pure situation and in addition to calling to the end to the uses they also called for accountability for those responsible later that year in 2014 and so people like this and friends who were originally from 500 countries who didn't want to go to the state they wanted to bring this out we were inspired by the COI report and we were trying to figure out what to do to sort of build on this and made many corrections and now how did all the group go now transitional justice what is that I was at the time I heard the term before going to conferences but I was very much beginning on myself New York administration the full range of processes with this value of time to counter-turn in order to ensure that the police or the justice achieve reconciliation so this people want to do corrections but they're running for grace and they also work together but truthfully correct the reconciliation mission partners who are perpetrators in any case contrives memorials but sort of in layman's turn how do you say if after the Civil War in the country or after the question of the regime then the question is now what do you do so there's sort of a continuum of options available that the one part we could say you know what, that's horrible but it's gone now so let's not worry about it we really need to sort of interact with another approach to be for example to say we are going to identify the person who did anything wrong in the name of the government and that both of these approaches are probably not going to work very well I think I'll just start to heal so the question is where on this continuum should the government or should this society how should it deal with that each country and I can learn from other institutions another thing I'll mention this transitional justice approach brings beyond just a normal criminal approach is that it looks not only back but it's also looking forward and it's trying to comprehensively address how to heal society and one last note it always needs to be listening to the voices and the victims and you might be asking yourself well is this meeting a transition without a reviewer and maybe in the news you've heard about the president of South Korea meeting or the president of the US meeting meeting does it mean that the transition is about to be I personally don't see it but there is not that transition either in the way that the current government works or obviously but so we believe that it's important to be ready at some point there will be a transition we need to start preparing because it could be sooner than then and so what are we doing we are engaging with over 30,000 North Koreans who have resettled inside Korea from what they think they would see as a good approach to move forward after the transition also we are focusing on strengthening the existing documentation that they've used to open the document so this brings us to our mapping project in the last few years we've been working on the factures for South Korea and what are the types of sites that we focus on first of all we primarily are interested in finding out where the victims of the government the victims of the regime where are they killed where are they buried and then where are they docked some of those questions are easier to answer for people in terms of methodology we use satellite imagery using Google Earth so our interviewer who comes from North Korea originally and then the interviewer they just looked together at Google Earth and when we asked have you ever seen a public execution and he said oh yes I did and he said oh could you show us where are those and how do you report specific requirements objectives of our project for the second time but some things for example we are interested in helping out of these efforts and I mentioned a little bit of accountability so what this means is the data we are going to keep it safe for now but then if there is some sort of a trial in the future against the leadership of North Korea then we would hear about the possibility to help them also other purposes other uses of this could be we expect in the future to be able to help the victims hopefully we can help some of these identified rare family members buried we can aid ex-expression efforts also for the more one more organization one more this work is very interdisciplinary so we actually came out with our report early in that process because we want to meet with other groups like Aaron friends and anthropologists people who have expertise in specific areas of our future work so we very much look into collaboration and looking to improve our anthropology so that brings me to the basis of our first report one year ago I did learn a couple just a handful of copies that anyone actually wants a paper copy otherwise we can download them in our website members who are here today who helped us and they gave us a lot of help maybe they didn't always realize that someone who was just emotional was a long way during the conversation it came out as I said last year we were really really grateful for the coverage that we got and this covered everything from artist technical to different terms we interviewed for this report 375 Korean defectors and I'm not going to show you in great detail but basically if I summarize it was mostly in the 40s to 70s who have arrived in South Korea in the last 15 to 20 years now that's not the exact amount of people who are in Korea but that's impossible to get but it is similar it's similar to the general population of 30,000 who have resettled in South Korea here is a table of some of the sites that we recorded during those two years just a couple highlights from this that we found we should say we have over 40 reports of burial sites and 333 reports of killing sites and of those killing sites there are a lot of good people this is a map of where those body sites where most of the burial sites were found and the shading that you see the dark of the shading means from that so in the northeast there are many more parts of our interviews came from the northeastern parts and more related that we received reports about we just so far we just have one person telling us about one site but a few people said we have more than one person telling us about a similar location and a similar story so this is an example of that in the orange box whatever that shape is that one person said somewhere in this region which is kind of a long area but somewhere in Houston I saw bodies the bodies of those public executed thrown into a pile were waste generated by a line and another person told us a specific point that happened later like a year later when we pulled it up in QJS so basically now we have two people telling us similar stories and this is important because of course it can increase the confidence that we have in this information we just received one report even if the person seems to be incredible we don't have anybody right now to go to North Korea and start digging to verify this the more confidence we have and that can become one of the most prioritized sites in the future we do have access to this is a similar map to the previous one which is about the killing sites that were reported were and here is a map of where suspected or military places that may have documents related to people who live in Korea the difference here the difference is that here we are actually revealing specific locations because we feel that probably in North Korea they are not going to probably move a police station just because we know what it is but for the previous, especially for the bear sites if we know what it is we are keeping that secret now because maybe you can know all those locations but we are not sure of this so we don't want them to know what we know because then they could just be interested we also did a survey about learning about what North Korean defectors tend to prefer in terms of detention from justice learning about their thinking just for example, real quick his exhumation of various substance-containing victims of human rights abuses is that necessary to transition and it will only launch the 8% so if there are more as I said, if you download more details I can give you a review of that yes, we I should say that I'm sorry, the first line I just didn't erase it that belongs to the latest slide but as a start-up NGO we have a tiny budget we are growing a little bit now but when we first started and my side of it was pretty much to empty budget plus a few computers but so this very much means that free software creates a beard in that sense free software really did help us it gives all the possibility to us when we got to have this very much money another thing is we value free software we have to protect some sensitive data so the North Korean hackers are good we have to be careful and but I would say when it comes to the North Korean hackers they do as I said this day when they choose to form a project they have to taste as you know but yes we definitely we rely on for encryption and secure communications for many things and we think it has less likely to have backdoors when it comes to privacy and security which is going to be better I am at control it doesn't go home nearly as much as it was in the World War I another challenge is I am alone in the organization and also in the organizations in my field I mean still I was in the organization and now I should say one person we just hired one more person in the organization but I want to come back to that because the answer to that of course it has been community and we didn't group site and building relationships that has really been wonderful but I want to come back to that let's talk a little bit about how we do the specific software the first thing that we use is QJS and but we didn't really the short answer is we didn't want to worry about vendor lock-in we didn't want to find out that one feature that we announced and it's cool, we didn't know about $100,000 or I don't know what a feature is also we really value the data formats and then the big thing about QJS you know to open up a feature it's probably a structure that allows us to quickly modify or to easily relatively modify and benefit from both the others and then if we do anything we can share with other human rights groups so we want QJS then we also we of course use the PostGIS which is an extension that goes into Postgres and it's wonderful it gives us lots of it gives us especially the extra functions so I can do a lot of my work just in a day and I want to I should mention quickly but do not forget to leave out OpenStreetMount OpenData is important for us in our work so we definitely use OpenData and that's a small part of the global industry in various in Korea there are a couple of challenges that we've come across an example that make it more difficult to adapt across a couple of things turning on creative books and this effect is also going to CJK China, Japan, Korea back in the age of two especially if you're trying to turn it on after and if you're not trying to turn it on fast we had a issue just a couple weeks ago about bold fonts bigger things are like basically online banking and financial transactions it's a long story it's a few years ago so basically if I want to do banking in Korea or buy anything online in Korea I have to install a bunch of stuff that's supposed to make it safe from each website that I do my I think now made it possible to develop our ecosystem for a good amount of time and it's only possible for one hour and then finally the hunger process hunger is the Korean Alphabet Korean life system this is Korean the frustrating part is that it's closed for a long time but the government encourages or forces you to use this and so whether it's because you've got websites you want to download forms or whether you need the university to do all of this so almost every Korean is forced to use this so this brings me to the last part of the talk a little bit more about community and what it's meant for me and especially sharing values so as I mentioned recently I have a loner as a person in my organization and also in the field around me so finding a community it's been really wonderful it's been a huge game but also the other thing whether it's the local group in Korea or the cross-country events that I attended in Korea and also last year I got to go to the national everybody really loved me all of you this has really helped me do my job but but reflecting more about the people that I've met over the last couple of years I realized more and more that we have a lot of shared values many of the things that motivate me as a human rights activist but the same things motivate you as in a free software movement so we both at the university and working with people from other countries and others collaboration with the Korean guys very always looking at people so you and me pay close attention to licenses that protect the user of your software more than it protects yourself likewise we pay close attention to make sure that when interviewing is given consent to the interview it's important to consent we understand that it is the data that we use in the future that's very important to us and if they still don't know or at some point so it's about the structure of individuals whether it's software users or victims and it's not a failure it's about not forcing students or your real owners also for you maybe if you sell a device to a customer you don't then turn around and say you're not allowed to execute we don't advocate for solutions or public policy changes without first understanding what it is to the victims so you see software developed as tools to help people create and play and solve real problems and we see industrial justice as a set of tools to help a society an individual to clean a society to heal people with deep wounds so the topic of North Korea offers us theories about where our shared values or where we ask our values stand maybe dare I say we're not on a roll we both strongly value rights to intermission and expression we actually all want to see internet access for everyone people's wealth created are not having enough so I value it to fight together for both ways rights to enjoy these freedoms and to access the internet that everyone wants to build as a part of that happening sooner or later we won't know the real process of making North Korea let me see that KVD starts to get co-construction from North Korea I would like to I'd like to say thank you both as members of KVD and both as members of KVD for making tools that enable human rights civilizations and powers specifically in our case to prepare for a successful transition and make sure there's a process for North Korea and I wish to announce the best of success and I look forward to participating in the meeting questions how can you access North Korea outside is the North Korea backbone as open on both sides you're talking about the internet yes there are a couple of connections that go into the country from time it's been a while since I've looked into this but I've been seeing a lot I think I forget which website it was for a different organization I remember seeing in the access laws somebody coming from coming out and I think there are a lot of other settings I was guessing maybe from the Russian industry but I think those connections the key point is that only the North Korea is only with the internet access to it and then there is actually for forms of Korea you can pay but that's not completely acceptable they don't understand from what Korea is so they have an access indirectly to the internet so there is a bit of access but with North Korea there is a matter but it's run like a huge run there's no DNS if you get the presentation file in the comments there's a website called he addresses a lot of issues I recommend checking it out but yeah technically they do have some internet access but it's not why so the key point is that the last couple of times the last session about how the internet works in North Korea how they are how they are going to get the internet and the internet and therefore really good costs and I think they are important so yeah our data is in no way so we can all talk about conclusions about North Korea but why is it that they mostly come from the North East let's go back to the math here so that comments in the North East is all along the top but as you get further to the west the river gets a lot wider but as you go to the North East the river gets smaller and smaller and so to the point over there at the beginning it's really tiny so it's much easier to cross there there are bars along the river and both sides especially in North Korea it's easy to keep people in but basically if you're going to successfully cross it's much easier to do so in the North East another reason is that as I mentioned the further you are from Pyongyang which is Pyongyang where the six is the further you get away from there the more you're judged to be hostile your family is put there so certainly there are these people have less opportunities all day so they have more reasons to want to leave than the people who are closer but also the important thing is the reason that the most important reason is that we need to most likely reserve an accident because that's where the people who have escaped and then escaping to China it's stupid one more question but then we'll give one after and then we'll catch up with the set a little bit I have no question I just want to say something I want to say thank you for the software developers for able to work and I just want to say thank you that's such wonderful that I'm managing all that you use these tools to make the world better thank you very very much thank you