 More than a billion people, one-sixth of the world's population, mostly in developing countries, are infected with one or more of the neglected tropical diseases, NTDs. Several national and international programs, the World Health Organization's global NTD programs, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's global NTD program, the United States Global Health Initiative, the United States Agency for International Development's NTD program, and others, are focusing on NTDs and fighting to control or eliminate them. This review identifies the risk factors of major NTDs, and describes the global burden of the diseases in terms of disability-adjusted life years, dailies. This article was authored by Amal K. Mitra and Anthony R. Mawson.