 The study found that selectively increasing the excitability of molecular layer interneurons in the mouse cerebellar vermis impaired social recognition memory without affecting sociability, anxiety levels, motor coordination, or object recognition. Octogenetic interference during distinct phases of a social recognition test revealed the cerebellar engagement in retrieval but not encoding of social information. Cephas mapping showed that cerebellar manipulation decreased brain-wide inter-regional correlations and altered network structure from medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus-centered to amygdala-centered modules. Anatomical tracing demonstrated hierarchical projections from the central cerebellum to the social brain network integrating amygdala connections, suggesting that the cerebellum organizes the neural matrix necessary for social recognition memory. This article was authored by Owen Y. Chow, Solil Saur of Patak, Hao Zhong, and others.