 Okay, let's start. Hai. Saya Kathleen. Just a bit of intro. I founded a small library in Turkey Space since 2008. For a living, I also work as a researcher in Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in Singapore since 2013. My recent papers are on digital payments, digitalization in libraries and archives e-commerce in Indonesia. I also wrote on youth under-employment, precarity in creative economy, suppression of 1965 and 1966 mass killings in Indonesia. And I'm self-taught in web design and development, so I'm a bit I'm a tourist in this so maybe it's a bit related to what we had discussion recently. Oh, yeah, I'm a bit of everywhere. Just a bit of overview of Indonesia. How many of you have ever been to Indonesia? Okay. So, well, very big, the biggest archipelago in the world, technically. We have recognized 13,000 islands about almost 1,000 inhabited. And this is a hit map of the recent election in 2014. And you can see how the level of inequality of infrastructure in Indonesia. So, the hit map is all concentrated in Java Island. And if you zoom in the hit map, you will see it's very focused on Jakarta. As you hear in a number of presentations Jakarta make up a lot of tweets in the world. But even if you move to East Java where I'm based, it's not really much. So, this is just give you some idea about how unequal Indonesia is. And this is internet penetration scale in some countries in Southeast Asia. You can see Indonesia doesn't make much scale in the past 15 years where as you see Singapore, this is quite an anomaly in Southeast Asia. And if you look at the number of subscription of users, you will see that the number of phone subscription but the number of mobile have increased exponentially. And the number of fixed broadband if you zoom in, actually has decline. They have never exceeded more than 2% actually. So, if you hear about startups in Indonesia they will be likely very concentrated in Jakarta, Bandung, and Bali. Oh, ya. And number of internet user penetration by region. So, again, we have 27 province 500 municipalities and you can see it's very unevenly distributed. So, I'm making a case of libraries in Indonesia. I think in my abstract, I spoke about libraries and design, but I think in the interest of time, I'll just compress it to only libraries. This is the mapping of libraries in Indonesia available from the recent mapping project by the national library. Again, you will see the discrepancies and well, it's not really that accurate. I mean, if you zoom in you will see some libraries that are not really libraries. And the issue is of course, data collection in Indonesia is very, very difficult. This is just from one source. The national library themselves. You will see October and December 2015, they are only 25. And then suddenly in July 2016 it's jam up. What happened, right? And if you look at it you will see that the highest number is in school libraries. So, the average public libraries is only 1,500 2,500 and well, if you look again into the publications, the number again give you very, very funny numbers. But the weird thing is of course, the number of certified librarians are only 2,500 to 3,500. So, where are the workforce, right? Again, why the difficulties in getting accurate data. Of course, data is not accurate, but there is also issue of loose categories. This can be listed as a library under government procurement. Because when you have to spend your budget. And we also have lots of... This is the photocopier near my university. There are lots of photocopiers near universities and schools in Indonesia. We photocopy like crazy. Or cheaply, because the required textbooks are way beyond our budget. And of course, there are lots of independent initiatives opening up libraries. So, here and there it's kind of like almost a favorite among NGOs and funders to open up libraries. Because it looks good. It's almost apolitical. It's almost doesn't have any political impact. It's making people smart, right? But the issue is maintenance. There's just lack of evaluation after how in the sustainability. So, there's a high rate of failure. In terms of government institutions this is from Ismail Fami. He's one of consultant of National Library recently recruited. Talking about just the institutions, the former institutions library. So, there are various of them. And they are unintegrated in terms of SEO. It's also quite bad. So, it's very difficult for you to just detect them from Google. Definitely not going to turn out. So, he's designing this tools called OneSearch. It's relying on initiatives, protocol for metadata harvesting. So, for all, we have lots of libraries using different they have different technologies. The OneSearch will detect them. And you can find them in here. Sorry. So, OneSearch, the idea I'm not advertising, but I'm just showing. So, the interesting bit is yeah, so it's it's also quite easy for libraries in Asia to register for them. And this is how the way to do it. And because lots of libraries in Indonesia do not have internet connectivity. If you are offline, you can also upload it and send it to the Indonesia OneSearch. So, that's one good initiative. But the caveat is you have to be legally registered. Whereas, again, if you look to the previous slide, the legal definition is very slippery here. There's this so, if this is a library, but this is an independent initiative, not legally registered. But, again, so you have that sort of ethical questionings in here. And I don't know where you have heard about this, but last year we had quite a bit of red scare. And also, Indonesia in 65-66 had quite brutal killings. More, at least 500,000 people killed in communist murder, masakar. It's a subject of a famous documentary, The Egg of Killing. So, last year the government for the first time initiated this symposium supported by the government to talk about the issues of 65. But there were lots of forces on the ground, various forces. I mean, you can't even point fingers, because the blood splatter all over many hands. You have military police tax coming in and taking up the books. And this is a photo of my friend in publishing who suddenly had his books were retoured from the bookshops, because bookshops are afraid of having the military coming in and checking up which had happened. So, again, that issue again. What is the consequences of making things open and visible? And how do we protect them? And this is scenario interesting initiative, open source initiative library management system, open source library management system, which I also use in our library. It's quite interesting because you don't really find many library management, open source library management systems in the world. The famous one is COHA but slings is interesting because it caters to a number of languages as well. So, there are a number of contributors which I think this issue is rather neglected in the English speaking open source library management systems. There are quite a number of of course bugs and blah blah, but and they are still although they have lots of contributors they and this software is also deployed by, used by so many libraries in Indonesia and I think also in Brazil some and if you see the languages then you can get the idea where they have been used. But yeah, it seems like it's a pity that not many people know it because it's quite user friendly and they are like this, this November will be their their 10th anniversary. Anyway, it's it's not, it's been used in library government department. Sometimes people even get enterprising ideas and package it and try to sell it as funders and then the slim developers get angry because you know these are not something that you are supposed to sell, you can download blah blah so it's quite dynamic thing happening and it's been deployed as well as Indonesian Visual Archive so yeah it connects various disciplines I can say but the issue is again it still requires some sort of technical knowledge so this is an example of Indonesian Street Art Database initially they tried using it but maybe because Indonesia has a lot maybe because we have lots of pirated software so there are lots of people using photoshop freely and happily and that sort of makes people get very distracted towards that and you don't get much visibility in this more less graphic software so I mean this is just very anecdotal but I feel that I find more people more in using photoshop illustrator than say in word processor even again now because they can't use it and now they started using instagram which is in a way well it's quite interesting analogy between street art and of course instagram social media so that's Slim's next release version 9 schedule this November anniversary of their first release but of course the issue again we come packing into the macro issues if we don't know if it's not usable if we don't know the cultural context social political context then it's very difficult so for example lots of libraries in Indonesia in remote areas they are most library workers in Indonesia are women and yet information technology so that couple that with the fact that we are almost 90% Muslim so that also makes things very difficult when lots of tech communities work late till night whereas with a lot of Muslim women the norms are kind of prohibitive to do that so I'm not stereotyping of course but there are that sort of norms that happen in society so the infrastructure of that and the policy taxation law oh ya, regarding taxation the issue with Indonesian book so if you look into Indonesian book production it's very very low regionally compared even to Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines because well various factors of course the infrastructure issues, logistics come into play but that's also this taxation issue which we have for long try to argue for but never really make it to government but the tax for books you are tax quite highly I forgot how many percent but and you have to apply for each book except if your book is textbook or really just textbooks so you can imagine the frustration so that's my presentation thank you so much I'm happy to answer questions and of course ya whatever how much about open source the thing is I haven't done research on how many people have known about open source but in terms of people if we just related to the people graduating from engineering for example that's ya very small so ya so so that's one limitation to it but so most ya sorry I don't know the number for that one ya but if we just take the example of Slim's community the catalogs themselves if you just see the ones that are registered that they managed to find that's already about 3,000 catalogs being used in Indonesia so that's not a really bad number considering that they are also doing this ya without without any funding ya ya ya oh my library because it's a small library the members are only about 1,400 ish in terms of demography mostly are working people 18 to 35 but at the same time that's the biggest bulge but you also see the members who come by and read because we also run a number of events like the book discussion film discussions ya in Singapore there are lots of libraries very good libraries and very thankful for it but in Indonesia again the issues access of information is actually quite difficult I know we say that there's Google now but for information in your own language that's another issue entirely and also because books in Indonesia disappear quite quickly from bookshelves because not because because production is low we normally produce less than 1,000 books per publisher for title and if they don't sell well in bookstores by 3 months they are usually get ousted so getting books that you require and they were popular just 3 years ago so that can be difficult so that makes that's a demand for it the public libraries in Indonesia again hard to hear ya there's subscription fee we make it low 50,000 rupiah a year so that's about 5 dollars a year but the system is a bit like book rental rather than really free in Singapore we have sunny bookshop i think so basically you pay pay per use if you borrow a book you pay 6,000 rupiah which is about 60 cent and that's for 2 weeks so ya that's how we try to kind of compensate for it it's not enough we also do a number of that's why we also do co-working but ya oh well but i guess you have to sort of that's a risk that comes with opening your material to public and that's why we are also considering of developing the digitizing digitizing our collections but ya we are still of course there are lots of great areas like copyright so ya we have to be a bit careful with that we have digital colleges where people could afford camera and a PC to be able to build a field studio and then make a production and sell it and well the quality of the result is questionable but local people really fall in love with that title to make its unit and there is economy to build by itself so i could imagine something like this happening in the books as well but i'm not sure how well actually books are produced whether it's a digital process or not so shouldn't it be possible well given it's popular medium enough so people get hooked up it should be possible to produce them digitally but don't bring them so don't get approval then get some kind of really really cheap chinese ebook that's been distributed for the subscription which could form the same market i mean really really i don't know but if it sounds like something that should be possible so new technology there are a number of some initiatives like that are developing not only in Indonesia i think i also see it in Singapore and i think in various countries but ya we just haven't seen them scale up that big and i think we are just experimenting which format and also because of course the issue is if we develop another app again why would we have to ask why should they download and blah blah blah so ya ya it's something that is definitely i keep at the back of my mind that's great thank you follow the train of thought translation program in place automated or by humans mostly still by humans i don't know whether we have tap into sort of what google is developing but only recently i think Indonesian government really allocated resources for translation for example compared to South America which for a long time has dedicated a lot of resources in translating their word and that's why we know a lot about South American literature for example Indonesia i mean the issue is if crew measurement is we don't have any Indonesian author in novelist or except for perhaps recently for nowan but ya so only recently that we have this more proactive proactive i don't know by government and even corporation too to see that yes we need to translate this and allocate more serious resources but ya only in the past probably 5 years education thing counter culture feels like you are informational terrorist something just about knowledge it is well the thing is i don't know Indonesia is quite unique in the sense that we did have that the ban on for example marxism and communism thing is still legally enforced for example but and of course the mass killings is i think is the scale that is quite difficult to match in the world so that it is quite unique in that sense but i don't know whether this sort of situation will just be limited to Indonesia we mean we know of course the state of the internet these days and we also know about what happened in the US so and the level of the thing we were debating about what stopping design or technology from being applied in my experience i have the advantage of being able to kind of thought myself in design and web development but and having that amateurism knowledge about how to speak on both sides give a great advantage but if again if i try to speak to just even my friends in design and technology it really requires a lot of communication and and i personally think that's why we have to put more work with different disciplines as well and different areas definitely thank you