 This study examined the weather conditions necessary for peatland fires to occur in Indonesian Papua. It found that strong wind speeds of 35.7 km per hour, combined with a temperature increase rate of 2.3 °C per hour, a relative humidity decrease rate of minus 10.3% and a wind speed increase rate of 5.2 km per hour per hour, are all necessary for peatland fires to become active. These findings can be used to predict when and where fires might occur in the future as global temperatures continue to rise. This article was authored by Nina Yulianti and Hiroshi Hayasaka.