 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education. I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, SS Khanna Girls degree college, University of Allahabad and it is my email ID. Okay, and we are nowadays we are talking about various educational thinkers in which today I am going to discuss educational philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi and you can say Gandhi G's views on education. Okay, and the lecture will be in bilingual mode. You can get the matter in English and it's you can say explanation in Hindi. Okay, and it is very useful for various examinations as well as for your general knowledge you can say. Okay, sorry. So, we have to read Gandhi G's. What did Mahatma Gandhi say on education? Look, when we don't read Mahatma Gandhi in the form of a teacher, then Mahatma Gandhi generally gave us freedom and he reminds us of this. He has said something on education, generally we don't get educated until we are doing B.A.J. We don't have to read education in the form of a teacher. Okay, and we have read education in the form of a teacher. We are students of education. We are going to read it. So, we have to know that Mahatma Gandhi, who had such a great thought, what was his view on education? What did he think of education? What should be done? What should be done in education? According to him, what was his view on education? If we go to his view on education, we will get that his philosophy of education is a harmonious blending of idealism, naturalism, and pragmatism. So, Gandhi's education is a harmonious blending of idealism, pragmatism, and pragmatism. So, you should have basic knowledge of idealism, naturalism, and pragmatism. And idealism is his base, Gandhi's philosophy. But naturalism and pragmatism help us to bring their philosophy into practice. Therefore, he is known as practical idealist. From the philosophical point of view, let's see how Gandhi can give us an example. Okay, and what was his notion? His notion was education for life, education through life, and education throughout life. That is, education for life, education through life, education throughout life, and education throughout life throughout life throughout life. His philosophy of life has four elements. And if you read his life direction, now people know about Gandhi, know about his life, then you will get non-violence, fearlessness, and satyagra. These four main elements are in his philosophy. That is, non-violence, fearlessness, and satyagra. Okay? Okay. Gandhi ji's basic education. Now, we will move on to Gandhi ji's philosophy of de-education. He is known as basic education. So, Gandhi ji's basic education was the practical embodiment of his philosophy of education. That is, his scientific vision, his philosophy of education, was also a practical embodiment of basic education. His basic education takes up the challenging task of preparing young learners. That is, the young learner, the basic education of the youth, accepts this challenge that we have to make the young learner what we have to make? Morally sound. That is, he has to grow in a individual independent. He is socially constructive. That is, he is a social group, he is a social group. He can give something to the society, he is economically productive. He is helpful in production in a more meaningful form and responsible future citizens. And he is a responsible citizen of the future. I mean, look, nothing has been left. Morally sound, individually independent, socially constructive, economically productive, responsible future citizens, which can prove helpful in solving the problem of unemployment. That means, who will help in solving the problem of unemployment by making youth self-employed by giving them skill trading. That is, if you give them caution, they will be able to get a lift in employment. Who are you? Okay, now I have told you, you should pay attention to this, that Gandhi ji is saying this, Gandhi ji is saying this, the country is immediately free from poverty and we have to be free from that poverty. The unemployment is at its peak, please bring it now, the unemployment is at its peak. On the other hand, the education system, the Macaulay minute, which is very strong in English, everyone has written the education of their country, which has completely ruined the education system. So, to get rid of all that, Gandhi ji is actually giving his vision and is telling us his views. Yeah, okay. In his work on the educational philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi, MS Patel aptly summarizes Gandhi ji's philosophy of education in these words. So, Gandhi ji's philosophy, if you want to know the words of MS Patel, he says, the object of realizing his ideal of a spiritual society as a stepping stone, the realization on God or growth, Gandhi ji evolved an educational system as a dynamic side of his philosophy. There is a unity running through his concrete schemes and plans, making them a complete system of philosophy. I mean, Gandhi ji's educational philosophy by MS Patel, you quote and say that the objective of realizing his ideal of a spiritual society basically was a spiritual being. Basically, he was an idealist. Basically, his objective was to attain a spiritual society. Gandhi ji's whole educational system is the dynamic side of his philosophy. You must have read that education is the dynamic side of philosophy. A very famous quote is, There is a unity running through his concrete schemes. So, all the schemes and schemes that we are talking about, there is a unity running through the whole scheme and planning. Making them a complete system of philosophy which makes them a complete system of philosophy. I mean, his educational philosophy is mainly the dynamic side of his spiritual being. Okay. Before we begin to understand Gandhi ji's views on education, it is necessary to know the background of the educational system which was introduced during the British rule. That is to say, during the British rule, the education system was there, we should understand its background. Gandhi ji wants that all the bad things that have come to pass, how can we get them away from them? So, what did he do with the British rule? The system divorced the child from a social surrounding. First, he cut the child's education from the social roots. He created new caste, new caste, caste, religion and all these things. He laid emphasis on literacy education. I mean, at that time, it was said that if you are a teacher, you are a teacher. Gandhi ji has clearly said that being a teacher is not being a teacher. And there was a neglect of mass education. And at that time, what happened was, the teacher of birth was completely rejected. So, when Mahatma Gandhi gives her education, when she talks about education, then she talks about all these things from a distance. So, Gandhi ji says that this is a very famous quote. You must have read it. You must know. You must remember that Gandhi ji explained to himself how he defined the education. By education, I mean an all-round drawing out of the best in child's and man's body, mind and spirit. I mean, Gandhi ji is saying that the meaning of education is that a child's all-round drawing out of the best. I mean, whatever is not in it, the best of all that can come out of it. From where? That the best part of the body, heart and soul is the best part. That should come out of education. And what are they saying? And they are saying that literacy is neither the beginning nor the end of education. They are saying that what has to happen or what has to happen, is neither the beginning of education nor the end of education. In fact, what is this? This is only a means through which men and women can be educated. They are saying that whether this is a sign or a sign, it is only a means through which a woman or a man or a woman can be educated. I understand that. I mean, we are not educated because education is a very big concept. It is very broad. Now you will see what Gandhi ji wants. If we are educated, then the teacher should do this and that. And what does he say? Education is also an awakening of the soul. That is, our soul should be awakened again. Wake up. Wake up. That is the lesson. And strengthening the inner voice. That is, our inner voice. That is, our inner voice. That is the lesson. And what are they saying? It is true education as he opines. What is true education? Harmonious functioning of the body, heart, mind and soul. That is, our body, our heart, our mind, our mind, our soul. Everyone is working in a harmonious functioning. It is not like the heart is saying something, the mind is saying something, the body is saying something. It should not be like that. To do all this, follow the way that we do it, and do what we do? What we do? Our spiritual, intellectual, physical faculties. You see, our bodhic, thepahtmik and our physical activities, our body and bodies all participate in a分. All are working in the sense of harmonious functioning. That is the lesson. He felt that an undue emphasis on any one of these factors. He is saying that all of these factors should have a harmonious function and if we do an undue emphasis on any one of these factors. What will happen? Not only negates the basic principles for division but also retards the development of itself. This will cause problems and the development of our self. The body, heart, mind, soul, spiritual, intellectual, physical, emotional, mental, everything should have a harmonious function. All of these factors should have a harmonious function. All of these factors should have a harmonious function. All of these factors should have a harmonious function. What else does Gandhi Ji say? Gandhi Ji attached much importance to the cultural aspect of education. He is saying that he has put a lot of emphasis on the scientific aspect of education. Wherein the inner culture must be reflected in one's speech and conduct towards others. See, what our culture reflects when we speak, when we interact with others. This means that education has to enrich our inner culture. Education as Gandhi is invisible also focuses on social welfare. Gandhi Ji is talking about social welfare a lot. He is saying that the real education is the one in which we should think about social welfare. It is not that we should destroy our own development and society. This should not be the case. Never diverted the goal of education from rural reconstruction. See, if you read it, you will know that Gandhi Ji says that India lives in the village. You must think about the country situation at that time. What kind of society was there at that time? It was very poor. The villages were completely remote from development. There was no cleanliness, hygiene, education, nothing. He is saying that the goal of education should never be far from rural reconstruction and reconstruction. It should be the same. He was in favor of the youth serving the villages in a training service. He is saying that the youth, what should the education do? It should serve the villages. The youth should go to the village and serve their services. We can get the services. The services are all available. If the city is fixed, the education should be fixed. And the rest of the people should not be fixed. Gandhi Ji was also in favor of the young people teaching the villagers the importance of hygiene and health. He was also in favor of the youth, the youth who went to the village and taught the people the importance of hygiene and health. He should do social service like this. It is a holistic perspective of well-being. There is a holistic perspective of well-being. There is no development or anything like that. Gandhi viewed social service as an inherent part of education. He is saying that social service should be the main part of education. The end of all education should be surely be service. He is saying that the end of education is that we can provide so many services. And if a student gets an opportunity of rendering service, even whilst he is studying, he should consider it as a rare opportunity and treat it not really as a suspension of his education, but rather its compliment. Sorry. Sorry. Gandhi Ji is saying that if there is a child who is going to study, and he is getting an opportunity to serve his students, he should not think that there is something missing in his education, but rather he should consider it as a rare opportunity. And he should definitely do that. What is in Gandhi Ji's philosophy? Self-realization, God-realization, truth, non-violence, conduct of human life, righteousness and discipline, physical training, craft, learning, right? Right. Once she starts coming, she keeps coming. She will go to her mother-in-law. And most importantly, treat all living beings with respect, compassion, humility and love. I mean, it is a very big thing. It is a very big thing to achieve. But if we can realize anything from it, even a little bit, even a little bit, it means that the teacher has done his job or we are really educated. What else can we talk about, Gandhi Ji? He is saying that the ultimate aim of education is character development. Character development is the ultimate aim of our education. I mean, it is not just about education, but our character development. It is a sure stepping stone to nation-building. If our character develops from this, then the nation-building will be supported. He is saying that the end of all knowledge according to him must be building up of character. He is saying that the end of knowledge must be building up of character. And he is saying that Gandhi not only had Gandhi, a concrete conception of such a personality, but also he possessed a personality of the kind he wanted others to develop. See, we are teachers. And we want to teach our children that we want to teach discipline. We want to make them disciplined. We want to make them punctual. And we come late to class every day. If we go from class to class every day, we stay disciplined, we follow what our students say. But that doesn't mean anything. Just like Gandhi wanted a personality like Gandhi, to be a smart person. He used to keep himself. That's why he had so many followers. That's why his voice was spread all over the country. See, he is doing something else. He is doing something else. See? Then he put him again, the Gandhian conception of personality is a holistic personality in which every aspect, attitude and aptitude is given a balanced development and his concept of education puts the highest importance on the formation of the individual's personality, which will be capable of subsuming the highest and ultimate ideals of human life. Okay? That means, they want character development. They want a holistic personality. A holistic personality in which everything will come. What else do they say? They say that there should be a diverse aspect of human development. Like spiritual, physical, mental, emotional development. And what does education make us? What is tolerance? What is tolerance?олitude. We need to have a free opportunity to develop love in ourselves, human dignity in ourselves, manuviyata develop. Which are necessary preconditions to embody the virtues of non-violence. See, that's what we are varying on onha interrupted. Neve should be more on love. There are great things, great ideas. Education makes it possible to develop a balance. Our person will be satisfied if we learn properly. And they talked about moral and spiritual development. I said that there is a lot of physical training and mental training for the child. In adult education Gandhi was deeply pained at the mass illiteracy in India. Mass illiteracy in India should be there. The man who was born is very sad. He used to say that it is a sin for India. It must be liquidated and it should be removed in every way. He said that teaching the masses is to read and write and drive out the ignorance through carefully selected teachers with an equally carefully selected syllabus according to which they would educate the adult villagers mind. He said that the man should be educated. He should be very well educated. He should be well educated. He should be well educated. He has taught the adult villagers what is mind set and otherłeas? What is mind set? Diétique means mind setting That's fine. grossed that denotes the child could be educated. and also the Pardha system. Look, we are in this society where the hair is married, the Pardha Pratah and the Dehesh Pratari are not in the society anymore. But back then, they wanted women and women to be educated so that they can be removed from the society. Now, they said that education is a tool that can be taught to women through which they can be removed from the society from the superstitions and superstitions that are in the society. Look, what if they become educated? They said that Gandhi ji felt that women, if educated, would break the shackles of enforced widowshood. Meaning, they have to be widows, they have to cut their hair, they have to keep their life full of such things. If they are enforced, they can raise their voices if they are educated. The constitution, the dowry system, the economic foundation, the marital slavery, look, the society where there are so many women, but we cannot imagine the society where they are talking about the society, so we have to think about their time. And back then, there was a lot of oppression, that there was no oppression or oppression. So they also talked about oppression, untouchables. Gandhi liberated on how to teach these children and make them repositories of cleanliness. Look, hygiene, cleanliness, health, it is also very important in Gandhi ji's education, in his system, in his thoughts. Teach them how to live a good life. The preliminary training should consist in teaching children manners. Teach them good habits, good speech, good conduct and release them from the miserable state of conditions they live in. Okay, then last slide. I think so. Gandhi ji's idea also on education called the basic national education scheme, which he had been voicing in Harijan for many years. Look, Harijan was a poet, in which he used to raise his voice, and in that he was the basis. I mean, these were the things he used to do. There was an all-India national education conference in the U.S. U.S. See, even in the 1970s, all of this was happening. Today, in 2020, if we build a conference, we feel that we are doing something very big. It was happening a hundred years ago as well. Okay? And there were so many good things going on there. So, in this commission, when the report was submitted, Gandhi ji's views, the students of this committee, and they shared their thoughts on this end-down. And look, what was the first point that came out? Free compulsory education for all boys and girls into 14 years. Now, when the right to education has come, then we say this in this. This was the first time we were talking about this. From 7 to 14 years, the students of this committee, should plan their education for the future. And what does Gandhi ji say? Education through craft and productive work. They are saying that they have created a structure like SUPW, socially useful productive work, so that you can learn how to make something. Systematic and scientific methods. They are saying that there is a self-supporting scheme. This means that there are state universities, infrastructure, this is school building, books should be there, sorry. And they provide furniture, etc. Actually, I don't have the right to take care of a cake. I don't have to take care of a cake. I don't have the right to take care of a cake. Educating through mother tongue as the medium of instruction. Look, now, N.E.P. 2020 is talking about when the teachers of mother tongue are saying this. Right? They are saying that at the elementary level, at least teach them in mother tongue because at that stage, when the child means curious, relative, then his thoughts, if he doesn't get a word, then his thoughts will end. So there, the thoughts should get a word. Introducing the child, it's rich, hate, and culture. Today, N.E.P. 2020 tells us to connect with culture, connect with our people, feel pride. These things are going on for a long time. In making, in them, the right ethical and moral values, that is, they develop ethical and moral values. And the exposition of the kind of non-moral instigation making these students understand the ideals of citizenship. Look at the nature of Nagrikta. Nowadays, there is a new threat. The children who are going to study, the children of good universities, they throw up. They light a fire. Government, government has not bought it from its own money. We give it tax, the government has done it from its own money. So actually, you are lighting your own money. Why didn't you get the quality of citizenship? Why didn't you learn non-violence from your teacher? Understand rights, duties and obligations as members of civilized communities and introducing the idea of cooperative community with social services as the dominating motive. So all these things, you can elaborate on this. And basic education was not able to follow because the criticism they gave was not able to understand its basic motive. They thought that the children wanted to make this a labor force. They wanted to make the children learn some craft. They said that the craft should be connected to every aspect so that the local craft, wherever it is, becomes flourishing. You see, the local craft of many places has been completely destroyed by the Karghans. And the children who go out to study have neither knowledge nor knowledge. They don't have anything that can be included in their daily life. That's why unemployment is such a big problem. Because we don't produce the demand of the market. What we produce is not the market's supply. So this scheme gave birth to the system of new education as advised by Karthi Ji. So this was the total meaning. You want the character to develop, you want to be a holistic personality developer. They are saying literacy is not just education. They are saying, teach the people, serve in the village. They are talking about women's education. They are talking about adult education. It is a complete philosophy. It is a complete educational philosophy. And from the very beginning, it was very important for that time. It was given, even today, it was important. I mean, for 100 years, it was made with it. You can understand that this is such a misery. Okay. I am so sorry for my throat today because I spoke a lot. But I hope so that the color will get better soon. In the next videos, you will get the right voice for the world. Okay. Thank you and don't forget to like and subscribe to the channel. Explore Education. Okay. Done from my side.