 Abstract agricultural residues, such as lignocellulosic materials, LM, are promising source of renewable energy. Microarobic pretreatment, MP, is a novel approach for the degradation of LM, which uses minimal amounts of oxygen and is more cost-effective than other techniques. This paper provides an overview of MP, its advantages, and how it could be used to produce methane from agricultural residue. This article was authored by Farak Raza Amin, Habiba Khalid, Han Jong, and others.