 Parasitic organisms can cause significant harm to their hosts, leading to reduced fitness. Natural selection favors defensive strategies that can protect hosts from these diseases. Behaviors have been shown to be effective at reducing the risk of infection by parasites and parasitoids in insects. This research suggests that behavioral immunity may provide strong protection against parasites and parasitoids, acting either directly or indirectly through fitness benefits. The study of behavioral immunity in insects offers insight into how it may affect host-parasite interactions, local adaptation, and the evolution of non-behavioral physiological immune systems. Additionally, the study of behavioral immunity in insects could inform studies of vertebrate immunology. This article was authored by Thierry Lefevre and Jacobus Cedarud.