 So Let's look at I will get all your super chat questions. I promise later and As much as I want to jump in right now with answers to some of them. I will get to them later So let's look at this video. I've got it up It's by act TV. I have no idea who act TV is It seems pretty But I'm pretty pretty lame pretty not late lame's probably not the right word but pretty naive and You know, it's it's pretty standard. This is not an academically sophisticated attempt to define To define You know systemic racism that thank you ratty eight nine eight nine. That's very generous Very generous super chat You're gonna get me in trouble with that question. All right, so Acta TV, so let's just view it and I will do as I always do I will stop it in the middle and And talk about it and they'll review it and We will see whether there is such a thing as systemic racism and based on how at least that TV defines it I'm sure there can be other definitions out there. All right, ready. Here we go. Oh I'm pressing the wrong button This is Jamal Jamal is a boy who lives in a poor neighborhood He has a friend named Kevin who lives in a wealthy neighborhood All of Jamal's neighbors are African-American and all of Kevin's neighbors are white because Jamal school district is mostly funded by property taxes His school is not very well Funded his classrooms are overcrowded His teachers are underpaid and he doesn't have access to high quality tutors or extra curricular activities Now let's stop right there Because while there are parts of the country in which this is very true that school is all funded by Property taxes and by the way the one area where I think I agree most with the idea of systemic racism or or the evil that the Consequences are to destroy Certain communities is on the issue of education but not in the way that they're presenting it here So it's true that the property taxes are what funded the school property taxes are low because the areas in which these schools exist are Poor and therefore the quality what the argument is the quality of the education is poor Now there's a lot to say about this but let's start with the fact that there are many States in America today that do not fund their schools exclusively from from property taxes For example in California, I think it's unconstitutional because the the Supreme Court in California Recognized the fact that some schools were getting a little bit of money Some schools getting a lot of money and that those were huge disparities in in public education government education And therefore what it has done is it is the man that the state supplement school budget Beyond the property taxes to equate them on a money going into the various schools Has this dramatically improved the quality of education in Minority schools not that I'm aware of not that I'm aware of So maybe it's something else So maybe we should start thinking about public schools Government schools. I need to train myself to call them government schools because the government schools Maybe the problem here is that we don't have markets in education Maybe the problem is here is that the schools are run by government bureaucrats with curriculum set by government bureaucrats set by departments of education at universities that are breeding grounds for You know unrealistic and and detached from reality Means of supposedly educating kids from new math to sightsee reading to a variety of different ways Why don't we blame Where the blame really lies and that is with the quality of education that's being received here And the quality of education that's being received has nothing to do with budget I've given this example many times, but I'll give it again in Inner city of Chicago now these are numbers that are probably Four or five years old. So forgive me for being out of date a little bit But four or five years ago in the city in this inner city of Chicago It cost the city of Chicago $15,000 a child to provide an education in the government schools $15,000 a child In Utah for example, it cost $4,000 a child in other places. It's got somewhere between four to ten $15,000 a child should buy you a fantastic education But it doesn't we know that the inner cities of Chicago Education sucks is a nice word of describing it. It is horrific It is awful the kids there Many of them are boy, you know, the betters kids don't even finish school And and they don't go to college and the education. They don't know anything when they come out of school In the same neighborhoods across the street So it's not an issue of the culture of the neighborhood You have Catholic schools. I'm no big fan of Catholic schools. I'm not fan of religion period But you have Catholic schools They charge 7,500 a kid or cost them 7,500 a child to educate the child children half of what it costs the city of Chicago and yet the quality of education is significantly better Significantly better the city of Chicago could fall into some purposes Stop shut down every single school it has privatize the system subsidize it at the rate of $7,500 a child Return the rest of the money to the taxpayers And the children would get a superior a dramatically superior education So don't tell me it's money Because in many places it is not now. I'm sure their school districts are to stop for funds I'm sure that their school district to get very little money and I'm showing some places that as a factor But the problem is much more fundamental It's not about money It's about the fact that these are government schools It's a fact that these are government schools Now I interviewed on the show a few weeks ago James Thule who wrote a brilliant book called the beautiful tree A beautiful tree documents the existence of private schools in the worst slums in the world in Calcutta and in in in Nigeria and much of Africa and all over India And these schools are just as good if not much better Usually much better than the government schools And as he said on the show with me, they would be even better if they didn't teach the government curriculum If they could actually have competition on curriculum It's the solution to the problem of education in America the solution to the education of Of minority kids the solution to education broadly Is privatizing the schools it's it's educational saving accounts if we can't go full out privatization because you know because You have to transition there And a lot of these families the argument goes can't afford private education Again, the work of james totally shows that they can afford Private education the private education Schools would not have big gyms swimming pools tennis courts football fields My guess is many of these inner city kids schools don't have that anyway And you don't need that To provide a great education As marva collins a private school teacher who taught In the inner city of chicago and every one of her kids went to college And it was a cheap school And parents paid for it So there's no reason poor people particularly if you Take off some of the burdens tax burdens other burdens like Licensing laws and everything else minimum wage all the burdens that poor people have to face if you take those burdens away from them That the state places on them can't afford a private education so the problem of Different quality educations, which is real Is solved by privatizing the educational system and the best way to do that that i know of as a first step Is education saving accounts you can look up education saving accounts And that would solve the problem That would get rid of this and i wonder How many of the people Who are pushing this idea of systemic Racism that originates in the school system How many of them are pushing Education saving comes by the way i'm against vouchers The solution is education saving comes Vouchers allow the government to define who You who gets a voucher And then it puts standards On schools to get the voucher And education saving accounts put the money puts the money in the parents bank account For use on any education home schooling online education Evening education any form of education You want to give parents real choice Not parents the choices selected for them by government So i would move away from vouchers to use tax credits or tax saving plans tax saving accounts which which the government funds So we fund schools that the teachers choose That is the solution to the one issue Where there's real truth There's real discrimination All right, let's keep going School district is also funded by property taxes So his school is very well funded His classrooms are never crowded His teachers are very well paid and he has access to high quality tutors and lots of extracurricular activities And what's amazing about that is yes, they have a lot of money And education sucks And education is horrible And again and and by international standards education is terrible and again Even for the rich Kid the solution is to privatize the schools The solution is competition. The solution is innovation Not more government schools Kevin and Jamal live only a few streets away from each other So how come they're growing up in such different worlds with such different opportunities for success? The answer has to do with america's history of systemic racism to understand it better Let's look at what life was like for kevin and jamal Now no history of systemic racism now when you talk about history There clearly was systemic racism in history and we'll get to that now This is the grandparents decades after the civil war Many government agencies started to draw maps dividing cities into sections that were either desirable For investment this practice was called redlining and it usually blocked off entire black neighborhoods from access to private and public investment Now this is absolutely true And this is part of the disgraceful history of this country It really is Even in the north Across the entire united states um Starting for example Starting really with the with the uh with a new deal f dr's new deal Redlining did not happen not in this sense not in the sense. I'm going to talk about to white neighborhoods There's a sense in which it happened in white neighborhoods, but not the sense. I'm going to talk about Not in the sense of denying loans Even before the denying of loans The fact is that post world war world war two Um, remember that in the new deal the government created a bunch to the the f dr administration created a bunch of Regulatory agencies the a bunch of government agencies Whose job was to provide housing for americans These agencies built affordable housing These agencies insured mortgages these agencies secured financing for various real estate projects These were government agencies created again during the new deal during the 1930s And after world war two these agencies became Significantly engaged in helping americans particularly americans coming back from war With very little young young people young men coming back Establishing families wanting to buy a house They helped them They helped them it was government redlining is a government phenomena not a private phenomena. We'll get to the private phenomenon in a minute And what did the government do again? You should read your history rather than reading the convention rather than reading What everybody says rather than reading the kind of socialist vision view of of american history Read the real american history the real discrimination the real racism was at government agencies government programs That's segregated. So the HUD HUD is the agency that provides insurance for mortgages And hud basically will not give mortgages to black people would not insure their mortgages now again White people who came in Who wanted to buy a home? Could get a mortgage from a bank Not because they were white, but because the government was willing To insure the mortgage And when the government insures the mortgage A bank is willing to cover it To this day you can get some banks demand that you get mortgage insurance That's why they can keep rates so low because a big chunk of their risk is guaranteed by the government through this mortgage insurance HUD refused to give mortgages to blacks And therefore Refused to give insurance to blacks and therefore banks Refused to give the mortgages. It wasn't because the banks were discriminating. It wasn't because the banks were redlining it was because economically You had one person with the same from the same Income the same economic situation one of them getting government insurance and one of them not One of them low risk and one of them high risk Had nothing to do with skin color Had everything to do with the fact that the government was discriminating City ordinances were written all over the country City audiences or ordinances were written that restricted the ability of blacks to live in certain neighborhoods They were restricted to the neighborhoods that were deemed appropriate for them usually The neighborhoods that consist of with low-income housing That was typically built for them when they worked During the war now You a good book about this by the way about all this issue of redlining and housing and everything is called the color of law a forgotten history of how our government segregated america segregation redlining discrimination by business Is a feature of government policy it is a consequence of government policy now. I've been read the whole book But wow when I read the stuff. It was unbelievable I didn't realize I didn't realize how this how much federal law and state and local law discriminated against blacks before the 1960s now most of that is gone most that is gone in its place are The reverse discrimination that favors minorities and favors We'll get to that but for decades Really from reconstruction on In the south and then but much in the north as well There were laws that restricted the ability of blacks to buy home to gain certain jobs You know in a there was a ford plant There was the unions held them out. There was a ford plant in In in in california on the east bay opposite san francisco and there was a big sign on that ford plant Before the war before world war two and it said No black and hispanic employees workers allowed They just didn't hire them And then when they did hire them during the walkers, they had no choice Then the city segregated them in housing So the this segregation this complain about redlining Is a valid complaint About the government and it has as this video a little straight. It has long-term consequences It has real long-term consequences But it is a mistake to attribute it to capitalism. Well, let's let's go through this a little bit and I'll tell you what insurance companies use these maps for decades to deny black people loans and other services based purely on race now Let's think this through Is this true? Could this be true? Oh, let's say it differently a little bit Let's say this a little bit differently. What does it mean? Would this happen in capitalism? Would this happen in capitalism? so Imagine there's a bank run by a racist And he refuses mortgages to blacks Who could pay it back? Then what would happen in a capitalist economy in a true laissez-fait economy and what would happen? Well another bank who is not run by a racist Would enter the space Give mortgages to all these blacks and reap the profits and do much better than the first bank So competition would drive redlining away Markets would punish the redliner Now, let's imagine a worse world. Let's imagine. I don't know you in alabama or someplace. It's really racist in those days And imagine that every bank is run by a racist so that no bank will issue these loans What would be the solution in a marketplace in a free market to that? Well a black man a woman Would start their own bank Focus on giving blacks loans that they couldn't get anywhere else Make a killing from that and grow their bank and Drive these other bankers compete with these other bankers. You would start your own bank Now leave the state is what many blacks did So why wasn't that the solution? Why isn't it the case? That other banks stepped in to replace the bank or that blacks didn't start their own banks to compete Why did that not happen? Why was that gap in the market not filled? Why wasn't it filled? Because of government So blacks were not allowed to get a bank charter in the south Banks were not allowed to get a bank charter in the south The regulators federal regulators Who approved bank charters again? This is a banks are regulated business heavily heavily heavily regulated by the fed federal government and by state governments Would not allow them to start a bank. So even if you wanted to you couldn't start a bank to compete Against the bankers who are racists And then what about the non-racist banker? Well the non-racist banker Was discriminated against by the government because he couldn't get He couldn't get insurers To insure the mortgages and the insurer was not a private insurer again. This is not private markets It was again a government The problem of racism in america The damage that racism That was done in america is primarily the damage done by the state by government federal government local governments prohibiting Starting businesses by the way, there's a good movie that illustrates some of this with regard to banks and mortgages and everything And that's called I think it's called the banker. It's on apple tv apple tv called the banker based on a true story fascinating and how These couple of banks managed to buy a bank in texas and and all the all the challenges that they go through In order to do that and what they what's done to them as a consequence They're basically sent to jail so no racism is primarily a consequence of government policy and yes this government policy This lack of freedom this lack of capitalism Is what has caused whatever systemic racism still exists in this country It's government involvement in education It's government involvement in banking. It's government involvement in mortgages. It's government involving in housing It's government zoning it's government And the solution to racism is not more government programs It's not government programs to reverse the racism with new racist programs the solution Is to reduce government's involvement. The solution is capitalism. The solution is freedom. The solution is laissez faire In laissez faire a racist business owner won't survive in laissez faire a racist banker will be priced out of the market In laissez faire a developer sends the house to the highest bidder in laissez faire Racism it's not a laissez faire has an anti racist agenda But laissez faire makes racism impractical It makes racism a losing strategy. It makes racism an ideology for losers So it's only laissez faire capitalism that can solve the problem of racism If you want to solve the problem of systemic racism and all these demonstrators are advocating for the solution is More capitalism the exact opposite of what they want. They want more state involvement more socialism more control more state intervention Which is ultimately the source of this racism Boycotts a good solution against racism in a free market in capitalism Racism is impractical under capitalism But when it's the ruling ideology of those in government who are trying to run our life and trying to centrally plan Then it's a disaster All right, let's keep watching this. This is this whole stuff about banks redlining banks. It's just it's bogus without government programs None of this would happen without government regulations without government controls without government Basically managing economy None of that would have happened Historically speaking owning a home and getting a college education is the easiest way for an american family to build wealth It's truth to that starting a plan parents wanted to buy a house the banks refused because they lived in a neighborhood That was redlined the banks refused because the government Basically incentivized them to refuse So jamal's grandparents were not able to buy a home and because colleges could prevent them from attending through legal segregation Their options for higher education were really scarce Well, here again You know, the options for education were really scarce in certain domains, right? Certain colleges discriminated. That's why black colleges were founded Right colleges that specialized In in accommodating black students were founded as a result of the fact that blacks were discriminated against in other colleges And again the solution to that is all being affirmative action, which is more than compensated for that We'll talk about that in a minute, but Notice there's no nuance here at all, right? They couldn't get into college. Well, they're very limited Well, yeah, they were limited, but they were not zero Jews, by the way We were restricted from the best universities in the country in the early part of the 20th century Yale and harvard and the iver leagues Basically had a policy of not admitting Jews or admitting very few Jews And they still managed So they went to second-rate universities third-rate university. They excelled and did well So it can't just be this although this is a fact and the and the fact that universities excluded blacks is evil It's racism and it's bad On the other hand got a low interest loan to buy their first house and get accepted into a handful of top universities Which traditionally only accepted white students This opened up a wealth of opportunities that they were able to pass on to their kids and grandkids even now This is true. There's a truth to this, but it's not the whole story. It's only a piece of the story and this is primarily history None of this is true today Late as the 1980s an investigation into the atlanta real estate market Showed that banks were more willing to lend to low-income white families than to middle or upper-income african-american families Skeptical about this study. I can't prove it's wrong, but I am skeptical in in addition at least today Atlanta has a number today. Atlanta has a number of minority owned banks That specialize in providing mortgages and loans to small businesses for the black and Hispanic community in Atlanta So I don't know about the 80s and I wasn't there But again the profit motive would suggest that that would not happen That higher-income black family would easier to get a loan than a low-income white family So so I would have to look at that study more carefully to figure that out But again, remember heavy heavy regulations of banks banks are not free and by the 1980s HUD was not discriminating so mortgage insurance was as available To a white family as it was to a black family as it was to a white family. So None of that would have would have existed in the 80s. So again skepticism I can't prove it But it doesn't make sense to me As a result today for every hundred dollars of wealth held by a white family black families have five dollars and four cents I don't know if this number is true either But it is a big gap And and this is the consequence of historic racism historic racism Is no question has hurt the ability of of wealth creation and in wealth transfer from generation to generation That is just a fact of reality out there. This is particularly true in the south, but it's true in parts of the north as well 2017 study confirms that redlining is still affecting home values in major cities like Chicago today This is well, but that is a question of there's no redlining in Chicago today So there is a difference in terms of home values, but that is a Multi-faceted question. What are their crime rates? What is the culture? What are the what what is going on? What is the quality of the homes in a particular again? So you got to be skeptical of some of these studies particularly when they extrapolate the history to today There's no redlining today. You couldn't get away with that. I mean you would you'd be sued the lawsuits the The the All the laws are skewed today the other way the other way This is a good question Tom's asked in using in terms like back community Petulating to the idea that blacks or any racial group can can and should be discussed as a monolith Is in the speaking in tribal terms? Yeah. I mean, I mean, I don't think I don't like black community but there is such a thing as A community there is such a thing as people who live together and have a particular culture and live Unfortunately, I don't think there should be Communities based on skin color, but we live in a world today in which there is such a thing And I'll talk a little bit about culture within black communities because I think that plays a big role in what's going on here These black communities were created by regulation. They were created because of racist city planning and redlining by city and federal authorities And what they've created is monolithic Skin color because I you know, I don't believe in race, but people do have different skin color People living together then if you add to that what I've talked about before which is the one poverty welfare Minimum wage licensing law and everything else that has held many of these people back and I want to talk in a minute about culture and leadership, which I think has held these people back But but yes in a healthy society in a laissez faire society People would not be clustered around communities community just physical spaces With people of the same ethnic background of the same skin color for very long Immigrants tend to cluster together For familiarity's sake and then within a couple of generations they spread out and that goes away Blacks have been in this country for a long time There should be no black communities There should be no white communities. They should just be communities The fact that there is racism here and its origins and its source We are discussing Is why blacks live together and whites live together white neighborhoods and black neighborhoods those exist It's a sad fact of the world that those exist. They shouldn't exist We should strive and should have always strived for a colorblind society Which is what martin luther king argued for but we don't and we haven't for a long long time all right so How kevin and jamal inherited vastly different circumstances Unfortunately, the story doesn't end there a big part of systemic racism is implicit bias These are prejudices in society that people are not aware that they have So this is interesting. So these are subconscious prejudices that you have that you don't even know that you have Right and and I think a lot of people do have these And I think a lot of people are now very conscious They're not thinkers I think a lot of racism is a consequence of evasion of not thinking of of lazy intellectual laziness And of not checking your own implicit biases these Could be real Let's go back to kevin and jamal Against all odds jamal manages to be the only student from his high school to get accepted into a great university The same one that kevin and his high school friends are attending But after kevin and jamal both graduate jamal notices that his resume isn't drawing as much interest as kevin's And that's not because of his name And that's not because of the color of his skin because indeed affirmative action. So let me tell you a story. So I was My first my first university job. I was uh, it was going to be hired um I had an interview a really good interview at santa claire university and they said oh We want to give you an offer. We're gonna give you an offer. Don't worry. You're gonna get an offer I said, okay. I wait a few weeks and no offer comes So I called them up and I say hey, what's going on? I thought I was gonna get an offer and I said look There's this black female on the market And you know the university is forcing us to make her an offer You know because she's black and she's female and you're a white guy, you know We have to do this And then they said don't worry She's getting an offer from every university. She's not gonna accept our offer So you'll be next Which was true. She got offers from many universities. She took another more lucrative position at this university and ultimately after a number of other Um speed bumps upon the road Where I was told I I I wasn't getting the job because there were too many jews in the finance department So where the university exhibited anti-semitic traits. I was finally offered the job and took it but There's a phone of action today So the chances are that if you're black from a good university You're probably getting more offers. You're probably getting more interviews By the way, santa claire university is a catholic university Very leftist super ultra leftist Catholic university So I don't buy this I don't buy this I mean part of the reasons why his resume is not as good because Kevin went to a good school Kevin probably did a lot of uh community service and did a lot of bullshit stuff to make his resume look good And jamal probably didn't But if you identify the same program with the exact same gpa Unfortunately for jamal studies show that resumes with white sounding names get twice as many callbacks as identical resumes with black sounding names Again, i'm skeptical can prove it skeptical But you know, i'm the first i'm one of the first people to say that Racism exists in america And we'll talk about why Maybe it's even on the rise in a little while when i finish this video But racism does exist in america. America is a much more racist than they ever thought they were Much more race and you can see that that one of the Biggest areas you can see that as an immigration, but uh, it's true beyond that as well Implicit bias is one of the reasons why the black unemployment rate is twice the rate of white unemployment Really, maybe the black unemployment rate is higher because of what you said about education earlier Why is it because of implicit bias is no evidence of this? I don't believe or if there is evidence It's it's it's very shaky ground It's much more likely to be an issue of the education that they talked about earlier than about this college graduates today You can see evidence of systemic racism in every area of life Disparities and family wealth incarceration rates political Incarceration rates. No, probably not a lot of that has to do with the fact that the black blacks Have embraced the drug trade as as a way to make money in in many of these communities and uh, a lot of them You know on incarcerated for drug offenses Crime rates in um in drugs. It's not incarceration Where you see higher rates you see it in crime blacks commit more crime Blacks are more likely to commit crimes. So all of those are just realities That are reflected in incarceration rates as a consequence Representation i'm not sure in education. I mean, yeah, I mean all of this is again. There's elements of truth This is the complexity elements of truth couched In a lot of lies or a lot of misrepresentation and education are all examples of systemic racism Unfortunately the biggest challenge is systemic racism is that there's no single person or entity responsible for it Which makes it very hard to solve So what can you do the first thing you can do is work towards becoming more aware of your own implicit biases I agree with that. I think people do have implicit biases I think the more way you are of of of the content of your subconscious So what your subconscious feeds you of of the kind of ideas you have about other people and how you respond to different people I think that's helpful. I think work on this particularly with cops Is very very helpful and part of the educational program should be around these things if it's done rationally and properly Which again is a big if A big if What are some prejudices that you might hold that you're not aware of? Second, let's acknowledge that the consequences of slavery and Jim Crow laws are still affecting access to opportunity today As a result, we should support systemic changes that create more equal opportunity So from criminal justice system, I'm all for that. I'm for more than just reforming the criminal justice system I'm for doing away with drug law You know getting rid of the drug wars Uh getting triggered of the whole thing legalizing Everything everything heroin cocaine Every single drug out there legalize it or at least decriminalize it Get people out of jail who commit victimless crimes I'm from doing away with most of the laws or or or eliminating the war on immigration on immigrants I'm for real reform of the criminal justice system real reform reform the laws reform the laws And and and again that would change the dynamics completely It would reduce the number of police we need It would make it easier to find good policemen It would reduce the amount of violence in society if reduced the amount of corruption within the police force It would change everything And predatory lending there is no such thing as predatory lending that is such a BS leftist term There is no such thing as predatory lending You know there's high interest rate lending because of the risk that people take the risk that people constitute But it's not predatory predatory lending Is the mafia predatory lending is what do you call the the guy at the corner who's lending money? I forget right but predatory lending actual stores pawn shops Paycheck lending they're the ones that Eliminate The real predatory lending which are the loan sharks The loan sharks who break your legs if you don't pay them back They're the predatory lenders and paycheck lending Is the antidote to that? Protect voting rights. I agree. We should protect voting rights For everyone increasing public school funding and making it independent from how about privatizing privatizing schools That would be a great start so that poor and wealthy districts can receive equal access to resources places that have done that Have not shown a significant difference systemic problems require systemic solutions. Luckily, we're all part of the system Which means that we all have a role to play All right, that's uh, that's the end of it um Yes systemic problems require systemic solutions and I agree with that And the best systemic solution to systemic racism to the extent that it exists Is capitalism It's freedom It's laws of fair It's getting rid Of state intervention government controls Government redlining government decisions government affirmative action Thank you. Alex. That's very generous And what this video ignores Is that the back communities or blacks as individuals Have had lousy leadership lousy intellectuals And a lousy commitment to religion The leaders have advocated For welfare programs for redistribution of wealth for handouts. Forgive me Rather than for jobs for work For wealth creation The leaders have been anti-capitalist when capitalism is the only legitimate Long-term solution to racism They mean intellectuals have been marxist leftists Anti-capitalist anti-americans With exception of people like thomas soul and walter williams And a few others They mean committed to an economic system and a political system That hurts the black individual the ambitious Person who wants to be successful is hurt by them And of course they committed to religion They're way too religious Way too committed to sacrifice Not ambitious enough And this brings me to the fact that this leadership and these intellectuals, you know Martin Luther king was much better than these leaders and these intellectuals But many of the people surrounding Martin Luther king many of the people who are hailed as as civil rights leaders and suddenly Many of the people today who act as they leaders Thoroughly corrupt Thoroughly leftist Thoroughly anti-american thoroughly anti-capitalist and the consequence of this the consequence of ideas The consequence of leadership The consequence of intellectual of Ideas leadership intellectuals Of lack of education or lousy education Is a negative bad culture And unfortunately These communities Have bad culture and they're not the only communities. They're bad culture. There's a lot of there's a lot of white trash That that that has bad culture There's a lot of communities of other colors skin That have bad cultures But this is very prevalent among blacks A entitlement mentality, which the welfare state Has ingrained in them A lack of Enough appreciation of the value of education Again, this is a generalization There are many many many many exceptions and I salute the exceptions. They're heroic the exceptions Because they have to overcome their leaders their intellectuals And the culture in which they live What we need today what I called a new intellectual would be any man or woman who is willing to think Meaning any man or woman who knows that man's life must be guided by reason By the intellect not by feelings wishes wins or mystic revelations Any man or woman who values his life and who does not Want to give in to today's cult of despair cynicism and impotence and does not intend to give up the world To the dark ages and to the role of the collectivist Using the super chat and I noticed yesterday when I appealed For support for the show many of you step forward and actually Supported the show for the first time. So I'll do it again. Maybe we'll get some more today If you like what you're hearing if you appreciate what I'm doing Then I appreciate your support Those of you who don't yet support the show, please take this opportunity. Go to your own book show dot com slash support or go to subscribe star dot com your own book show And and and make a kind of a monthly contribution to keep this to keep this going. I'm not sure when the next