 The grain for green project in the lush plateau of China has had a positive impact on both the environment and the economy. The project has improved soil retention services, leading to a win-win situation whereby the region's economic growth has been boosted while its natural resources have been protected. This has been made possible by optimizing the region's industrial structure and increasing non-agricultural employment opportunities. This article was authored by Xu Qingli, Jean-Chien-Sie, and Byzantipodal.