 This paper provides an overview of the current state of research into the development of highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction, ORR, electrocatalysts based on atomically dispersed metal site electrocatalysts, ADMSEs. The authors begin by summarizing the fundamental ORR mechanisms for ADMSEs, followed by a discussion of the intrinsic catalytic mechanism from the perspective of theoretical calculations. They then go on to explore advanced characterization techniques to identify the active sites and effective synthesis methods to prepare catalysts for ADMSEs. Finally, they propose strategies for the rational design of the advanced ADMSEs, as well as addressing the challenges associated with their practical applications. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of research into the development of highly efficient ORR electrocatalysts based on ADMSEs. This article was authored by Kachuang Wan, Tinquachu, Bingli, and others.