 And so I'll not share with you some beautiful facts, some of the most interesting, most amazing inspirant, when we see a small portion inspired and amazed. And let's just worries of the Dardus is four light years away. So that's just millions, but we can actually detect. The universe was protons, individual protons that make up the nuclei of atoms hadn't even this cosmic microwave backward subatomic particles. It was actually a it actually appears on our old CRT television sets. Astronomers have actually discovered the largest known diamond in our galaxy. It's a massive lump of crystallized diamond. Three seven zero thousand miles across weighs in at 10 billion trillion carats. We spin the fastest spinning of these pulsars, which has in its 4% of the speed of light. What's crazy is that they're so, so dense that a spoonful weighs a billion of a marble per bowl size galaxy to our Milky Way is actually six times larger than the moons we call stars, vegetating those compellingly large explosions. They initiate the these new stars. Most of the masses, these these nebular systems, most of the mass is stars, but some of them are formed because the universe went into protons and their nuclei respectively. 90% of our mass is in fact, stardust because all the elements, except for hydrogen and helium, are created in stars. Just majestic to imagine that there will be a time maybe a hundred years from now that our universe will be so evolved and will have used up in our stellar fusions. And so right now we're actually in the very special, very unique in some astronomers best estimates. Say that nearly 270 million stars. There's so many stars in our Milky Way. Our solar system itself takes about 225 million years to rotate just once together because the geological time scales are so immense, so hard to fathom and differentiate 20 million from 200 million years. Just the sheer immensity and mysteriousness is enough to keep us going for days, but if we turn it into ourselves in our biology, so many there are more back defect. It seems like by mass we're mostly bacteria. It makes you think just how dependent we are. Some scientists have discovered where I've tried to perceive what it would be like and how space time would be warped from being right near a black hole. It turns out that if you could look out from inside a black hole you would be able to not only see the entire universe in one small thing. The thing about Earth is that its rotation is slowing at a rate approximately 17 milliseconds a century of the day for the dinosaurs. If we had a sufficiently powerful and precise telescope to be able to look at a mirror placed not four light years away like our nearest star was developed out of a sense and see a need that there are 170 billion galaxies in the observables. The universe in tropic as it is, gravity is the entropy, we get together very interesting things like our brains to such an extent that they're able to think considered more than possible trajectories for these spacecraft. To do as many things simultaneously with this the engineers needed to chart a precise course that would take the voyager close to the planets but not so close that the next leg of the journey was completely able to fly close enough to cultured any spacefarers and NASA included a 12-inch gold-plated audio-visual disc on the craft. Sagan's spouse recalled that Manatee's story was a secret. She and Carl Sagan in their group, he calls them half a dozen very flawed human being, had taken it upon themselves to represent humanity as a culture and as an aesthetic to explain to anything that might be out there. Who and what, where all of them, they arrived at the idea during a meeting of the American Astronomical Society in January of 1977 and the Voyager probes would launch in late August so representing the entirety of human achievement in a single recording would have had to be done so the group as humans would want to do, or want to do, divided the labor. John Lamberg was in charge of assembling pictures of Earth. Timothy Ferris selected the music in the project's creative director near the co-writer, writer of Cosmos of course, oversaw the records, sounds of Earth. Linda Salzman collected greetings from people around the world and Sagan himself served as the liaison between them and NASA. The team set about researching, talking to historians and artists and ethnomusicologists. They reached out to political groups, documentarians. They recorded human speaking and among them in perhaps the records most iconic track, Sagan's young son saying, greetings from the children of planet. The result was a time capsule that was and still is somewhere out there in space much more suggestive than summative. Humanity's cosmic mixtape is blasted from Earth in 1977 with the Voyager spacecraft. The record shares the tweetings of humpback whale. Salzman's work, spoken greetings of Earthlings rendered in 55 languages. Starting with the Acadian, spoken in Sumer about 6,000 years ago. There's 90 minutes including classical tunes. This includes the first two bars of Beethoven's string quartet, two bars of Beethoven's string quartet number 13 in B-flat. So the golden record is encased in a protective aluminum jacket along with a cartridge and a needle. Both include symbolic instruction explaining the origin of the spacecraft and indicate how the record should be played. Ideally, the record is played at 16 and 2 thirds, revolutions per minute. The logic of all this is simple of thousands of years. If ever before either Voyager can make a close approach to any planetary system, that lies. You can see it's actually binary code in six seconds per rotation. Each circumferential line or horizontal looking line stands for a zero. Pulsars, as we did, are stars of known directions. To triangulate directions, our sun actually defines more like a heartbeat. A video signal is found. Regular sawtooth waveform is the scan triggering. Then the video image, a little bit of lines and a smaller mount at the right is the video image frame showing direction of scan. In binary code, the decoded, the first image will appear as a circle. Then lastly in the little just really very cool, very simple, pretty quite brilliant actually. They knew they could stick with a constant across the entire universe to transition from one electron configuration to the next. Most, the next least record carries more than English words. They carry our culture and they carry the transcendent aspects of human beings in the same space. Jimmy's, Jimmy Carter's put it nicely. This is a present from a small distant world, a token of our sounds, our science, our images. It's beautiful, now speak, literally speak.