 Statistics and Excel. Typing mathematical equations in Microsoft Office. Got data? Let's get stuck into it with statistics and Excel. Although we'll be using OneNote here, we'll still talk about Excel. You're not required to, but if you have access to OneNote, we're in the icon left-hand side. OneNote presentation 1410. Typing mathematical equations in Microsoft Excel tab. First, a word from our sponsor. Yeah, actually, we're sponsoring ourselves on this one because apparently the merchandisers, they don't want to be seen with us. But that's okay, whatever, because our merchandise is better than their stupid stuff anyways. Like our crunching numbers is my cardio product line. Now, I'm not saying that subscribing to this channel crunching numbers with us will make you thin, fit, and healthy or anything. However, it does seem like it worked for her. Just saying. So, you know, subscribe, hit the bell thing and buy some merchandise so you can make the world a better place by sharing your accounting instruction exercise routine. If you would like a commercial free experience, consider subscribing to our website at accountinginstruction.com or accountinginstruction.thinkific.com. We're also uploading transcripts to OneNote so that you can use the immersive reader tool, changing the language if you so choose, being able to either read or listen to the transcripts in multiple languages, tying them into the video presentations using the timestamps. OneNote desktop version here and these presentations, we've been thinking about statistical concepts using Excel as our primary tool to understand those concepts as well as test those concepts out. Now, although Excel is clearly a great tool for understanding statistical concepts, it does have its downsides even if we understand how to use Excel well because it's basically another tool in the toolkit. And then we have to think about when we have these multiple great tools, which tool do I need to use for any particular problem when I'm trying to understand any particular concept. In this case, we're looking at formulas, equations. So if I have an equation, if I have a formula, how should I go about representing that equation and how should I go about basically solving and working with that equation. And obviously our options could include we could simply write down the equation and then if it's an algebraic equation, we might try to solve for it algebraically. There's still a place for that, even if we have Excel, because sometimes that's just the best way to do it. Another way that we might do it is we might put it into Excel, we might use that equation, but then work through the algebra in a table type of format in Excel, breaking it out in Excel, kind of like you'd see in like a tax return. And that's just another way to look at the data and it's quite useful oftentimes when you write it down algebraically, your mind is thinking algebraically. When you break down a formula into like a tax return kind of format, you break down each algebraic step into a table as if you're making a worksheet, then that also makes you think differently as well about the concepts that are included in the formula. Clearly Excel also has functions for many things as we have seen like the mean or the average, the quartiles, the medians and so on. So when we use a function in Excel, that's a great tool as well, although it cuts out a lot of the steps so that it makes it so that sometimes those steps make it easier for understanding what's happening, as well as they sometimes give us useful information that we might need or might be useful. For us for whatever decision we're making. So right now we just want to think about how to write down the formula. So this is a formula that's basically representing an average, where we're going to say X bar equals. And then we're going to say X one X to these are going to be the data points in a data set up to X in X in then representing how many data points are in the set. And then we divide it by in that's our average right we're going to add up all the numbers in the data set X one to X in and divide by how many numbers are in the data set or in. We can also represent that this way. So X bar or the mean or the average equals and now we've got this some icon here and we're going to say in is going to be representing the number of items that we're going to sum up the list of numbers where we start with I equals one and then we go X of I so we're summing up in the numerator again just like we have up top and then down below we're going to be dividing by the number of items. Other things that it's useful to be putting in like anything whether it be Excel or be some other office product sometimes it could be a little confusing to type something like an X bar or we're going to be using Sigma a Sigma squared I am you the Greek letters so sometimes it's useful to be able to type those out obviously if we have if we were writing this algebraically out by hand. You have some pros and cons the pros are it's not too difficult to write an X bar by hand and an X sub one and that kind of stuff. But your handwriting might not be great and it might be nice to have it in Excel as well in a formula format so that we can then work through it within Excel. And then if you if you're writing in something that you want to give to someone else then oftentimes you're in something like this one note or you might be in Microsoft Word you might be in Excel and you want to be able to write maybe a formula that looks like this. Or you might want to be writing something down in your equations that have these kind of Greek letters. So how do we do that let's do each of these formulas I can go to this one up top we go to the insert tab up top and then and whatever Microsoft product you are in you'll typically have this equation item here so if you go into the equation item. It pulled in an equation bar down here let me do that somewhere else so it's not on top of this thing I'll go to insert equation so there's my equation bar. Now when you're in this equation bar you've got all these tools that you can use that will allow you to basically build any kind of equation that looks kind of like this you can build it with these tools. But the easiest thing to do which is obviously what I go for here is going for the ink equation so if we just go into the ink equation it gives you this thing to write the equation in and it tries to interpret it if you have a pen. Like thing like a like a notepad or something then it'll be even easier I'm just doing it with a mouse and I can still do it and my writing is terrible and so so let's try it out so if I I'm going to put an X on this side. X bar and so you can see it writes this out up top and then I'm going to say is equal to and it looks like it's picking it up and I'm going to say X sub one and so it's picking it up here plus. Plus X and then we'll say sub two so that looks good plus X and see me writing with the mouse looks pretty much like I write with my with my pencil it's like about the same and then it's nice and neat up here so it's really helpful. Plus and then dot dot dot and then we're going to go plus X sub in boom and so there we have it and that whole thing over. An end and so there we have it so now you've got X one X two X three to X and over and is X bar so then we just insert and it does it for you and then of course you can. You can copy and paste this we can do our adding making it larger and oftentimes it's useful to put a color around it so you can just put a color in it just like anything else this one's. One note has a little bit different kind of kind of color scheme. Then some usually you could just color the box but you know I can make it red. You could and you could copy it to you can copy it and paste it as a picture which sometimes is useful because that kind of makes it hard coded you know. Let's do the other one just to do this one to practice this one if I and then I'll show you how to make these letters. So if I go to the insert again and I'm saying let's do another equation and then I'll do I'll do an ink equation of that one ink it out. And so we're going to say this is going to be X didn't do an X I'll make it really large because this is going to I don't want to think that this is on the top of the bottom of the other equation. So I'm going to make that big because then I've got this whole thing on the side equals and then this sign so put that right here boom. And then I'm going to put the end on top it'll kind of mush it to the side over here but I'm going to start on top. I'm going to say the end is on top now sometimes it doesn't pick that up until I do the rest of it and then the I equals one on the bottom. And then I'm going to put then X sub I over here. And so now I picked up that in on top with the X sub I so it looks good now I'm going to put the whole thing over and and so there we have it. And so I think that's what we wanted it to do. So I think that looks good. I'm going to say insert and boom there it is again it put it inside of this one which is not what I wanted it to do. But we'll keep it there for now. That's the idea. I shouldn't have put it inside here. I'm frustrated with myself. What was I thinking? What was I thinking? It still works. Okay. So then when you add these things this one's a little bit tricky because you have to put like an X and then and then add the bar so it's like a combo thing. So you've got to go to the insert item up top and then we go to let's see insert we're going to go to then the symbols and here's like the most common symbols but I'm going to go into the symbols here and say I want more symbols. And then I usually have no normal text so it doesn't do any wacky thing. Nothing weird on the text and then I'm going to go over here and say we want to be combining the data marks. Data marks. Dacritical marks. I don't know. I can't say that but anyways we want this thing over the top here so that's the one. So it's the combining overline and I'm going to say okay. Boom. And so there we have it so now you've got the X bar. All right. So then so that one's could be useful. A lot of these are going to be Greek letters so so Sigma. I think one way you can do the Sigma is you can actually type an S because it's a Greek S apparently. I'm not a Greek specialist here but and then you can put in a symbol up top or you can type in up top here. Symbol to change the font and it makes it a it makes it a Sigma. So that's one way you can do it. So that's probably the easiest way but the thing that probably comes to mind first is to enter the symbol insert symbol more symbols. And now you want the Greek stuff over here Greek and Coptic. So we're going to say that this is going to be. I already have it down here but let's see if I can find it for us up top. Done day. It's. All right. I finally found it. It's like finding what it's like finding Waldo over here or whatever. The guy with the hat and the funny striped. So here it is. Boom. So there we have that one. And so you can do that a couple different ways. And let's make that a little larger. And then sometimes you might want to have the squared so I can do the same thing. So I'm going to say insert symbol. And now it's in my favorites. So I can do a Sigma. Insert that and then to make it squared one way you can do that is you can put a two next to it. So now it changed. Hold on a sec. So then I said what I did right there is I said undo. So it tried to predict what I wanted it to do and I didn't want it to do that. So I hit undo. And so now it's just a Sigma and a two. I'm going to select that two now. Right click on it. And so it's not in the right click. You go up once you can go up to the top in the home tab. And then I want to make it a super script. So here's the one. The super script. Boom. So that puts it up top there. Now if you're in Excel you can right click and format the not the cell but just like that one thing. And if you right click on it and format it then you'll find that super script as like a check box. So that's how you can get that one. We'll see that symbol in future presentations. And then a Mu is actually a Greek M apparently. So I could choose a Greek M and I could choose make this the font as symbol and not that's not right. Symbol. And then it's not doing it. Symbol. There it is. And it changes it to a Mu. So I could do that. Or of course I can find it in my Greek letters up top. So I can go up into the insert symbol and more symbols. And now I'm in the normal text Greek and Coptic. And now I'm looking so I already have the Mu down here. But again let's see if we can find it up top for us. Another world's Waldo search because I can't I don't know my Greek alphabet. I apologize but I there it is of course. It's right there next to that thingy right there. All right. So let's insert that one. I knew that. I know what I'm talking about with the Greek alphabet. Let's make it large. And so there we have that now. So those are just some of the symbols that we'll be using when we take a look at some of our equations. And it's quite nice to be able to type out say an equation in this type of format in Excel or something like that. And then take that equation and break it out possibly in Excel like either with a function to do it quite easily in Excel. Or you can put it in like a table type of format which is quite nice. Or again you might you might it might be still valuable to break it out. You know algebraically which possibly you could do in Excel but that would be easier possibly to do still on a by hand type of process.