 Okay, here we are so we will do it in Spanish, but you have translators if you need it Bueno bienvenidos bienvenidos Welcome to this talk the purpose of which is to talk about a big challenge That is the G20 Especially here in BA and the new agenda We have a luxury panel left of me the minister of a foreign Affairs and Susanna Malcorra welcome Susanna Left of her hands Paul Birkenhead chairman of Boston Consulting Group He came especially from Germany. He's the global strategist welcome Left of him Philip Rosler Responsive regional responsible Anything that has to do with engagement of the World Economic Forum welcome and then who? Julia Pomares who is the representative of CPEC who is the center for the implementation of public policies for equity and growth We're public policy equity and other things related to growth our study Because we have 30 minutes for the whole session the idea is for you to participate I'm going to give you the floor as we move along because we don't have enough time for Too much time Let's start with the minister Asking about the challenge of this G20, Argentina. Thank you very much and thank you for organizing this meeting We definitely have bear a very group big responsibility Because we have the challenge of organizing the G20 meeting When we suggested to become candidates we knew we were taking on board a very hefty task when we received the confirmation of all of the G20 members that our proposal was being accepted We felt all of a sudden the weight on our shoulders It is indeed a very hefty job from a Logistics security and infrastructure point of view But also right now in the world to find an agenda that actually builds common spaces What we have in mind from the Argentine perspective is to work with an agenda That takes the Argentine priorities on board, of course But also to join all of Latin America to give a Latin America perspective for the G20 issues And I would also Talk about a South South perspective because it is a constructive Perspective not to split but to join that it will help us understand that some of the things that we have in Mind right now has a number has different angles or perspectives and the emerging countries perspective is important That's why we are putting so much emphasis on this meeting You know that we all have the world Trade organization meeting in December of this year We had thought That as a first step towards the G20 and now it's a real challenge. So we are Deploying a big effort to reinstate Argentina in the world In the most significant for our but also to contribute from our own standpoint a To a projection to G20 this leads me to ask mr. Gurnier Consentment on the rise. How can a G20 adapt and maintain its relevance? For for use. Yes for mr. Ruslan. Yes. Okay, so that's a good question And I guess that if you can prove that free trade Open market and fair competition is still good for the people then you have the legitimacy you will need To go ahead with some free trade agreements either on a multilateral bully on a global level or even bilateral or Interregional so there is a main issue So at the end you should create via free trade again grows in the different countries and based on the growth Hopefully jobs because that's the main question for the people on the ground and again So there's a question of legitimacy and as long as you can't live on this. So I think then you will have Some people who are certainly in favor of free trade agreements on the different levels Mr. Paul Berger and there's another question about The world that have changed since Donald Trump arrival. What do you think about that and how the agenda of G20 will change? Well, it remains to be seen. I think we are you know have resorted to tea leaf readings over the last few weeks and months and So in many newspapers you have a day-by-day Interpretation of what happened in the White House or what didn't happen and whether handshakes were done or too long and so forth I think it's I Think we just have to to see how things play out. Obviously It is important to engage with President Trump And many leaders from the world have already done so. I mean prison she will join him in Florida in I think tomorrow And so I think we just have to see how things play out and And not to read too much into some Twitter messages and so forth Things will I I'm pretty sure will work out because also it has been in the interest of the US To have the world economy moving along in a positive way and that's ultimately also Donald Trump's interest to have You know high employment in the US to have good growth And disturbing that through some rash actions is not in his interest No is an interest of the US. That's why I would I would try to Not to read too much into certain words or words that have to be been left out like in the in the Finance Minister's community K a couple of weeks ago, and we need to be Maybe not relaxed, but we should be thoughtful and Engaging in discussions, and I think over time will we'll get to the right results A little agenda Julia going to the agenda international arena that is related to G20. We are talking about populism That remains in some places in Latin America and a new economy. What is the scenario you have in mind? Well, I believe that as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was saying Argentina under the leader leading the G20 has great opportunities and the main challenge is how to Reach the trade-off between a strategic agenda that has an impact that shows that the Multilateral forum really gets some results and how to make sure that that agenda does not divide Does not generate more tensions inside the countries now this tension between strategy and focus Without generating further divisions and not splitting. That's the main challenge for Argentina I also believe there is another topic that is how do we manage for Latin America to have a more coordinated agenda? Which is a big opportunity for Argentina as the Minister was a To show a strategy together with Mexico and Brazil but with all all of the region and how to make sure that the voice of The region is heard in by the decision made in the G20 Ministry of the data last data of Venezuela and the regional world Discussed throughout the day today in the framework of the different talks. Do you think this scenario for next year will be different? When Argentina will host this G20 you mean in Latin America scenario? Yes Well to begin with we have a number of elections in the region. So that's a first step Having so much electoral activity Will have an impact on the scenario. We are going to be facing now. I believe We should look at Latin America To some extent as if We were trying to take a picture or a movie from a little like a drone Why well because sometimes we get confused between the assets the values and the opportunities of the region First I think we have to understand that the region Generally speaking is a region living in a framework of respect to Democrat democratic Institutions a region that having been for many and lengthy periods under the threat of Non-elected governments today. It is a region that respects democracy and that within and it lives within this Institutional framework, which is governance that provides for opportunities to the region one Second it is a region that has no conflicts No armed conflict in a world where there are many potential conflicts somewhere having a region without any conflicts is Significant three. It's a region when there are differences. It does have instruments to solve these Differences, so and we're doing that. It's a region with huge natural reserves We were talking about as food Safety today, which is the long-term risk food security. I mean together with water It's a region where we clearly have dealt with the topic But it can project solutions towards the rest of the world. So from that perspective I believe that when we criticize the region so much we lose sight and We do not have enough perspective with the facts This being said this leads us to believe that we will have we are in a region that has a good projection We will lead the unassure as of have mid-April it will allow us to build an agenda with a Good thing regarding the three countries represented in G20 when you find Common agenda. It's not finished yet mind you But when you finish that we believe the central axis of the agenda is labor Generating jobs that will be the main shaft. Why? Well, we believe that if we can develop a Positive agenda that can find some responses who that is found by nobody today That is a bridge constructing agenda a bridge constructing Agenda with the US China Europe the rest of the world the emerging countries in the developing country This will be merged with something else, which is education G20 has never dealt with education. We believe that here we have to Do some work linked to the job opportunities, of course, but in education both in terms of quality education system quality education and Continuous education that will be the Re-employment of people focusing very specially on gender and equal opportunities and on the education of the little girls because it has a number of consequences these two issues will be on our agenda and We will build on what China has done with Sustainable development and what Germany has done on Africa, but this will be the main gist of our work Important to include the employment Also, the education and food security in this agenda. So first let me mention it It's very encouraging to listen to you excellency as a minister But also to listen to your president this morning because now facing the incoming chair of Argentina of the G20 Gives us and the entire community two opportunities first for the first time you just mentioned it again Education is one critical point in Argentina's G20 agenda. That means job skills vocational training And that's fascinating and the best way to fight for the legitimacy you asked for before of free trade If this is part of a trade agenda second the president mentioned this morning And it was quite interesting as a president Argentina Referring to make a zoo that if we do see some let me say it of a mystic domestic focus in the US in terms of trade That is a plea for the rest Latin America to come closer together We are a stand our self at the platform for regional integration and development So use opportunity and the president himself mentioned that why do we have so many agreements like or even bodies like Mercosur and Pacific Alliance? Why don't we try to bring this together or you to bring this together to have some Identity but at the same time some trading block at the end and fostering intra regional trade Which is quite successful. So I'm coming from Germany as mr. Birkner and you know We you know the tiny country Netherlands, right and certainly China But the trade volume with Netherlands is still higher than the trade volume with China because Netherlands our direct name And that shows the success of single market So don't forget this and maybe if you talk about the different styles Mercosur and Again Pacific Alliance I think it makes a lot of sense to think through if you can use the leadership Incoming next December next year as a d20 share to push two things forward Education skills occasional training and the question of regional integration. We are ready for one question No, I'm a little jealous. It's not effective When the theme demand a quarter national when the issues require Coordination or beps The case of Syria, how do you think education? That is not a problem Of an international scale can be effective. I Talked about education, but from the viewpoint of Job opportunities what is clear is that nobody up to this time has found a Answer not even our wise friends from BCG. Nobody has found the silver bullet saying This is how we have to address and solve the problem that worries people That is my job my work in the medium and show a long term We haven't found a solution yet So we want employment labor to be The core because it's important for all of us for Argentina in particular. So we are aligning agendas But we believe that putting work labor at the center moves us away from the discussion about whether Globalization is good or bad Technology it's work labor That's at the center of our discussions What we know is that labor employment will have multiple transformations in the life of any Individual so we usually say that the education we are delivering to our children will not be useful for the work They will have to do in ten years time. So there is a fragility in the education model We have nowadays so thinking in terms of employment So we believe that that Creates an opportunity for coordination note the following I Had a bilateral meeting with Singapore with the Minister of Foreign Affairs who also met the president Singapore which is a very different country from ours has found that this issue of Destruction in employment is a big problem and they've started creating an investment model in personal accounts of their citizens aimed at retraining individuals for future work they Know that employers do not worry about the future work of other individuals because they will be elsewhere So the state has to intervene but individuals have to have the freedom to decide how they want to do that So it is one possible model Maybe it's not the only one, but we have to start discussing these issues because They lie at the core of the fragility of the continuity of labor and the great concern citizens have and it's a big challenge citizens have and Pose to their leaders. So it's in the essence of this Movement of shift towards populism and it's at the core of the fragility of the democratic system nowadays So it's key for the future and we believe we have opportunities there. I Think with all due respect the I don't think that the retraining can be done and should be done by governments I think it is a job for I didn't say that it maybe there was a translation Interpretation mistake what I said is money put in an account so the citizen knows where to assign it Okay, so maybe it was a but I think that the key really is for for people to learn to continue to learn on the job and for companies to continue Investing in its people and I think there is in many parts of the world There is an interest of the companies to do so Because they was also want to hold on to talented people But that is true if the company has a future, but what if the company is going to disappear? Well, if the company does disappear, I think the programs that we've seen the government in setting up some transfer societies to train people have not been very effective and I think You know certainly I mean jobs as you emphasize is really key I think there will be a sharing of of experience what works and what doesn't work But I think it it will be quite a different and different task across the world And what works here in Argentina will may not work in in other parts of the world and so forth So I I think we are all grappling with the situation even in China when you close down coal mines and steelworks You know what you do with these people who have lost their jobs I mean they will not become software engineers for artificial intelligence and and so Making that work. I think will be the key One of the key challenge for every country, but in very different constellations, and I fully agree with you I we also haven't found the solution yet. It will be a very big task in order to ensure a social peace Juli in this Marco, I mean summa to And in this framework what you said about institutions is important How are institutions evolving towards greater transparency, or is it just an aspiration in the region? I? think the G20 with the 2030 development objectives has a great opportunity to show progress The goals for 2030 set a clear path to show how institutions like G20 can Monitor the results the outcomes obtained in terms of development and clearly. I think that the path to Curb the tensions brought about by populism are effective in as much as there is a sustained inclusive development path and the 2030 UN agenda puts a clear goal and target and G20 can help us achieve our goals This is one of the Most dear topics The 2030 agenda was a great collective construction in the world which addressed the Substance of the matter which we're discussing today with globalization. It was called otherwise But when it said no and not leave anyone behind they were addressing precisely that core The agenda was very rich and very well built except for one aspect that is financing We felt short in that regard. We couldn't reach an agreement and the elegant way out that we Managed to achieve collectively was to say financing will take place based on public private participation It will come from an integration of value chains. It will come from Allowing the developing world to find Investments in in an infrastructure integrating chains and all that is being challenged by the discussion as regards globalization What I care about is my part and not the others So what I believe I have we have to do is to focus our 2030 agenda and the link between the 2030 agenda regarding globalization and some of its challenges because if this virtuous circle Breaks down the sustainability of the 2030 agenda will be lost So there is an additional element an additional turn that we have to take to ensure that we maintain the Sustainability of the 2030 agenda We can't hear the question My question is for the panel and for the minister in particular something that can Arise in G20 and in international discussions is in general is multilateralism at a point in time when the big powers appear to prefer bilateral relations That puts medium-sized countries at a disadvantage like Argentina. Do you consider? That is something about Which Argentina should have a position is it a question for the entire panel? Maybe the other panel members can answer before me Anyone wants to answer? What we are seeing at the G20 is that? This is an opportunity platform for talking with each other Bilaterally, you know in smaller groups and also of course in the overall large group But I think we should not and we should see this as one element and in one part of interaction that happens throughout a year Between leaders of the world now we've seen in in Florida Between President Trump and in Xi Jinping and we should not assume that everything has to be resolved within G20 I think it's good to have a common platform to get to know each other to have lots of Interaction so that people can really address issues step-by-step I think one always focuses too much on what is coming out of this G20 meeting I think it's the end of a long series of discussions preparations Argentina will will start preparing in a few months time and I think one one needs to To also understand that not all issues will have to be resolved by by all 20 I mean Argentina has not been participating very actively beforehand and It still was part of the G20 There are some certain members who have very different ideas about certain things and still you get together So let's not overload this this meeting and the G20 with too many expectations I think if people develop a good Ability to talk with each other to address certain issues and make some progress, and I think we have achieved a lot I agree I agree with what you just said about expectations Maybe the question and the issue of multilateralism applies more to our WTO meeting At the end of this year, which is an essentially multilateral environment and where we are working hard to make sure that We find the way To make the agenda move forwards So it's not So we don't reach a standstill in Multilateral trading system as regards G20. I agree G20 is not a multilateral forum It's a club of a few Countries that get together and the main purpose is the Generation of networking and personal knowledge of the various leaders because that creates a space of trust That's useful to then discuss our issues at a multilateral and bilateral level, but secondly G20 has to be able to create open-up discussions at the political level about some issues that are of the interest of all Then there will be Mechanisms established some of which should be multilateral because a G20 should be able to project and go beyond the close club And that's the reason why we are thinking about an agenda That will bring us together around a common Theme which will then be discussed in different environments One last question. I know G20 I was in Los Cabos, Mexico in 2012 and it is a challenge. I Agree minister. I have a question for all the speakers. One of the criticisms is that most outcomes are soft power They are not binding How can we make sure that the outcomes of this G20? entail more hard power and second what? Mechanisms follow-up mechanisms would you recommend as speakers? So that it's not just a conference a Single conference, but we can make sure that there is continuity. Mr. Roster. Would you would you like to answer? the G20 is a natural Grown and fast grown body, right? It started first as a finance minister meeting then it evolves into meeting of heads of state heads of government And that is the first step to have some impact on the ground because you have the most powerful people in the room The G20 heads of state heads of government. However, so given that we don't have yet an agreement So it's more that they talk about a general strategy general direction But this is also needed because if you come to concrete Contracts or treaties then you ended up like a WTO with you know long-term negotiations And it will not much faster than the question of having more protocols or even Strategic discussions among the G20 But if they address the right topics such we just heard the recent integration or maybe the question of education I think then we can have even the midterm See some impact rather than waiting for long-term Negotiation with some free trade agreements in detail among the G20 Ultima pregunta Sorry one last question I follow G20 affairs for Switzerland and as a non G20 country I would very much take a different stance from from the person that I've spoken before I hope that no hard decisions come out of G20 Ultimately is a club defined by countries defined by their size. It's not the most innovative It may be it's not the most the fastest growing maybe but it's just the size So a smaller country we are always quite quite critical and I'm very very pleased and encouraged Minister by what you were saying that that what is actually the ultimate goal is really to To build this this atmosphere of trust among the largest economies in the world. Thank you very much Excellent. So we have time for the last question. Sorry. Mm-hmm your last yes Thank you very much I am glad that you mentioned education is in the agenda as you know that United Nations define Literacy as a reading and writing but now Basically everything has been changed. We have we are living in a so much digital world and maybe our education system worldwide doesn't qualify to Basically terrain children for new era how you would address and redefine education system to do You're you're asking me the question that we are supposed to find an answer for in G20 So like look at you what I can say is that clearly clearly There is why we have a problem a central problem of jobs And that associated to that central problem We have a central problem of skills gap Against the jobs we have and more importantly the ones that we may have or we may not have in the future And that can only be bridged through Education training vocational training training on the job, etc But there is not a clear answer yet first on how we adapt to this changing Environment of jobs and joblessness and how we make sure that that gap is reduced And that is what we are thinking about putting on on the table and again with a view that first is From the perspective of our citizens is what is at the heart of their concerns So we feel that it would be a way to reflect in G20 at G20 lever the most senior leadership in the world things that are close to the heart of our people But second we collectively do not have an answer to it So that's why we feel it will be a conducive agenda that should allow us to come together And nobody can disagree with education as a key topic Absolutely We had started with a trigger that was how Anti-globalization sentiment that's been growing worldwide and how G20 could adapt and maintain its relevance in a context Where there's increasing anti-globalization sentiment, but we dealt into the in-depth agenda employment longer-term food security a Group of countries nobody quantified it that accounts for almost eighty five percent of World-wide GDP it's not just any group at the one that sets the upcoming agenda for that eight the 85% of GDP for those that are outside of that and The word that sounded most regardless of the roles and the various roles we have here Transparency food security employment, but also education that was a key word an agenda that did not used to have Education as its main focus, but fortunately This will be our the priority when we host the G20 meeting in Argentina. Thank you