 Targeted muscle re-innovation, TMR, is a surgical procedure used to treat neuropathic pain caused by amputation or other trauma. The procedure involves cutting the sensory nerve fibers from the amputated limb and connecting them to the remaining healthy muscles in the patient's body. This allows the patient to feel sensations in their remaining limbs, which helps reduce the pain associated with the amputation. TMR is typically performed by experienced surgeons who have undergone specialized training. This article was authored by Kyle R. Eberlin, M.D., David A. Brown, M.D., Ph.D., R. Glenn Gaston, M.D., and others.