 Fyda'n gweithio'r cyllidol ymgyrch, ac mae'n gweithio'n gwneud i ddweud o'ch gweithio'n gweithio'r cyllidol i gael gweithio cyllidol o'ch minyol. Rwy'n mynd i'n dechrau'r ddweud o fewn o'r panellydd ymlaen i'r ffocos cyllidol. Mae'n ddweud i'r ddweud o fewn o ddweud o fewn o dechrau a fwg ddweud o fewn o'r cyllidol. Access is the Alliance of CSOs for Cleaner Energy Access. It's a coalition of civil society organisations that are coming together to learn, share best practice in terms of delivery, and also in terms of better policy and engagement at national and international policy levels. The focus of the Access event was on productive uses of energy. This is really upping the ante in areas where the grid can't reach, providing higher levels of electrification so that rural economies can really thrive. The second event was run by UNDP as part of the Jeff Small Grants programme, and many of the small grants that the programme give out also have a productive uses focus, and are bridging energy services across households, small scale businesses, and community level services like health and education. The focus on the discussion there was really how to maximise impacts of these types of projects, as well as measure those impacts. There were three key messages that came out of these two events. The first was that energy access for productive uses can create these economic opportunities in rural economies, and really boost resilience. But there needs to be a much more cross cutting and holistic approach to delivering these energy services. I'd like to just illustrate what that means with two examples from some of the work that IID and partners have been doing. The first is a programme of work that IID has been doing with CAFOD, a national level partners, called the energy delivery model approach. This is looking at local level planning that is much more inclusive, and builds energy services around development based needs. It starts with the impact end of the needs such as, for example, improving the income of a coffee farmer, that works back from there using planning tools with local stakeholders to really understand what the problem is, and to be delivering not only the energy service, but the other components in there that are non-energy related at the same time that are required to solve the problem. The idea with this is that it also helps to build local trust, knowledge, understanding and buy-in. The second piece of work that we've been doing is with HEVOS in Tanzania, the energy change lab, and this is bringing together stakeholders in a multi-stakeholder type platform at the national level to really think about some of these sector-wide issues that cross-cut into other sectors such as agriculture and fisheries, and looking at some of those sector-wide problems, then prototyping, experimenting on solutions on the ground. Now, within the energy space, one of the key things in Tanzania at the moment are productive uses through, for example, local microhydro, and there's a big opportunity for developers, private sector developers to be putting in installations for these, but one of the issues that they face is really building that demand for business use in very poor areas. One of the things that the lab is looking at is how you really build local business support services and provide finance for those types of services so that businesses can develop and start using the electricity as the services rolled out. The second key message is around nationally determined contributions, or NDCs, which are a hot topic at COP. Many of the NDCs are beginning to include energy access, but it's very much focused at household level and very low levels of electrification, so that's for basic lighting services. So we see that there's a real need to be upping the ante with this and including those productive use type services within the NDC definitions. The third area is that the energy sector more than many other sectors tends to be quite top-down and quite focused on infrastructure and grid extension is part of that. What we're seeing with access, which is bringing together all of the CSOs, now 58 members across sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, expanding rapidly, is that there's a real need for inclusion of, first of all, civil society organisations as part of delivery because they're trusted agents within the last mile, but also that these multi-stakeholder platforms that I mentioned earlier, which are really important for these sorts of problem-solving, traditionally haven't really included CSOs in anything more than token consultation. So there's a need for a much more meaningful inclusion of civil societies and the creation of these types of multi-stakeholder platforms.