 This study found that there are two distinct pliotropic effects of omega, three fatty acids on type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM. Increasing omega, three fatty acids levels decrease T2DM risk through decreasing insulin resistance, while increasing T2DM risk through decreasing beta cell function. These findings suggest that omega, three fatty acids may have a complex relationship with T2DM, and further research should consider this complexity when studying the association between omega, three fatty acids and T2DM. This article was authored by Chen Yenghu, Yulin Zhu, Zhu Yanwu, and others.