 Good afternoon sir. Good afternoon ma'am. Please sit down. Thank you sir. So Ms. Walling. Yes sir. You did your physics, B.S.C. in physics in 2018. Yes sir. What have you been doing after that? Sir, I have been preparing full time for the civil services. So is this, how many times have you appeared for the civil services? This is my third time sir. Your third time? Yes sir. And your interview? This is my first time. Your first interview? Yes sir. So why are you so keen on joining the civil services? Sir, I have been inspired by a lot of civil services in my place. And I also believe that the civil services provides a lot of diversity and resources. And it also provides a good opportunity for career development as well. And it focuses on the grassroots level as well. So I am keen on joining the civil services. Good. Ms. Walling, as I look at, you belong to Mokokcung. Yes sir. Okay. But you studied in Shillong and then Delhi. Yes sir. Okay. Do you know of Mokokcung? Sometimes back used to be called Paris of the East. Have you heard of it? Sir, I am sorry. I am not aware of that. There was a time when the best of passion, you know, to come to Mokokcung. Okay sir. Okay. So that is very important place. And we have an insurgency which is going on in Nagaland. Okay. Which are the main insurgent groups which are operating in Nagaland? Sir, at the moment there is NSC and IM. Which is in talks with the government. And there is another group, Naga National Political Group, which consists of seven armed groups together. So these two are the main. And besides that, there is NSC and Kaplang faction as well. So these are the main groups in the state. So which group is negotiating with the government of India? Sir, currently now it is the NSC and IM which is negotiating. And besides that the NNPGs. And do you think application of something called Armed Forces Special Powers Act? Is it required for Nagaland or it should be removed from Nagaland? Sir, I believe that since the government has withdrawn from some of the districts of the state partially and some in some districts fully. I believe that in order to bring peace to the state as well as to gain the trust of the people in the state. And given the fact that talks are already going on with the insurgent groups. I believe that the withdrawal is a step in the right direction. And it can garner greater trust among the people. We have a history of sports. A large number of sports persons coming from North East. Yes, sir. Isn't it? Yes, sir. Let's say tomorrow you got a chance to make some policy to develop sports in the country. And North East becomes one of the focus. How will you tap the potential of the North East to improve sports in the country? Sir, first of all, students in schools should be given more opportunity to explore their talents, especially in sports. This can be done through interstate or in the district competitions from where we can draw the talents. Second of all, we can also provide scholarship. The government is already providing some scholarship under KLO India. I believe that this is the right step. And third of all, in order to bridge the sports sector among different parts of the country. I believe that focus on sports such as football or sports where it's popular among the North Eastern youth, this could bridge the gap. Okay. But some people have the view that unless you are not some marks specific for sports, people are not going to take sports as a mainstream. What are your views for this? Sir, I believe that since the education system in our country is such that it gives a lot of importance on marks, we can also try to assess in that direction. However, I believe that encouragement of an awareness among the parents as well to nurture the children. That's okay. But I just want to give marks. Can a system, is a system adequate enough to cater to this requirement? Pardon, sir? Is a system or educational system. Does it have any provisions? If it doesn't have any provisions, can you introduce certain provisions for giving marks to the sports people? Sir, I'm not fully aware of provisions for sports on marks. But I believe that encouraging through marks can also open up. Have you got to the new education policy, national education policy? Yes, sir. What are the provisions for sports persons there? To increase sports, there is a special provision there in the national education policy. Sir, I'm not fully aware. That's okay. Thank you. Thank you, sir. Compliments to you. Thank you, sir. The stage of personality test. Thank you, sir. In Meghalaya, they say that women work harder. Am I right? Sir, it's both ways I feel. I feel both genders, men and women, women work hard in Meghalaya. No, I said they work harder. There is a difference. Sir, in my personal experience, I've seen that both work the same. Who was St. Stephen? Who was St. Stephen's college? Yes, sir. Who was the St. Stephen in this? Sir, according to my knowledge, St. Stephen's was named after the patrons who were first persecuted in the country. The Christian patrons, missionaries who first came to the country. This also has a reference to the story of a saint named St. Stephen's in the Bible. So they drew this connection and named the college in the name. What is the distinction between classical mechanics and quantum mechanics? For Lehmann, how will you explain? Sir, classical mechanics states that we can determine a particular position at a particular time accurately. But in quantum physics, the principle of uncertainty comes in where we cannot determine the state of a particle at the correct velocity or at the correct position. So there has to be some compromise in order to determine the position or either the velocity. This quantum mechanics can be applied to, say, running the railway engine of Indian railways. Sir, yes, we can apply. Just give an instance of what would you gain after that. Sir, you apply Newton's law of motion. Yes, sir. You get the acceleration alone. Where exactly you put the quantum? Sir, actually it is applicable to very low dimensions, very small dimensions. Like the orbits of hydrogen atoms around the nucleus. Yes, sir. Because at that level the quantum mechanics becomes important. Yes, sir. For bigger things like railway engine or that kind of thing. Yes, sir. What would be German's contribution in, say, 20s, 30s, early 40s in Europe? German's contribution. German people's contribution or scientist's contribution. Give some instances if you know. Sir, I am not really sure about Einstein's... Einstein was German, no doubt. The greatest scientist. Yes, sir. Who else? Einstein, no, no, no, of course. Sir, I am not... He discovered neutron. Neutron. Sir, I am unable to recall. I am sorry. The principle you said, the uncertainty... Yes, sir. If I am not wrong. That is neutron now. Yes. But it was Heisenberg uncertainty. Oh, yes, yes. Heisenberg was it. Yes. Okay. China has been colonizing in a very special way. Can you guess how? Sir, it is investing through infrastructure with its policy of Belt and Road Initiative, creating a debt trap for different states. Do you have examples of a few countries? Sir, a few countries as such would be Sri Lanka. Yes. With Hamban to the port. Second? Second would be... There are many countries. Yes, sir. Okay, what would be the quantum of Chinese loan to different countries? There are about 165 countries to move. It has advanced loan. And surprisingly, it advances loans to such countries which are not eligible under the World Bank or IMF. Okay, sir. Otherwise they will not go to China. So, what would be the quantum of China? Sir, I am not aware of the total quantum. Okay. Have you heard of Chinese loan to Myanmar? Sir, I am not... In your neighbor? Yes, sir. I am not fully well aware. No. No, I am not. How do you capture China? I think the way it has been creating India, no matter. Yes, sir. Sir, we can improve our border infrastructure. The government is already investing a lot on border infrastructure. Second would be through dialogue. Even though there are differences between the two countries and through trade relations, I feel that even though we have differences, trade should not be neglected. We can take comparative advantages of where we can tackle China in trade. Such as? Such as... Since Chinese are very adept in manufacturing sector, we can make use of services sector as well. How do you tackle China there? He tackles us actually there. Sorry, sir. It is China which makes advantage of their manufacturing power. Yes, sir. So he is tackling us, not we. Sir, I believe that through services. Since India... You are not referring to the defense prepared this other than infrastructure? Yes, sir. What about our missile system? We bought it from the S-400 from Russia. On that front, will you work? To what extent? Or that will not give any return? Sir, I believe that it will give some returns. I believe that the defense infrastructure can boost our hard power as well. Okay, thank you. You come from Nagaland, it is known in the land of festivals. How many festivals do you have? Ma'am, there are a lot of festivals. The most prominent? The most prominent would be the Hornbill Festival. Have you participated? No, unfortunately I have not been able to participate. In sociology, who is known as the father of Indian sociology? The father of Indian sociology would be GS Kure. What was he famous for? Ma'am, he focused on Indology, studying sociology from an Indian perspective. Through Indian texts, so I believe that was his contribution. In the last 20 years, what were important developments in sociology? Ma'am, I am not able to... What about critical analysis of the localization? Yes ma'am. In physics, who got the Nobel Prize in 2021? Ma'am, I am not able to recall the name. Who is the only woman who won two Nobel Prizes? Ma'am, I think it would be Mary Curie. Any Indian who won the Nobel Prize in physics? Yes ma'am. CV Raman for his theory on Raman scattering. You want to join the foreign service? Yes ma'am, that's my second preference. What do you know of the foreign service? What attracts you to it? Ma'am, it gives a wide platform for civil servants to engage with other nations and to portray India's national interests abroad and to engage with its diaspora. Over the 70 years, what have you seen? What can you tell me about the highlights of India's foreign policy? Ma'am, first would be non-aligned movement. That's for about 20 years, right? Second would be its new relations with the US, post the US-India civil nuclear deal. Currently, India is also trying to maintain a good relationship with both the West and the East. No specific strategy. Many strategy considerations, neighbourhood policy, outreach to parties. Now, what do you know about India and Bhutan's bilateral relations? Ma'am, from what I know, India is a very important partner for Bhutan and Bhutan as well for India. It shares cultural ties and religious ties as well. Yes ma'am, strategic ties. The chicken neck corridor which connects the rest of the country to the Northeast. Now, anything significant that happened with the re-India-Bhutan region in the recent past? Ma'am, the recent issue would be the Doklam crisis. Thank you ma'am. Could you tell me five most important issues pertaining to Indian women in order of priority? First would be gender violence or women's safety. Second would be gender pay cap, difference in gender pay. Okay, gender pay gap. Third would be with respect to representation in political sphere. Fourth would be women's education and awareness. And fifth would be with regard to gender health, women's health. Alright, so what are the laws or policies regarding protection of women from violence? Sir, can you please… What are the laws or policies of gender regarding protection of women from violence? Sir, there have been laws which prohibit social evils such as dowry or rape and… Which is the law? Is there any specific law for protection of women from dowry? Yes sir, there is a dowry prohibition act. Okay, and from rape? Sir, I am unable to recall the correct law. Any other law for protection of women from domestic violence? Sir, I am unable to recall the law. Alright, there was a committee which was set up by government sometimes back to suggest certain changes in law regarding rape and other, you know, offenses dealing with the outrage in the modesty of women. Could you name the committee? Who headed the committee? Sir, I am not aware, I am sorry. You are not aware. What are Invictus games? Invictus. Invictus. Games. Have you heard this name? Sir, is this with respect to games where injured or sick military veterans can participate in the games? Yes, yes. Where they have been recently held or are just going on. Sir, I am not aware of that. What are the parallel games known as in US? Sorry sir. What are the parallel games known as in US? What is the name given to these games in US? Sir, I am not aware. Why do you call it Invictus games? Sir, I believe the word Invictus means unconquered. Yes. It means to show that even though we have certain disadvantages and injuries, we can still participate. There was a poem called Invictus. Do you know who wrote it? No sir, I am not aware. And one of the words, a very important leader was very fond of this poem. I am sorry sir, I will read upon it. You are not aware. Thank you. Ms. Walling, have you heard of this term which is being used called Act East Policy? Yes sir. What is this Act East Policy? Sir, the Act East Policy is to connect India with its Southeast Asian neighbors. It focuses on cultural relations, trade relations and connectivity. And it focuses on development of the Northeast along with the development of the relations with the Southeast countries. What are the schemes? Have you seen any development taking place in your state in Nagaland? Sir, road connectivity or anything else? Sir, recently the government has tried to construct a road in Avaco which is in fake district. It is trying to connect with the neighboring country Myanmar. In other states such as Manipur, connection from Moray to Myanmar. And with regard to multi-modal, Kalada and multi-modal transport, it connects the rest of India from Kolkata to Myanmar and from there to Mizoram. So why do you call it multi-modal? Sir, it is called multi-modal because it makes use of different modes of transport such as waterways. From Kolkata to Sidvi port. Sidvi port by sea. Then from Sidvi to I am not able to recall the correct city. And what is the name of the river? Sir, I am not able to recall. Kaladaan river. That takes you to Kalpaleta and from there by road to Mizoram. Which town and Mizoram is connected to this? Sir, if I am pronouncing it correctly it will be Longtree. You check up on this. Now tell me, when Donald Trump was the US president, he tried to bring the Middle East countries, some of them, closer to Israel. And there was a series of accords called the Abraham Accords. Have you heard about that? Yes. What were these? Sir, it tried to mend the relationship of the Arab countries with Israel. Countries such as Saudi Arabia, UAE and Bahrain tried to connect with Israel. Yeah, UAE and Bahrain. Yes, sir. And then subsequently, two other countries joined? Sir, Qatar. Sudan and Morocco. They also as part of the Abraham Accords. Yes, okay sir. Now you, of course, you listened to podcasts but related issue of films. Yes. No, did you follow the Oscars? Sir, I have not followed it diligently. No, but did you know which movie got the Best Picture Award or who was the best actor or actress? Sir, from what I know, the Best Picture was awarded to Koda and Best Actor Award was given to Will Smith. Will Smith. Yes sir. You watch his movies or you don't? Sir, I have not watched his movies. Okay, okay, fine. Now let me ask you one more thing. Sir, the Supreme Court has given two judgments relating to women who were wanting to join the armed forces to facilitate their stay there. What were these judgments? Any idea? Sir, it allows women to join the Permanent Commission. That is one, Permanent Commission. And then can they sit for the India now or not? Sir, I am not very sure about that. Okay, right. So, we end your mock interview. Yes. And I will give you a feedback. You are doing well. Ms. Walling, you are doing well. You are very poised. You are able to speak in a very measured tone. These are your plus points. Now what we find is that normally for these UPSC interviews, you may get questions from your DAF. Yes sir. Or from current affairs. Yes sir. So now your DAF, your optional subject was sociology. So, you know, questions relating to sociology, you know, what is sociology? It is a science of what does it do? How does it help society who have been the good, you know, the known sociologists in India and abroad? So just brush up on this. Yes. You do not have very much time because you have got 10 days left for your interview. And certainly, northeast, you are aware of your own state, Nagaland. But, you know, things, what are the issues in Manipur? What are the issues in Assam particularly? You know, there are so many of these insurgent movements and the government has been able to come out with various accords. You know, they have had an accord with the Bordos, with the Karbi Anglongs, right? Then the brew issue has been sorted out. So just be aware of what has been happening in the northeast because a lot of plus points are there in the northeast, right? So just brush up on that. And then of course, since your BSc was in physics, so naturally some questions on your own subject. You are asked certain issues relating to your college itself, St. Stephen's. So how does it get the name? And you know, it is one of the most prestigious colleges in Delhi. So, no harm in doing a little bit more, right? Then, you know, you have given your hobbies, you read non-fiction books. So what kind of authors do you prefer? Which is the latest book which you have read? What did you think about the book? A critical analysis? Be prepared for these kind of issues. You play the piano. What kind of songs? Western or Indian or your local from Nagaland. And you know, who are the great Indian pianists? These kind of things. And you listen to podcasts. You know, what kind of podcast you listen to? What do you gain by that? How is it helpful? That kind of, so be prepared to answer these kind of issues. The other area is, you know, general knowledge, current affairs. So read a newspaper, very religiously. From now for the next 10 days, you spend many hours reading the newspaper so that you are abreast of what is happening in the country. You know, our equation with China, our relationship with Pakistan, our relationship with what is happening in Sri Lanka, what is the internal issues which are taking place within the country. And you know, some of these important enactments like the NRC and the Citizenship Amendment Act, its impact in the Northeast, Assam was opposed to it, the ASU was opposed to it. What was the reason for that? Internationally, since you've given foreign service as your second option. So, you know, what is happening in Europe, what is happening in the US? I think elections are taking place in France. Probably by the time of your interview, I think they would be over. 24th is the second round. So, you know, there's a right-wing movement which is coming up in Europe. So, these are, and it's all being reported in the newspapers. So, read that very, very carefully. Follow whatever is happening there. Otherwise, you're doing well. And we wish you all the very best. Thank you, sir. Yes, sir, can I please ask a question? Sir, with respect to China, how should I have answered, structured my answer or more points? I would say that only way to tackle a country like China is to enhance your defence capability. Some steps have been taken but are not enacted. For example, one good thing that has happened in India is the nuclear deterrent has been created. So, Pakistan and China will think several times before attacking on the nuclear front. But on other fronts, our army has to be modernised on many fronts. China is doing very well but we have an advantage. We have fought several wars after 62. China has done well. You have an advantage but you have to convert this advantage by preparing India very, very well. There much has to be done. Thank you, sir. Anything else? Thank you, sir. Thank you, madam. Thank you, madam. All the best. Thank you, sir.