 We hebben een praat gegeven en we hebben de naam voor het ook gevolgen gebruikt. Deze praat is originaly door mijn collega Rudolf van der Berg gebracht. Hij zei dat hij hier niet zou zijn, maar hij is hier, dus Rudolf, please stand up. Hij deed de meeste werk en hij gaat in een paar dagen in de United States van Amerika Ik weet niet hoe slecht het is wat ik ga vertellen. Wie weet wat een voet over LTE is? Heel veel handen. De tweede vraag, is er een Amerikaanse of Canadiens in de ruimte? Nee, dat is niet zo. Want ik zou een interessant vraag vragen. De vraag hier is, moeten we de schuld stoppen om 2G, 3G te save leven? Het belangrijkste punt is, op de eerste van juli, AT&T in de United States had stoppen met 2G, 3G. En hij werkt nu met een voet over LTE, over 4G. En dit is de eerste grote land, een echt groot land die heeft dat gedaan. Het belangrijkste punt hier is dat er een laag van standardisatie in de voet over LTE is. Dat heeft voor iedereen gesproken, omdat je de handen op de originele 2G en 3G volgen. Dus de meeste mensen zijn niet ervaring van, totdat je schuurt. Dit is de presentatie. Er zijn ook een paar slijgen met achtergrondmateriaal. Er is niet een site waar we kunnen uploaden. Maar ik heb gekeken dat we een URL in de beschrijving kunnen maken. Dus we hebben het gezet daar. Rudolf heeft al 2 keer de presentatie gegeven. En hij heeft al slijgen op internet en op accounten. Maar hier. Dit is effectief een call. A call to everybody who is currently involved here in MCH 2020, who is looking at its fire streaming. The call for everybody who is currently doing some work on voice over LTE, which is the voice application that would run over the data network. Who work for a telecom operator, an MVNO, a mobile virtual network en NABLER. That's supporting handsets. And what we also have IMS platform builders. The reason is, if you also maybe already have bumped into issues you could share to wish, and we can be a little confidential. But we also have a call for people who work for emergency services or who are in the car industry and working on e-call. That is a car making a call to emergency service when you have a collapse or a crash. We have put it up a bit in the Netherlands now and also at the European Commission. But most countries aren't aware that this is coming and effectively is now starting to happening. You can contact my colleague Rudolf van der Berg, who just waved his hand. En of myself and I am the last one. Go to the meet. The reason is 30 years ago about 2G started really starting to do the first field trials and has been done with a lot of industry cooperation and they have been quite a success. So much a success that even in the United States a number of operators moved from the American standards to the European. And it effectively has delivered global roaming and you can use 2G, 3G, especially when 3G came to Japan. Also came compatible nearly everywhere. And the key ideas were original GSM, 3G, UMTS, SIM cards, built in emergency call number. In Europe is 112, but in America is 911. And it works with every operator even without subscription. This is all going to the drain now with voice of LTE 4G and it wasn't discovered because devices fall back to 2G 3G mode. If you are moving now into the United States in your AT&T you get a welcome, welcome your roaming on AT&T. Due to network technology incompatibility this is meant voice of LTE compatibility. Traditional voice calls will not work. Please use data, SMS and app based calling. We going to explain that in a number of countries SMS also doesn't work, which is nice if you do two factor authentication with SMS but Swedish can't get his SIM working in the USA. France is an operator, Iliad, and they got a choice. Either get data roaming with AT&T or for a subset of their users voice roaming would work and data roaming. So they chose one. There are some URLs on it but now T-Mobile was initially stating it would also shut down but it shut down. It's 3G in the USA, it still has some 2G working but T-Mobile USA is not the best coverage operator so it become an adventure. Why is Swedish not working? It turns out their country is too small to start up roaming testing. It's broken effectively. It's for Dutch people broken, Germans, British we start to get all kinds of messages from people after the first post on LinkedIn and all the platforms were made by Rudolph. Can't call SMS and internet works. My calling doesn't work. I can only call via T-Mobile. I have my bundle but it doesn't work. There has been some media coverage now starting in May-June but it's really beginning in Germany. There is also some about photo phone customers who have problems. There is already warning going out. There is a wireless telecom association. They are warning what can be done and there is voice and 4G LT without roaming capability. Voice service including emergency calls in AT&T won't work for Canadians always and there is no impact on data service. Data roaming has been done and 4G was interested and reasonably well tested but the voice app was secondary. Here is the real issue coming up. Consumers can't see it. Apple decided to see incompatibilities, varieties, options and it was too complex to do some shortcuts and also to ignore some settings. iPhone mostly works if you are buying a Samsung S20 for 5G so quite modern device. The devices when you do work the ones with an N don't. So even the type of device you have doesn't say what works, what doesn't work. There are some painful settings. Where is this coming from? This is coming from deals. Deels between handset manufacturers and big operators who buy a bunch of handsets. So the first guideline is don't travel. If you want to do something with 40 and with 112 calling, take an iPhone because Apple neglects some settings use the biggest mobile network in your country because then maybe the roaming is fixed earlier because AT&T looks at the size of the nations where they can do roaming and they started with the largest countries in the world. Buy a new phone because old phones aren't updated probably anymore. You should live in a big country. Sweden is too small. Netherlands is just at the edge. Stay at home and stay with the network and use post-paid. The reason is we also ran into details that mobile virtual network operators also probably because they don't use handsets seems to have been blacklisted, whitelisted in some of the chipsets in mobile phones to get it working. So if you're using a mobile virtual network operator who doesn't buy a big chunk of handsets from a major handset manufacturer chance is low that you get things working. There is an issue with emergency calling and why are we pushing the emergency calling line in European telecoms regulation the real one item that's still a stick in the hands of politicians and regulators is the 112 emergency calling. If you don't have that working you can be hit out quite hard by politics. But nobody was aware of it. This is only presented by Rudolph in the late of April to the European Emergency Number Association and most of them were completely flabbergasted and shocked that this was coming, this train. But this is what in Germany for the phone puts out no truth meet voyage over LTE. So what's the issue? It's not backwards compatible with the old course of circuit switching. There are more than 700 LTE networks 232 of a voice over LTE in 106 markets. Slightly more than 50 have roaming agreements. Having roaming agreement there was a few days ago an announcement of the Slovakian telecom operator they have four international roaming agreements. So maybe Denmark doesn't work so if you're going to travel from Slovakia on your holiday to Denmark your voice over LTE might not work. Still currently everywhere in Europe tends to fall back to 2G3G so most people don't discover it yet. But we want in Europe also to shut it down Some testing, Bundesnet's Arkanthul has done some testing and about 50% of the German SIM cards are on phones that can't use voice over LTE. And still we see the announcements that 2G3G network will be shut down in 2025. So this has now started to air There is a body, the GSM association and the problem is they put out profiles but it says this is non-binding permanent reference documents. So it's non-binding. The next, the remote season was on 18 July I checked it yesterday evening like if what we stated here was still correct but they haven't changed it yet. They have discussed that they have said your end-user device must support both IPv4 and IPv6 and a set of protocols. The point is not all networks do both. You might be on an IPv6 network and going to run an IPv4 and somewhere your device doesn't flip. Because there are some intricacies. So the texts are not quite right. People are starting to point their fingers to each other. They should do the change. They should make the change. Some regulators have not been aware of this so in the Netherlands Voice Over LTE and Voice Over Wifi was for emergency service implemented lots of pressure from the regulators and now incompatibilities are going to break it again. The GSM association says the shutdown is coming soon. They say sometimes 2G going down 3G is not always perfect. Sometimes an operator shuts down 3G a network operates still 2G or fights versa. But the idea is now America and parts of Asia starts to happen and Europe. Why is this an issue? We've gotten a message back from an IT manager who was in holiday in India and he was in an area where there was only 4G coverage. He got an emergency and to log in remotely from his holiday address. He had 2-factor authentication and the 2-factor came to him via SMS. It doesn't work anymore. So he couldn't log in. So it hits more than you think. Now I'm hitting out. So who needs to act? You can act and start to raise alarm also in your own country. Contact members of parliaments. Talk to telcos if they are aware of it. Not all of them. Talk to manufacturers. There are some standard organizations. Manufacturers go further than, say, the device ones. Chipset manufacturers have sometimes influenced tool and settings. So it's really the entire industry which is screwing up. The government, yes, shutdowns have been announced in most countries. They should stop. There is some suspicion by us that there is antitrust mechanisms going and working. There are some firms. Business favoritism. So maybe they are starting to collapse the entire mobile market structures in countries by technical means. And you should demand that it should be interoperable. It has been working for decades with 2G 3G. This is a screw up. And demand. So the demand global access is effectively enforceable by law. But key point for governments is that they also should start verifying and testing which they don't do because the market solves everything today. This same applies for telecom operators. And many of them will now need testing and aid and knowledge. And it can go down really to device versions even if things work. Especially if there are some tricks like whitelisting, certain mobile network codes, and others not. It can be very tricky because everything seems to work. Most extreme case I have heard was someone who had an Android phone didn't get the voice of an LCA working, took out a SIM card, put it in an iPhone, got it working. Put the SIM card out, put it back in the Android, it works. So there are a lot of issues going on. But there is a lot of test and fixing and testing needs. It's currently a month needed to test and fix. That's because it's so complex. Effectively the standard voice should collapse all these options into a simple set of profiles. Apple did it a bit, but Apple effectively just neglects some settings. It is very problematic if you want to use that part of field in the protocols. Because suddenly you can discover that Apple doesn't work anymore well as you expected. The key issue is operators and telecom operators, especially such start to save the sharehold model and compliance issues should be avoided. But this is pan-European and effectively a phone bought in Sweden might work in Sweden and then brought to the Netherlands might not work anymore here, but an operator here. So burner phones, I don't know how they will do it soon in the future. The first presentation was given late April by the European Emergency Numbering Association, IEENA. They were quite surprised. AT&T effectively continued shutdown. We have contacted some people in the United States, a consumer advocate in the telecom specialist. He went to the FCC commissioners, the Democrats, they weren't interested. Thank you very much. It's quite well in time. I'm going to have some questions for you now. We have the Dutch government taking action. We had been inquiries for parliaments to the ministry. They are now trying to set up a first meeting on the issue in September 2022, but not every operator, not every MVNO, not every MVNA is aware of it already, that this is really a problem in the screw up. There were some off the records messages, like emergency calls to USA. What makes it different if you call 911 in the USA, you end up somewhere in a state. In the voice of LTE, it will be directed by the core here of your home operator and he uses the GPS coordinates given to him to know in which state you are. Not everything is already working in that realm too. There are really complexities and complexities coming up. Outbound roaming, inbound roaming. E-call worked in cars because GSM worked. This wasn't quite probably known or isn't still known in the car industry, how it's just screwed up just when it's introduced. There will be now some... I have some slides, more or less explaining how bad things are and some final slides where we are. But I have also space and room for questions from the room. So I can do the backgrounders, but I can also do the questions. Are there people who want to ask a question? Yeah. And then ask the question. Okay, hi. Thanks for the talk. Like if you take the SIM card out of your UE in let's say US where they sat down the 2G and 3G networks. So does that make it easier for the emergency call to go out using the Volty network? Is it only dependent on the UE implementations of the Volty stack? Can you give rid of the microphone? Okay, you answer it on the microphone. Yes, so I'm the weird guy who looked some of this up first. So in theory anonymous calls should work over Volty except that when I talk to Volty testers they tell me that well, you know, on T-Mobile they had an issue that T-Mobile sent the wrong codes for an emergency call and it needs to send I think a 380 and it sends a different code. And so when they complained to T-Mobile like you guys, you're sending the wrong code so our phone isn't processing the code correct for an emergency call, the response came well, it works on an iPhone. So they checked on the line what the iPhone did and basically the iPhone just ignores the entire packet and error code and just looks if there's a server address in there and tries to make a call to the server. And if that works, well, then you have an emergency call, brilliant. There's other stuff in the packet that might need checking. No, it works. So basically that was T-Mobile U.S. solution. If you just ignore whatever we send you and just take whatever you can use to make an emergency call you should be fine. AT&T does IPv4 on its normal Volty network but somehow did IPv6 on its emergency calling network not every phone understood that it needed to do a context change for emergency calls. Plus there are some folks who go like, well, the GSMA standard says both networks need to do IPv4 or the network needs to do both IPv4 and IPv6. I have checked, it only does IPv6. That's wrong, that's not per the standard. It should do both, so I won't do an emergency call. That is a bit too strict an interpretation of the standard. The GSMA could have fixed that. It didn't, hasn't yet. And so this is the kind of shit that we're running into and that's why I'm getting annoyed. If this was just about voice calling and it's not my problem, you know, it's telco shooting themselves in the foot and killing roaming revenues, et cetera. Well, you know, what else is new? We've been seeing that for decades. But because this is emergency calling and I really want to be able to dial 9-1-1 or 1-1-2 when somebody is in trouble. And this is a European right and it should work in every European country as we all agreed in 1991. That's why I get annoyed. And thanks, Hendrik, for doing the talk because I wasn't supposed to come, but it was still awesome. Okay. Are there some other questions? No, okay. I can give some few examples about how bad things are and how disastrous it is. Every example makes it more painful. So a kind piece that you should get the emergency calling and working for 1-1-2 and so on. And effectively it's in the law so you can even call your parliamentaries to just maintain the law. But your operators don't have an argument but how they break it. Also, this is not a phone compatible with our network. It's a bit difficult to maintain and we have also put it into consumer organizations in Europe. They have in some countries been to supreme courts about back older device updating by suppliers. This might be a next run for the same issue because not every judge got that quite issue why it was the issue. Students have been a problem but effectively for quite some years they didn't look at it and they weren't called on because you had the full bags. There is a number of issues who are effectively have to go in consumer authorities commission even. It's also fine if you have worked for a company and your executive is going to travel to the USA next week and you're buying phone service for him. The firmwares, this was really the surprise white list should never have been there who got that ID is very peculiar. And of course, then you'll get why do they screw this up. Many people, many around. All kind of visions, no choices. And it was a side issue and it was a side issue en now it isn't anymore. And then the real problem we've seen this with SPAM about 15 years ago. There are some people in commercial departments who think a bit different about this. Want to link things about sales of new devices, sales, new equipment. And so if you're going from with the same device to another operator maybe it doesn't work. Well, yeah, that's effectively not the way it should work. But it's needing a lot of testing. There are some issues with IP version 4 and IP version 6 and I let it sink in a bit. Blacklisted and whitelisted handsets, chipsets, manufacturers. So even the device manufacturers point to broadcom or to Qualcomm as being the culprit. Back to standardisation. This is the revolting and I am in the last minutes, yeah. That's quite a... It should be done right. There should be a lot of testing and effectively figuring out what's working, what's not working, why it's not working is needed for the coming years. It should work everywhere but it certainly not isn't working in this way. 5G doesn't call us to save you because it is an issue of IMS and in the software layer. It's not about the radio interface. So that's why you have the problem and of course it would save lives and we plead for a stop on 2G, 3G shutdowns before this isn't fixed because that will be very dangerous and effectively it is. Nou, I put up... This was my own slide where I can be contacted and this is root of what you're seeing here. Thank you very much.