 So, shall we start, somebody outside are there anybody outside. So, very good morning, can you hear me, this is my mic on, can you hear me a very good morning. So, this program is being streamed all over the country, we hope that people are switching on their laptops or computers or mobiles and watching it, could you just start that. We also have centers, you must be knowing, we also have centers in US and Britain, so I think we will start with a movie or a sort of visual which will set, no, the earlier one. Set the winter ambience, not the winter of India, yeah, winter of Boston and please pay attention to the music, if you can hear, can you, no, can you just, I think it's Okay, I hope some of you must be knowing about this music. This is a very famous music by Vivaldi called Four Seasons, so he has winter, summer, autumn, no, spring, winter, spring, summer, autumn, so out of which this winter is the one that, so this photo and the visuals have come from Acton, Massachusetts, one of our centers there, one of the students from there was working here during summer, some of you must be knowing about her, Anandita Alal, so she has been sending, as you people have been sending and people from around the country has been sending visuals on Four Seasons, she has sent it, so we thought that we will just start with that. So this session is actually the culmination of the winter workshop, is it not? So we had a winter workshop, we had winter extended workshop and so this is a culmination of that and two very important things that is going to happen here according to me is people who have worked from summer onwards, yeah, last, that is 2017 summer onwards including Diwali Ganesh, Chaturthi vacation, Diwali vacation, Christmas vacation, yeah, till the, whatever has been done till then, till now is being presented here by the groups of people, yeah, so Jay probably will know, you know, will know who are the, which are the groups. I just wanted to announce only two things, that one, that this all has been happening through cubes, through the cube, through groups, yeah, the collaborative groups, the second is that there has been a lot of initiatives coming from a large number of people who are starting locality labs in different parts of the country through very popular projects like the mango mapping, yeah, and the butterfly mapping, et cetera, et cetera. So these are the major events that probably we will be highlighting also while people will be discussing about the initiation of new programs, new research programs. I'm sure that people are ready with that and I would like to also say something about the awards that we often give in such assembly. So there are three groups, types of awards that this time we are going to announce and the announcement will come afterwards. So one is the DD Cosambi Award for cultivation of scientific temper and remodeling the curriculum at the delivery stage, cultivating scientific temper and also to remodel the curriculum at the delivery stage and sense in the classroom that cultivation of scientific temper will take place. The second is SK Mahajan Award for science education and research initiatives which some among you will must be deserving it. So that also will be announced. And the third one is Anil Satgopal People Science Awards for popularization of science which many institutions, many groups, cube groups have been doing that. So with that I will be starting this and I will ask Nagarjuna to come and make a few comments. I don't know very well that I have no more comments to make so that's why he called me. But you know this time we were not able to get other cubists from other places otherwise this conference you know we get people from Mumbai, Delhi, Goa, Kochi, Jaipur, Lucknow and you know Assam, various other places. But so this time due to lot of logistic reasons we were not able to do that. But we are trying to compensate that by making sure that this proceedings are streamed live and I think most of you may already know the link because that has been broadcasted already. So please send it to your friends from various other places to make sure that they participate and as you already know that there is also discussion that could happen in our own channels also but you can also discuss while you are doing live stream. Suppose if any of your friends have questions they could possibly ask them through the YouTube streaming session itself so that we can pick up some of those questions and even answer them here. I mean this time I would actually request all of you for one while you make presentations because almost all of you are going to make presentations today. And so when you make these presentations I would request you to keep sufficient time for question answers as well so that you know the whole point is to have some good discussion and then we could continue to follow it up. You do not have to tell only the results that you got as you know we also talk about not getting results as well and that is in fact the reason why the other people could actually come and help us why are we not getting the results that we wanted or maybe they know the answers and things like that. So it is through this kind of collaboration that we are celebrating this. But before I say let me briefly tell you some important things that are happening to the CUBE program itself as a project. First of all there is a lot of demand for this kind of programs at various other places and the institute that other institute of fundamentals research has been reviewed by university grants commission. So a group of experts have visited all the centers of TIFR so which means what the may be some of you may not know that there is one big campus in Colaba there is another big campus coming up in Hyderabad apart from that we have four more centers one for theoretical physics in Bangalore and NCPS already many of you may know the center for biological molecular biology at Bangalore and then we also have radio astronomy center in Pune and Homi Baba center is the fourth such centers of course in terms of history the last one was the center that set up was the center for theoretical physics theoretical sciences also in Bangalore. So now all these centers are also visited by the experts and while they are giving the report they also have to mention like what are the innovations that they have seen in all these places. So you will be happy to know that CUBE is one of them so they made a special mention of course TIFR gets A plus grade accreditation so it is there is no doubt about that but then making sure that they have actually cognize that there is some innovation happening in education and they have identified CUBE project and so that is a huge recognition for us and this is the fifth five and a half yeah is it five and a half or just five and a half year I think we started in 2012 May and so we are sort of running great and now we have approximately 2000 members combining all the groups that we have we have the mailing list we got WhatsApp groups and social network of course a large number of people are overlapping because the same people who are on Facebook are also there on WhatsApp and the same people who are on WhatsApp also there on the mailing list and things like that and then so this has been one of the means of increasing the outreach and then we also have this year particularly keeping in mind this particular event we started a telegram group also some of you may be wondering why telegram why not WhatsApp and things like that so one of the most important reason of course is that firstly telegram is a free software the second important reason is that telegram allows you to have any number in the group a large number in the group you know WhatsApp may have restrictions in that whereas here for example you can almost go up to you know hundred thousand members within a single group and therefore there is a possibility for you to have a lot of possibility and if the group is a broadcast group you can actually go for several millions as well so in that sense we have this possibility and the second thing that we are working on in fact as some of my software colleagues who are working in Homi Baba Center are developing a direct link from telegram to a Metastudio website so that you know when you are discussing the discussions are also automatically published on the website and when you upload a picture the picture is automatically uploaded on the main website so these changes are going to actually make our web presence even more interesting and then the number actually increases to a large extent and just now Arunan mentioned that we have a small group in Boston you know it could be one person but the point is that when that person is making some things there other people will be asking what are you doing and then in the process you know people get to know about it about three months ago we had a big gang of international visitors who visited our cube lab from IBM so when those guys came they were so impressed and one of the IBM scientists went back to US and she is from Georgia and her daughter is studying in a particular school there and she wrote to the principal of that school saying that this is a kind of program that American kids need and so she highly recommended the principal to get in touch with us and initiate this program in fact we are already in the process of preparing an online program for them starting from Mumbai so Mumbai will be connecting to a school in Georgia in the United States so that means basically that you know slowly your message is reaching out not only within the country but also going out because it's a very unique program and as most of you know this unique program is unique in what ways so it is an important moment for us to actually understand what those uniquenesses are of course everybody knows that collaboration is one of the uniqueness because competition is the uniqueness of regular classroom whereas here we celebrate collaboration copying is allowed in this program because copying is our birthright and that's the reason why we are human beings otherwise we don't learn anything from anyone not from fathers not from mothers not from anybody so we are actually been trained to copy to begin with and then when you go to school you say that you know you're not supposed to copy well we are very proud to say that copying is a virtue not a vice all right so therefore our examinations will be of different kind naturally as you can see we also sometimes recognize some individual talent for their commitment for their devoted way in which they actually participate in the cube activity so we are recognizing the people as well and those people actually even before we recognize all of you would recognize them as well because you know who are the people who are active what does it mean that means transparency so transparency is another important character of our program and not only that we also have certain other interesting characters of that we are focusing on culture and not content of course content is already there I mean everybody knows about you know DNA molecular biology stone chemistry you know all kinds of jargon that we use in a regular biology class we also do that but then we have a context to do that and that means basically that you know we are having a very deep rooted experimental context in the lab and then it is in that context that now we are talking about these these subjects and as a result what happens the understanding that we gather from all these activities becomes part of our life and what good it is if science doesn't become part of our life why should it be confined to the classrooms why should it be confined to just passing some exam or something like that and in fact that is one of the reasons why ignorant ministers you know say that Darwin should be removed from the curriculum and it's almost like saying that biology should be removed from the curriculum because I really do not see any reason why the Darwin should be removed from the curriculum I don't know how many of you are aware of the history in fact yesterday Mina mentioned this while she was reading one of the great biologists and mayors book where he also mentioned this point that physics was the one of the most and most successful branches of science which started but you know what the physics could not challenge the religious beliefs except to some extent because of the reason that you know the earth is not the center of the world but the Sun is or maybe later on you know there is nothing like a center in the universe so that physics has demonstrated but even though people are happy with that they said well that's about inanimate things but the animate things are very important and therefore that is where you know religion would continue to play a very important role but then that one actually has been devastated strongly by Darwin particularly after his fascinating observations by collecting a lot of information from across the country and this is where an important lesson that we have to learn from Darwin let me take one minute because that is another culture that we are also propagating about you know what do you have any idea how many letters Darwin wrote professionally to people in those days in those days means what where even a pigeon was used for delivery of letters of course postman were there but sure to manage the last mile delivery they were actually using pigeons in those days we are talking about those days and can you tell me how many letters he wrote anybody hundred hundred letters won't make anybody a scientist thousand also make anybody a scientist yeah I mean my memory may be wrong but I remember it as 17,000 okay 17,000 letters in those days written by one scientist who is not recognized most of his during his lifetime but has been continuously insistently writing about all those observations and then talking to people talking to scholars talking to scientists across Europe not just in his own place so what does what are those letters consisting of letters consists of observations that he has made and then his opinion of how to interpret those observations and now we make a lot of observations we we we make a lot of observations in our own classroom in our lab and also outside and we are now doing this mango mango mapping project like tree mapping and things like that you know each of these observations might appear to be very trivial to you I mean what is the big deal of doing science just taking a picture of a mango tree and then sharing it with everybody but the point is that that kind of data is what makes science possible you have to understand the relevance of sharing observations with a large group of people and Darwin took meticulous notes of almost every day everything that he saw and he also made one more thing he also used to draw almost everything that used to see so drawing is also an important part of this so what are all these things these are all part of culture you know sharing immediately to your colleagues discussing them engaging them writing letters now today we are writing emails and you know instant messages and things like that and discussing them collating that information and then wondering about how to explain each of those phenomena that you are observing so all this is part of the culture of doing science and trying to explain them and you don't have to be correct when you are trying to explain but the point is your you have an aptitude or interest to explain is what matters so it is in that sense friends most importantly the Cubis are actually demonstrating the point that it is not just those people who excel with the you know very good marks and then you know keep passing all the exams and you know go out and pass out all these competitive exams and things like that are is is not going to lead to creating a scientific culture in the country or anywhere in the world the true scientific literacy is only when science is done science is not read okay so we you can't just read science you have to do science and you have to do it in the lab you have to do it outside in the world and because it's biology we have a great future and the most important peculiar aspect of the cube which identifies itself is in the in the aspect of simple model organisms and I must mention that we have actually succeeded in introducing a new model organism this year and this new model organism is Hydra okay but not in the way how other researchers ask us to maintain Hydra because the scientists ask us to maintain Hydra which is a freshwater organism and then you ask us to feed a marine crustacean right which is a problem there so our Cubists have successfully cultured Hydra using a freshwater Daphnia or Moina whatever you want to call it and now experiments are still going on whether Hydra could even survive using and feeding on rotifers and that experiment is still on we still not know but at least we are quite certain today that we have successfully managed to maintain Hydra just using Moina which essentially means that Moina can be maintained within that kind of species and the other thing is been also being tried out is how to maintain Hydra in hydrilla culture so hydrilla is an aquatic plant so in the combination of a hydrilla aquatic plant and the chlorohydra which is also photosynthetic that combination is also being tested so which means that it is possible to keep a hydra cup or a bottle on top of your reading table and continue to maintain it so that is what we are doing you know the cube almost all the model organisms that we are working with cube can actually be maintained on top of your reading table it's a tabletop lab is what we are creating and that is very important and that is only when okay science will be done in every street people keep asking you know that why is it that you know we don't have any Nobel Prize winners in India we have very few all of you know that and very few in science now what could be the reason but what about cricketers we have we have the best cricketing team in the world isn't it do you all agree do you know the reason why what is the reason it happens on every street it happens on every street and they don't care whether they actually have a cricket bat they take anything that looks like fatta and start playing playing yes absolutely cricket is a culture in India cricket is a culture in India science has not become a culture in India and that is what cube is trying to demonstrate so cube is trying to innovate on the possibilities of how to take science to every street and not only every street onto every reading table of course every child doesn't have a reading table it could be a mat on the floor how does it matter in fact we have people coming from the mward center and in the mward center there are no tables and we are actually sitting on the floor and doing experiments there okay and so this is also of course another interesting thing that actually happened that we have now started working with communities at mward project so this is another new thing that has happened I'm happy to also has come here so she coordinates the center of the mward project on behalf of TISS so as a result you know what is happening is our network is not only expanding but it is also getting recognized and so with these few words of trying to tell exactly what is this main important difference that the cube is trying to make and all of you are the champions of that thing you know people will remember after several years that you know India is transformed because of the cubists so you are the champions who are actually making that happen okay so thank you so much for listening and now of course we're going to start the presentations now who is going to chair Ramina or Jay Jay is going to conduct the session one after the other and please maintain the time though I have violated the point I took a long time telling about it but that will help the last timers also to have the same amount of time that you get okay okay so after the inspirational speech by Arunan Saranjian sir so we'll begin the session so basically I would like to begin the session with by just showing one one movie which is made by a cubist with you know working in working in Delhi so I will just so can you 20 minutes 20 minutes yeah so we have a movie which is there so I'll be just showing the movie okay this name of the student is Kajal so she is she has made this movie who is she's actually working in a center which is called they call it as a think lab so have created small center which is and they are working there so she's amazing isn't she but honestly it was not love at first sight I haven't heard about Daphneya already a lot of times of my being in cube for almost an year now but it was only in that winter workshop at the end of 2015 in Mumbai that I actually met ECDS in person she was beautiful just like this and a scholar as well with epigenetic studies so at first I thought she was very out of my league but a simplicity made it all easier she could win with anyone I mean unlike other model systems she could take care of herself very easily if given attention only once a day with a drop of milk it was the beginning though as the days pass I got to see her different colors from transparent to pale to red and I started to get along with her more we brought her together at Delhi to get to know more about her but as they say and I experienced things don't always turn out the way we imagine it to be within a month I was struggling to keep things as planned our cultures were not working we were not able to figure out what was wrong she used to be such a lively creature and now I think there is some issue with the internet connectivity so what was wrong she used to be such a lively creature and now okay okay we started to try we started to try finding answers and made our hypothesis and we came up with temperature made sense back then not now though rejected next the water to be honest it's embarrassing to even mention it now but whatever the reason was it definitely was not me right wrong as I came to realize eventually she did not only teach me the scientific method so the folks are working in a group where there is mutual benefit so the folks are working in a group where there is mutual benefit to everyone yeah collaboration so I decided it was my time to pay her back and by chance I got the chance however I'm to pay her back and by chance I got the chance however I had not expected that it will be this difficult to convince others evidences they need so I guess it was time to learn more things and as always collaborators came to the rescue because evidences were important so was the approval after all she deserved to be known for what she was soon enough she got to be known as Moina now but I still had to know few more we will be watching it after some time because there's a lot of problem in the internet not defined by instruments and devices but model systems that inspiration does not always look like him or her or him and the same goes for collaboration it looked like this once but the most important thing that I had to learn still awaited apparently the Moina claim needed more attention so I continued the labs changed she stayed the faces changed but she was there the question changed and she was still there however apparently these questions escalated quite quickly yeah she indeed is interesting now whenever I look back I end up recalling the first lesson I ever learned in cube that the most important thing is the culture and evidently it is beat the culture of a model system or the culture of the cube itself the three C's communication collaboration and continuity so stay curious and keep questioning because as to say okay so basically she was talking about her journey of Moina she was she's a student from Delhi she has been working on Moina for long period of time she was also she has also come here quite some time so she carried things from here and there so she said that she the lab keeps changing but the organism was still alive and they were the first thing they were able to maintain it the difficulties which they faced in maintenance and they then they how they how they were trying to identify what it is you know and then they went and collaborated with people who are actually experts in that area and then they come to came to know that it is Moina and so on so the Moina which we just introduced is also now in the lab what currently is happening in cube lab is that we are actually feeding this Moina to some some other organism which is Hydra so basically I will like to call the Hydra group now to present and talk about the work which they are doing on the maintenance of the Hydra hello okay good morning Cubists good to see everybody here so as we are starting with Hydra as a model system I would just like to briefly mention the journey of Hydra in cube lab till now and what are the challenges and what are the future directions so we got Hydra from the Agarkar Research Institute lab people were I mean when we had some visitors they say ki kaha pe milta hai talab mein milta hai kya agar hum jayenge toh hum ko bhi mil jayega kya so they keep on asking so we but we got of course in Agarkar Research Institute professor Surendra he got a single Hydra it seems from a lake near some North North Indian part of the country and then they could culture the Hydra into thousands and thousands of you know many such polyps anyway so we got the Hydra from the ARL lab which is a very sophisticated research base lab and the with the objective of spreading it to the country right and the colleges so what do we do because it's a research lab they follow various protocols so Hydra is a freshwater organism and they are feeding the Altima which is a salt water tiny crustacean so the you know the routine is you first hatch the X height the Altima is a crustacean it is it is procured as a you know dried cyst you know small X so you put it in a salt water aerate it and then wait for it the wait for it this is the setup for the Altima hatch you can see here you may have seen it many times in the cube lab so you can see it here this is a tiny setup in the beaker there is some water dechlorinated water and some salt is added because it's a salt water crustacean and then we add some sys and then there is an aeration pump which is you know normally seen in the fish tank water aquarium so we keep it for aeration for a day or so day or so one and a half day or two days and then we have to wait if the eggs I mean Altima is laying I mean hatched or not and then on second day or on third day we've washed the Altima sort of you know washing is also another procedure added to it and then we feed the Hydra sometimes you can see it's a big lamp that is introduced during our winters we couldn't used to not get the Altima hatch in say the prescribed 18 hours or so so we thought it could be because of the temperature so we introduced a of course by reading literature we introduced a lamp so that there is a little bit of higher temperature is maintained so and then we used to get Altima hatch after say one and after at least 24 hours kebaad we used to get it so this was quite a tedious process and then procuring dried sys is also a economically not so you know good thing to be sharing so we thought key can we substitute it with the already existing things that are already there in the cube lab so can one model organism be useful for the for another model organism right so sharing collaboration can it also work with the model organisms so there was such question and of course then we there were other challenges and then we made some goof ups we kept Hydra in you know the broad sunlight and then everything got descent disintegrated so that way then several group goof ups happened then we started feeding it with Moina now we all know Moina is a freshwater organism it doesn't require so much of hassle first of all we have plenty of Moina in our labs everybody can you know sort of culture it and maintain it in their homes or labs or college kitchen or tabletop or just in a bottle or in a test tube so one easily or get available organism can be substituted with this very hassle thing like RTMA and all so can can it be tried so that was one project that Arif and others his colleagues or his friends did and then they succeeded so Arif will tell that journey and escape a geja ke we wanted to also this you know start huh he's he's prompting me that we wanted to create an ecosystem ecosystem self-sustaining ecosystem so a ecosystem make yeah hosakta hai you know plants algae and some organisms right sort of living or culturing happily then what was introduced like aquatic plant like hydrila or some other algae need to be introduced and then us all game a can Moina survive and then agar Moina sir what I thought can Hydra survive so he is a stable ecosystem kese banh sakta hai us type project tha then these VES college people joined Arif and then I think they are going to tell this their fantastic journey in this presentation anything to be added si yes okay yeah good morning one and all present over here myself Dipti from VES college she is Harshada and herself is Ashwini we are all from VES college and Arif is our mentor today we are going to present about Hydra which is our model organism basically Hydra is a small freshwater organism of phylum Nida Ria they are native to temperate and tropical regions Hydra is tubular radially symmetrical and about 10 millimeter long it has seven to eight tentacles which helps us to catch the food head part middle part and the basal part for the attachment to the surface Hydra normally feeds on Moina and Artemia Hydra are biologically immortal as they have regenerating capacity further part will be explained by Arif So here Hydra to Moina because I used to work on Moina first so here from the lab if you Artemia Mina ma'am who told me to feed on Artemia so here I mean Moina to Hydra is mine so here you can see how this Artemia is this is Artemia and this is Moina. Artemia looks the same as Moina Artemia saltwater organism and Moina fresh water organism Hydra is our fresh water organism and Moina is also fresh water organism so Moina can easily feed on Hydra Artemia saltwater is the most expensive in the economy if it is half 15 kg if we buy a box of 1.5 kg it comes up to 900 it is so expensive if there is no lab in the college then we have to buy it then after that we have to do Hydra culture after buying so much Hydra is dead then it is sold as a total waste so here I mean Moina so I mean Moina to Hydra this is how easy it is we are not feeding on Artemia it is difficult to feed on Artemia so I was processing it in Mina so I bought Moina to make it easy then here in Mina we have Lamp Lamp is a culture of Lamp and Hydra setup Mina introduced it Air pump, beaker, saltwater, cyst these are the requirements for Hydro culture and here you can see that Hydra is feeding on Artemia these are the Artemia and these are the Hydra so Mina explained about Artemia culture already and this is Moina setup for Moina setup there are few requirements for that we need bottles so bottles are here for one drop these two bottles are for one drop and here Moina is feeding on Hydra so Moina culture if we want to do it in lab then how can someone do it so for that requirement two transparent bottles and decrypted water decrypted water means there is no chlorine in it for example BMC which provides us with water there is chlorine in it in BMC chlorine is used to kill microorganisms so we need to remove chlorine then after removing chlorine we need to remove chlorine so here you can see bottles requirement and this is DC water so here type water which we have taken for 24 hours chlorine gas will be removed and on top of that Moina milk this is for Moina culture this is Moina's graph if we start Moina culture then how many Moinas will we get in a week so here Moina has started from 5 so in 5 days we get around 50 Moina these are one drop bottles so if we want to experiment then we need to make duplicates if Moina's first bottle is dead then the second bottle will be alive so we can use it so if we want to experiment then we need to make duplicates and here how to remove Hydra so here in college and at home we experiment like we are talking about kitchen lab people are doing it at home so here is ice tray ice cube tray so here in ice strip tray we are doing Hydra culture here we have taken 1-1 Hydra and for that we have required requirements like if we are feeding it in an ATM then we don't need to clean it so those are the requirements glass, Moina, Moina's cup so if we get bottles if we don't get bottles then who needs to do it if we don't get bottles then how can we start the experiment if we don't get cups so if we want to find the most simple bottles then we need to go out if we don't get bottles then we have to buy a bottle drink water so that's why we get the most cup at any shop then we get it so this cup is around this is Moina's cup this is 300 ml cup this is 250 ml DC water and this is 1 drop milk daily feeding and these are some steps first we have to take an empty glass so we also open it and feed it so we have to take out the container of the milk for that first we have to put the muslin cloth so we have to put the muslin cloth on the glass then moina, bottles or cups so these are the cups that were cultured so we take it out from here then we put the moina then after taking the moina we have to take DC water this is DC water then DC water is what we have to open it if it's a tap water then we can use tap water then we have to take a big cap or a petri plate and we can't take a petri plate so we have to take the cap or any other food so we have to put the moina in it we have to take the cotton and we have to put the moina in it we have to put DC water in it so moina we have to look here dot dot dot moina then we have to feed it so the 10th step we have to feed it so if we don't feed it then moina or hydra is eating moina so so I experimented on it so here you can see hydra, cultured, plus algae, moina so here my objective was to make an ecosystem of hydra so first A1, B1 has one hydra A2, B2 has two hydra A1, A3 and B3 has three hydra so first time I got a lot of gopups, mystics so in this I got a lot in this I forgot to do data plotting so I got a gopups again so in the first day I started it on the 17th of January so in the first day the A1, A2 from the A series I was feeding it for 2 months and in this 5 then I kept doing it so I didn't get time to come in between so then from the 28th of February then I changed the protocol so I had to feed the moina so in the A series from the 28th I didn't do any moina feeding and in this I had to feed only moina 30 moinas so in this I am keeping control in this I don't have to give anything I have to make an ecosystem you have to give something so in control there is no moina feeding and in this 30 moinas daily in A1, A2, A3 so after doing this then the result came if we are in the lab that the exam starts so the ecosystem was not that important what will happen to the hydra the moina feeding will increase and in this in which we are feeding with algae in the beginning after 10-15 days we forgot so for that this A and C this is for that so in this we did some moina feeding from the 28th I didn't do any moina feeding till the 6th in this hydra so in this in this 3 hydras and in this 3 hydras all the numbers are equal to the hydra so after starting in January 17 after starting so in this A well in this A well the hydra was increasing means it was getting faster so in 10 days the result came in this there were around 25 hydras total average 25 hydras in this A well total average 10 hydras so this means in this 10 days in 28 to 6 days there will be 10 days so what is happening in this there is a hydra increase we didn't do any feeding only then it is increasing it is surviving and in this we are feeding so we are getting more numbers there is an exam in college someone is doing research someone is working someone is going to go somewhere someone is going to go for a long time so if we leave the hydra setup in this then the hydra will survive but there will be no increase so this was the main point if anyone wants to do hydra then moina feeding if we do alternate days then it will work hydra will survive if we don't experiment the hydra if we have hydra then we can experiment this hydra is there hydra is there so we have to remove the hydra and eat it how to culture hydra so hydra is culture moina bottles so we already have moina bottles so we have to remove the hydra and take it to other cups because it is a cup so in this the hydra we have in the wells the remaining hydra we can take it we can put it in a culture and make it a hydra in culture we have to experiment the regeneration so hydra also has the capacity to do regeneration so on that we will tell you so the objective was to create sustainable ecosystem hydra in six well plates so here I have used well plates six well plates in this everyone's volume in this 10 ml LK water was added it is written here LK water plus moina so then then I came out from the calculation that if we are doing hydra culture if we don't do hydra daily feeding then it will survive in LG in LG if we leave it hydra if we don't do 10 days of feeding then hydra will also survive in plain water in DC water so till 9 days hydra will survive so now a lot of people don't pay much attention so here in some hydra college they say in 3 days we die of hydra especially in 3 days if we don't do food if we don't feed so here there will be so many problems we have to experiment so we can't do that that's why I have simple if we have to experiment hydra that's my we had started moina culture in lab first so these are the cups of moina cup culture of moina for culturing moina we had taken 500 ml of plastic cups in that we had added 25 ml of DC water we had made each of us had made 2 cups and in both the cups we had added 55 moina in one cup we had added 1 drop of milk and the other cup we had added 2 drops of milk and now for culturing hydra we had taken a small cup in that we had added 50 ml of DC water and we had 6 cup cultures of hydra and in each of these 6 cup cultures we had added 11 hydra so we had started hydra culture with 6 hydras and now today we have 270 hydras in total so now Harshara will explain about amputation of hydra I am going to explain about amputation of hydra we we time to study on regeneration of a hydra for we all have seen that in books and in our studies from 10th to 12th we have studied that hydra regeneration happens but what someone has done we also haven't done that so we started studying regeneration for that we have amputed some hydras on 30th December hydra were kept in 2 hydras are kept in for a control and then we amputed 6 hydras in different manner and different ways with the help of a sharp needle or a sharp needle these are the 2 hydra controls which kept for a 2 hydras which kept for a control the first setup was we did first was we taken we took 2 hydras and we amputed these hydras in 2 parts which is first is a head part and second is a remaining body part which is best part then observation after 40 for us we found that this surface this is the head part head part of a hydra which regenerate basal part and attaches on the surface surface of the glass and this is the best part which basal part it has regenerated small tentacles and after when 44 hours second setup we did was first is we amputed 1 hydra in a 3 parts first is a head part second is a middle part and third is a best part and we observed after 44 hours that this is a first part head part of a hydra which regenerate next this is the basal part of a hydra which small tentacles are observed and remaining 2 parts which are head part is regenerated basal part and base part is regenerated in a head part and middle part is regenerated in a some small tentacles with the base part this is the third setup our third setup we are amputed 1 hydra in a 3 parts tentacles and remaining part of a hydra then observation after 44 hours was that head part is regenerate head part is regenerate in remaining part of a hydra and base part is regenerate in tentacles and head part of a hydra setup we made setup at home because we have college time we don't have time to come here so we just said we did kitchen lab we did kitchen lab at home and that Dipti Harshad Me and Ashwini we did that at home Dipti did ecosystem of a hydra plus Algae and Moina Ashwini hydra setup feeding Moina and to observe till how many days can hydra survive without food and I did the hydra setup feeding Moina and the rotifers further part is explaining by Dipti by Ashwini for culturally hydra at home requirements are ice tray DC water Moina source of food Algae for ecosystem and we had started the system setup on 17th of Jan so I had made two setups for one hydra culture and one Moina culture this is my this is my hydra culture and this is the Moina culture so for Moina culture I had 500 ml of plastic cups in which I added 250 ml of DC water and I had made three cups and three cup duplicates of these three cups first cup was in first cup I had added one drop of milk and second cup two drops of milk so we had taken six hydras home on 17th I had nine hydras so in that ice tray in each well I had added five ml of DC water and one hydra in each wells so total nine wells five hydras were feed with Moina and four hydras were not feed since 17th I had to observe that can hydra survive without food and for how many days so the hydras which were feed with Moina now I have 75 hydras from that five hydras and the hydras which were not feed since 17th of January they died at they died on 5th February so hydra can survive without food till 20 days so this was my observation I am going to set explaining setup of my hydra culture for that I made one Moina culture and one roti for Moina culture I made Moina culture with a 250 ml of DC water in that adding five Moinas and feeding for two drops of in 250 ml culture we can add two drops of milk and in 500 ml culture we can add four drops of milk in ice tray I added six hydras three hydras were feed Moina and were feed Moina with Moina and the other hydras were fed with a roti for but Moina culture is good but hydra died because hydra was died after four or five days because of some some conditions some conditions was not able to not able to hydra hydras which were fed roti for died as a roti for would eat hydra which we observed was that in microscope we put hydra roti for in hydra culture so we after some time we observed because of this roti for hydra is getting damaged so we started studying why roti for effect on hydra and Moina is increasing in number today this was my setup basically I was doing the ecosystem for the hydra in that I take six in that I take ice cube in that I had used six whales in each whale I had added one hydra one ml of algae and seven ml of DC water and and today I am having a total 14 hydra which were there but as number of Moina decrease so I couldn't feed them later on so this was our setup and our goof up was we didn't made fresh cup culture of Moina we didn't click photos of the amputation setup of hydra and daily observation were not written regularly thank you I forgot good morning I am Sheetal Shetty from SIS college and I will be talking about how to maintain the cultures in different situations that we face when we do kitchen life just like they face problems I too face problems when I took hydra from cube lab to my college to culture them and basically these are my hydras that were there after four to five days under the microscope so my immediate objective right now is to maintain a healthy culture of hydra using simple reproducible methods that can be done at home without any problem with simple tools and the short term objective is to study a population growth curve right now with different situation that I will be talking about later it goes with their studies because they are studying that what effect does starvation so I will be studying that same pattern with this and the long term objective is to compare these curves and find out what is the reason that it happens like that so maintaining a model system is not an easy job because it requires a lot of work and bottlenecks or difficulties are part of it and creating an artificial ecosystem for an organism inside your house or at your place is comes with its own challenges so the problem number one that you all will face or anyone will face is where to keep the organism because if you take an organism or a setup at home the first thing that comes is space keeping a tank or something at your home is not easy you need to find that space at home so and if that organism increases in number you cannot keep them in a cup culture for long times you need to change their setups what I did at my house or at my lab in college was that I had taken three hydras from cube lab to my college and I kept them in a small cup plastic cup of 50 ml capacity and when the number increased I transferred them into a 50 ml beaker so that they get more space to increase and later on if it increases I have 70 hydras with me in a period of I think one month almost and if it increases more in number I will be making more cup culture more beaker cultures actually I will put in different number or divide them into more beakers and later on we can have a tank of hydra but that still needs to be worked upon so this is the hydra culture when I had taken it from cube lab and this is a 250 ml beaker where you can keep your hydras later on the second problem is about feed as Harshadar faced the problem of not having too much moina to feed their hydra so if such a problem arises what is the solution to that so first of all when you when you take moina or when you have a limited source of moina what you can do is when there is lesser number of hydra feed them daily just so that you can increase their number but once they increase the thing that I went on to do was I feed them every alternate day just so that they get moina gets time to reproduce and so that the number increases so now I have a very good culture of moina with three beakers and they are and I feed my hydra every alternate day with moina and my hydra are also growing well so this can be a solution to your problem and these are two photos of hydra catching the moina and this is hydra engulfing the moina that we observed under the microscope now these are the goofups that I have done the first thing and my PPT comes out from these I transferred my hydra into a tank I decided to do that but the only thing is I didn't duplicate it that is I didn't I transferred all of my hydra together into a tank without keeping just some to test if they die or is there any effect of it so that was but I was lucky it didn't die and feeding these hydras I had 70 so I feed 75 moinas to them and I didn't realize that feeding number would also cause me problems of decrease in number of moina that's why that changed into giving them alternate days feed I didn't click pictures or take photos or videos of me maintaining these hydras and how do I clean it or how do I feed it I've never taken those photos and videos I do have some and I used a tank to keep a hydra without real realizing that it may cause me problems with space in the lab because there's not one thing in the lab there are many things and I maintained my moina in three beakers instead of transferring them into a tank that would have been much more better for me so my future plans as I told in the starting is to study the growth or the population pattern under different conditions and I'll be studying three cases in that different beakers and in one beaker I'll be feeding them with moina daily and the second one will be I'll be feeding them once in a week and in the third case I'll be starving them to see and this will happen for a period of two weeks to see what difference in their population occurs if in these different cases of feeding or starvation my expectation is that in the case number at a good pace my case two will be the number will increase but it will be at a slower rate or it will take a lot of days to increase the case three will be the number will increase initially because of the food it has eaten earlier or because of maybe reservoir of energy in it but later on it may become static because as we call hydra immortal understudy any questions for that you can ask all of us together okay hello hello hello can you hear me I mean I just want to take off give some take off points from this project of course I mean I'm very excited to see how so many people are working on it and then there is some success I'm sure Professor Surendra would also be excited to see the hydra is spreading but also in kitchen now what has happened you know there are what to say very strong points in cube one is goof-up and recently when we were going to cube kongan during a field trip we were just listening to a song with the driver was playing and suddenly that song came your age makes a mistake so we thought this is the best appropriation of this song so goof-ups and serendipity say his scientific discovery so why not you know we make this sort of song for cube goof-ups so keep making mistakes and the other thing is jugad whatever we are doing is you know we are sort of saying we have to come up with several jugads you know very easy to do things that are available in our lab or home so one interesting jugad was the ice-train I mean we were really surprised and we were excited to see that you know the expensive well plates were substituted with the easily available ice-trays then I was just talking to Mayur then I was thinking from one of the slides the color water color box right acrylic color box so that can happen so you know one thing can lead to several such ideas so think about it imagination you know carry on with several types of jugad or whatever you are thinking to work for the project so you know the availability or non-availability of the tissue culture plate or well plate is not stopping the project it is going on and I think it was a good work so good show and I am excited because you know we started Hydra and Mayur was working with us and not to mention that Mayur mentored these people and of course he has been mentoring the undergraduate students so you can see here you know so all these are you know cube culture that are being highlighted and they are being shown that it is working and of course it will work so that is the excitement that I wanted to share anything else if I am missing yeah and you can go on vacation for maximum 20 days if you have Hydra okay so that is also a take off point yeah anybody has questions so we can quickly have the thing because yeah questions please my question is from Aarif so Aarif you have started two setups so you saw for starting with one Hydra one with two Hydra and three Hydra so along with that if only Hydra's control did you check that only Hydra's control in water without any algae or moina along with that so you didn't show that you didn't confirm that so I did more experiments before that in the beginning so from here from Delhi 10,000 moina Delhi I asked in the lab that much moina 10 10,000 Delhi moina how would I use it and why would I use it so from the lab moina 10,000 Delhi moina so I asked why moina should be used so he told me Hydra should be used so I said yes I can give how much moina Hydra eats so from that I kept a control in which some Hydra Hydra doesn't feed in plain water around 90 90 days it was alive in plain water Hydra was alive but it wouldn't multiply if we give food to it it would multiply and also what is the difference if I keep Hydra with algae and keep Hydra only in water is there any difference so Hydra if we keep Hydra in plain water there would be bacteria and algae so algae is taking energy from the sun so that energy goes to the other side so in that there would be microorganisms so algae and decay so bacteria so from that bacteria we didn't observe that this well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated well-plated tends to, is it same in water plus water, hydra and algae and hydra, algae and moina? Like you can also see that, because if it is about multiplication, there must be some change in the growth also, right? Yeah. Okay. Hydra's food is moina, moina's food is bacteria, so can't we give direct bacteria to hydra? So, direct bacteria to hydra, hydra, hydra means direct bacteria, we don't provide bacteria to hydra, so why do we provide bacteria to hydra, there will be milk in it, there will be milk proteins, there will be more bacteria in it, so if we have some well-pillared ice cubes or something like that, moina, we are using moina for hydra, we are using milk moina, so how do we use milk moina? As I told you, earlier I experimented, so what happens in it? Earlier I didn't wash it, I would directly take the moina out of the bottle and feed it directly, because hydra died, so you told me that we should do it together, so in the same way, the container of milk is moina, so I took the moina out of the bottle directly from the dropper and feed it directly, so the next day when I saw it on the third day, I didn't see any hydra. See, bacteria are there, but then hydra is a bit, you know, higher-order organism and then for budding, for increasing, it needs energy and then we need to provide protein source to it, and where will we get protein from? So that's why we have to, you know, feed tiny crustaceans, moina or ultimejo. You know, we eat food from plants, and plants make food from inorganic things, so the question is that why can't we directly take sunlight? You know, is a million-dollar question, I mean, I think, I appreciate the question. Absolutely. Questions please. So, I have a question, like you said, you are maintaining moinas at home, right, and also with one drop, two drops, and one drop, two drops, three drops, so why are you maintaining in them with another, different drops? I mean, why are you having moina culture setups with different drops, like one drop in two drops and three drops? Is there a specific reason or just randomly? Three drops, two drops, because we had to see which one is increasing the amount of moina in two drops or three drops. So that's why we made one drop, two drops, three drops setup. And are you checking the color of the moina while feeding them? So what color is it when you feed them? After six days, we get red moina. So are you feeding red moinas to the hydra? Yes, we are. So is there any change, means if colorless are given or red are given, will there be any change in the growth or reproduction? No, there is no specific. And what is your main research question in this hydra project? Why are you doing culturing of hydra? Okay, so first, when we just heard that hydra is also a model organism, we just made chandra. Okay, so we just wanted to see that, we had studied in 9 studies that hydra can regenerate, but we had not seen it. So our first objective was to see that hydra can regenerate, so we did that and we saw that hydra is really regenerating. And the second objective is to create an ecosystem. So that we can, we are busy or we are not able to feed hydra, so for that. Aren't there any research articles suggesting that already the hydra regenerates or not? Have you found any? Thank you. Okay, so yeah, we are actually struggling for the time, so yeah, thank you very much for the very wonderful session. Yeah, so now we shall be breaking for the tea, so I think 10 minutes we should be able to return and continue the session, because yeah, we will be breaking for that.