 This study provides a summary of the latest estimates of cancer burden worldwide and in China from global in 2020. Breast cancer has displaced lung cancer as the most leading diagnosed cancer globally, while liver cancer has become the second highest cause of cancer related death. China accounts for 24% of newly diagnosed cases and 30% of cancer related deaths worldwide in 2020. Lung cancer remains the most common cancer type and leading cause of cancer death in China, but breast cancer has become the most frequent cancer type among women if incidence is stratified by sex. Gastrointestinal cancers contribute to a massive burden of cancer for both sexes. Comprehensive strategies are urgently needed to target China's changing profiles of the cancer burden. This article was authored by Wei Chao, Hong Duchen, Yi Wenyu, and others.