 Good evening. Am I audible? Yes, yes. Okay, yes. A very good evening to all the participants, the senior faculty members of the university, my dear colleagues, research scholars and learners present in today's webinar. On behalf of KK Hendricks Therapy University, I welcome you all to this webinar on Skill, Entrepreneurship Development and Employability Challenges and Opportunities. So, basically we three, Dr. Govinda Dakasar, Dr. Saanika Sanapati and myself with three will be throwing some lights on the topic and we will be going in this way. I will be speaking on skill and employability. Dr. Saanika Sanapati will be speaking on entrepreneurship and employability and finally, Dr. Govinda Daka will be speaking on challenges and opportunities of skill and entrepreneurship. Can I share my screen? Yes, go ahead. Just a minute. Is it visible? Yes. So, let us come to the topic of today's webinar. So, skill and entrepreneurship these two factors or these two area is going to play a very crucial role in the development process of low-income countries or the developing countries as because the manufacturing and service industry is going to lead the lead those economy. If you look at the structure or the participation of workforce in the different sectors of the economy we will observe that slowly the pattern is changing earlier more workforce were engaged in the agricultural sector now from 2009 to 2019 within this span of 10 year the participant of workers in the agricultural sector has dropped from 52.5 percent to 42.6 percent on the other side if you look at the participation in industry and service sector these two area the participation of workforce is increasing so in this situation we must be ready with the necessary skill workforce to meet the changing demand and to supply adequate amount of skilled manpower. So, there are two critical elements that could potentially threaten the economic growth for manufacturers in the coming years these two factors are lack of skilled manufacturers and the rising pressure of manufacturers to be innovative so our discussion is related with the first one we are not going to discuss the problem faced by manufacturers while they need to be innovative if India needs to grow or if we want to make improvement in our economic indicators like employment or GDP or per capita income then we must go for rapid capacity increase in the manufacturing and service sector and when we will be going for increasing capacity of this sector we have we have to encourage or we have to welcome the industries whether it is domestic industry or the international corporations so before investing these companies are always look for certain conditions or they will invest their money or they will start their operations only in those countries where the condition is conducive for them there are certain preconditions for that like availability of infrastructure then one the next is availability of skill manpower so these are preconditions so they will invest their money or those corporate houses will start operation in a country where they will find all their opportunities when you talk about India if you talk about this is the scenario of India that I am sharing if you look at the scenario of skill manpower availability of skill manpower in India the scenario is this so according to HDR2020 barely one in five Indians in the lever force is skilled in India we rank 129 among 162 countries which is again if we talk about the employability of the youth in India so it stood at 45.9% so only 45.9% of the total youth are employable and decreasing it has decreased from 46.2% in 1990 to 45.9% in 2020 according to India's skill report so this indicate a skill gap in Indian education system if we talk about other countries like Japan so Japan has their they have skilled their 99.9% workforce skilled Japan is at the top in the list like Belarus, US, Russia all these countries have over 96% of their lever force classified as skilled and if we talk about our neighboring country like Nepal, Sri Lanka or Myanmar, Bangladesh Sri Lanka has nearly 40% of their lever force is skilled while in Myanmar it is 28.1% and in Bangladesh it is 25.8% so if we analyze or if we just look then we will observe that there is a direct relationship between economic development and availability of skilled human resources so the countries where human resources are skilled they are tends to be developed and the economy where skilled human resource is not available they are tend to be less developed so this is just two quotations so what to create a mindset for vocational training in India and education degrees still preferred to vocational training we have to give more incentive to tilt the balance in favor of vocational courses according to Gayatri Vasudevan again in our context skilling is perceived as the last resort mean for those who have not been able to progress in the formal academic system this mental block has only increased the gap between what the industry requires and what is currently available so the government of India has initiated many programs for improving skills in Indian youth but the scale of we what need to be achieved is truly staggering the national education policy 2020 also talked about important skill UGC has also initiated some measures to include skill component in the curriculum government of India launched national vocational education qualification framework that is BQF which is assimilated later on in the NSQF that is national skill qualifications framework and UGC implemented the scheme of community college for importing skill among the Indian youth but the measures taken for skilling India seems to be insufficient we can learn some lessons from our neighbor that is China so how China has or how China is supplying if not adequate but to a great extent sufficient number of skilled manpower to their industries so how do they do it so what China did China has created a system called vocational education and training system called TVET which helped China to successfully transform into world manufacturing hub after it produced millions of skilled workers so how this TVET works so this TVET ensures vocational training at secondary level that is in China it is from class 7 to class 9 then in higher educational institution adult training adult training and retraining training of vocational trainers financing and active participation of the local industries so they encourage all this under TVET system the curriculum is designed keeping in mind the needs of the local industries so they frame the curriculum in such a way so that the product can be absorbed by the local industries and local industries give input to the vocational training institute how they will frame their curriculum and government bears more than 70% cost of that vocational education and also they they give incentives to the students coming from rural areas for pursuing those vocational training so if we talk in the context of India or in the context of Assam we can see that we are also providing scholarship or assistance to the students but with no directions we are giving it in a wholesale manner so while doing so the society is not getting the proper direction I mean to say when subsidies available in all the sectors so people are choosing anyone or the easy one or whatever comes to come in front of them but when we provide subsidy particular to one sector to encourage that particular sector for example if we subsidize the vocational education or engineering education or computer education instead of subsidizing the general education what will happen the economically disadvantageous students will go for those courses which will be subsidized or which are subsidized again which will guarantee or ensure a job today so we also have a system in place and government has government is initiating many programs for skilling India but even then somewhere there is a gap so in order to reduce that gap between demand and supply of skill level we have to again see what lacks is there in our policies otherwise things are in place so if we look at future in the next few decades which will dominate so it is we all know technology and the smart economy the smart country they are already prepared themselves they have geared themselves and they will grab the opportunity as there will be huge demand for technology so if we talk about any industry nowadays any industry you talk about travel you talk about manufacturing you talk about production units you talk about hospital management every company you talk about retail trade every company is using technology extensively and this pandemic has given another boost to the use of technology so this is going to be or there is going to be huge demand for technopets in the future in the near future so we must be ready for that we must make ready more and more people who are able to handle technologies so beside that there are certain common criteria which the skilled worker need to be filled or the corporate houses they want their workers they want their employees to have some qualities like problem solving ability good communication skill active learning resilience and flexibility then digital literacy then analytic skill and critical thinking so these are common this should be present in all the among all the workers and employees beside having their domain knowledge so in in the recent time these are the some area which are in high demand that is python programming digital networks cloud computing blockchain general statistics and analytics so these are the area where there is a huge demand there will be huge demand of manpower that analytics is a extensively used thing nowadays every company they analyze analytics to forecast their or to analyze their performance to forecast their activities and to take to take various decisions so all companies all big big companies they are having this data analysis team data analytics team it's not like that with the researchers or the academicians are using much more than we are using so there is a huge demand and at a very high level they are using then there is another area which is which is which is giving employment that is the freelancing of the gig area so about 20 million people in India are engaged in freelancing activities and for freelancing also we also need some skills so it has become very important or very or necessary to import technological skills among the youth of India only then we can dominate the market so this is from my side thank you if anybody has any query then it can be posted in the chat box we will try to answer it so the next session will be delivered by Dr. Sanika Sanapati I request Dr. Sanika Sanapati to take over the session thank you Dipankar and a very good evening to all my colleagues senior faculties and the learners and also the research scholars who are present here so I will be actually delivering on entrepreneurship development opportunities and the opportunities that are available and also the schemes that the government has come up with I will be sharing my screen okay so the economic development of a nation am I audible yes you are okay okay so the economic development of a nation actually depends on its industrial development as Dipankar has already pointed out and the industrial development is actually based on the entrepreneurial competencies of the people also and this concept of building entrepreneurship among the people and among the youth is the need of the hour and entrepreneurship when you talk about entrepreneurship it begins with the action and the creation of new organization so this organization may or may not become self-sustaining and in fact may never earn significant revenues but when an individual create a new organization they have entered into this entrepreneurship so for this the risk taking ability then self-confidence then decision making ability the knowledge of to harvesting then economic motivation market orientation so these are some of the indicators that are the behaviors of an entrepreneurship entrepreneurship in India is quite challenging it was quite challenging in the past few years but now there has been opportunities for the entrepreneurs and many people many youth have come out with they are being now entrepreneurs so economic growth as I have said is important for a country and a successful entrepreneur can increase the pace of the economic growth of the country in India to motivate the entrepreneurs the Indian government has been continuously working in this direction several agencies like directorate general of training then national skill development agency and national skill development corporations and also in government has taken initiatives like start up India and make in India to foster the entrepreneurship entrepreneurship development among the youths so it is very important that an entrepreneur possesses certain basic business skills and entrepreneurship skills so without properly established business skills or starting a business is very difficult so a successful entrepreneur holds both the right characteristics, right qualities and the business skills that are needed like creativity ambiguity you know they should know some kind of financial skills they must have so when we talk about the successful entrepreneur it is of prime importance that they possess personal qualities also so here I have shut down some of the qualities that is very important like a big idea when a youth when the entrepreneur think about an idea it should be something better than the other then entrepreneurs set massive goals for themselves and stay committed to achieving them regardless of the obstacles that come in future or that come in their way they should be creative they should be innovative they should be resourceful then an entrepreneur should have his ability to organize the various factors that has an impact on the business so they should understand all the aspects of business again risk taking ability or quality is of great importance because they should be ready to bear risk and uncertainties in business then decision making is again one has to take right decision at right time and quick decisions are expected but a hasty decision should not be taken and also delaying decisions may increase the cost of the project or cost it reduces the profit an entrepreneur should be always a continuous learner and they should be always open to the changes like they should be updated with the latest technology or service techniques and are always ready to change if they see new opportunities are coming up or new opportunities are there they should have this negotiation skills also then ultimately they should have this strong believe in themselves often what happens is that a strong and as as a personality becomes a successful entrepreneur so these are some of the abilities that I have mentioned but there are many more abilities and qualities are there so here I would like to also mention about digital entrepreneurship so in a world which is now witnessing this COVID-19 pandemic and also with the continuous and radical changes in the technology and innovations especially after this COVID-19 pandemic, entrepreneurs are now also developing business ideas that capitalize on power of technology entrepreneurs now have the opportunity to offer new products and services to the consumers through social media platforms like Instagrams or Facebook or Twitter and also they are using this e-commerce and also artificial intelligence plays an important role to measure their impact and the reach of the market so again digital entrepreneurs gain access to funding and resources through various sources like venture capital capital is then crowdfunding the bank loans also after pandemic there is a huge potential and opportunities for entrepreneurs in the sector like healthcare and sanitation then logistics and e-commerce then digital marketing is booming and online learning is also booming so in this slide I have actually jotted down some of the opportunities that are available at the initiation level as well as in the expansion level so textile is one of the oldest in the fast growing sector in India and it exports 11% of the world's total requirements so there are this sector has been going to 2 parts that is the organized sector and the unorganized sector so the modern technology that has been used like machines and techniques for production and production of the textile sector and all unorganized we can say that the hand loom and the handicrafts etc again as I have said training and education the online tutoring services entrepreneurs nowadays coming up with online tutorials tutorials so with good facilities at the competitive rates the entrepreneurs can attract more students so this there are lots of opportunities in the field of training and education when you talk about tourism we all know that wide opportunities in India of course because of its rich heritage and because of the beaches the diverse culture, the wildlife but however due to covid situation there has been an impact of the movement of the tourist but there has been a local movement and therefore a lot of opportunities for entrepreneurs in the field of tourism is there and by providing good transport facilities hotels of course guiding the tourists so definitely then energy sector there are broad opportunities in this sector like the requirement of energy is rising due to many reasons like betterment in living styles living standards and industrial development, agriculture development so to fulfill the energy demand there is a need for production of energy then supply of electrical devices then agriculture and indication machinery so these are some of the scopes in energy sector again food products like producing, consuming exporting, transporting again when there is opportunity in waste management and recycling also so this sector has a broad opportunity to start like recycling plant then energy production from waste then waste treatment plant then waste collection services so these are few opportunities in this waste management recycling then healthcare yes of course there is a large opportunity in this sector also like manufacturing then online marketing of the medicine and online selling of the medicine so there are a lot of scope in healthcare sector again organic farming has been in India since last for a long time but the importance of organic farming has grown especially with many foreigners preparing organic products so there are many small time farmers who have adopted this organic farming but still the demand is still unmet so offering many this organic farming has a lot of opportunities for the entrepreneurs also again media then toys yes Indian toy market is not that well organized but there are business opportunities in the toy sectors also like toys for education then wooden toys then sponge toys then balloon making toy stores so there are opportunities in packaging also packaging materials for machinery, chemicals, fertilizers for food products for food products for fruits packaging there are many opportunities here I would like also like to mention about social entrepreneurship that is social ventures actually it is an approach by the entrepreneurs or the startup companies in which they develop and fund and implement solutions to social, cultural and environmental issues so entrepreneurs can help the less privileged to get into employment so this is also one of the important opportunities that is there again franchising we all know that India is well connected with the world and franchising with leading brands who wants to spread across the countries could really offer a lot of opportunities for the young entrepreneurs then there is biotechnology so after the software sector biotechnology opens a huge potential so entrepreneurs can look into this plethora of options that are available with the application of biotechnology in the agriculture sector maybe in the horticulture or sericulture apaltry, dairy and production of fruits and vegetables so these are few sectors that I have discussed here there are ample of scopes available for the entrepreneurs now let us move towards the government initiatives so India is witnessing a startup boom across all the sectors that I have mentioned including this technology, health and food education and to encourage the budding entrepreneurs to kickstart this innovative business that will eventually create employment opportunities the government is offering innumerable schemes to make the process easy so the startup India initiative it was launched by prime minister of India in the year 2016 and the idea of this initiative is to increase the wealth and employability by giving wings to the entrepreneurs periods it is one of the best government sponsored startup schemes for entrepreneurs because as it provides several concessions also then make an India initiative it has not only encouraged the manufacturers but also the Indian buyers trust and invest in the domestic brands again this micro units development refinance agency that has been created to enhance the credit facility and boost the growth of small businesses in the rural areas actually this scheme has been introduced to support small businesses in India again this self-employment and talent utilization fund this is to facilitate the growth of startup firms and it has been set up by the government and under this scheme these 1000 crore has been allotted by the government in order to create opportunities for self-employment and new jobs mainly in the technological given domains again there is EBS portal the main purpose of this portal is to transform and develop a conducive business environment in the country and actually it was developed by Infosys in a public private partnership model and actually it is a communication centre for the investors and the business communities in India again there is incubation centre it was started by in the year 2016 and it is an innovative funding scheme to promote entrepreneurs by covering their capital operational costs and in 2017 the department of science and technology DST introduced this new generation innovation and entrepreneurship development centre program and the program is implemented by the entrepreneurship development institute of India EDII and it promotes the knowledge based and technology driven startups again I have mentioned here about MSME market development assistance and these startups micro small and medium enterprise and retailers registered with the director of industries can avail this scheme to expand their businesses across the world through international fairs or exhibitions again to promote the woman entrepreneurship there is the woman entrepreneurship platform which is again launched by Niti Ayo and it is actually the existing women entrepreneurs across India again a scheme for promotion of innovation real industries and entrepreneurship aspire the government has made continuous effort to improve the social and economic aspect of people in the rural areas of India so the spare scheme actually aims at increasing the employability employment then reducing the poverty and encouraging them to be innovative especially in the rural areas again there is daily processing and infrastructure development fund the IDF so this is again the government of India scheme which is announced for the creation of daily processing and infrastructure development fund under NABARD and all the milk unions multi-state milk cooperatives or state dairy federations who meet the eligibility criteria and the project can borrow loan from NABARD so finally I have discussed about the venture capital assistance scheme the small farmers agribusiness consortium has launched this venture capital assistance scheme for the welfare of farmers who are also entrepreneurs and to develop their agribusiness so again there are many schemes are there which has been launched by government of India and to develop an entrepreneurship in India so here are some of the institutions that you know promote skill based entrepreneurship here I have mentioned about national entrepreneurship and small business development this institution come under the ministry of skill development and entrepreneurship and it is it is for the development of the skills and the entrepreneurship development then the second is the rural self-employment training institute which is which comes under national institute of rural development panchayat raj and this institute actually helps the rural people under various aspects of self-employment and again entrepreneurship then entrepreneurship development institute of India as we all know this institute helps you know young people to take up entrepreneurship then explore this social entrepreneurship that I have mentioned then also you know increase their livelihood and improve their family business then lastly I have mentioned about national institute of micro small and medium enterprise NIMSME so it is a national institute which supports micro small and business enterprises so these institutions actually support not just the youngsters but the women entrepreneurs also and the people from the urban areas for entrepreneurship and help and extend support whoever wants to be an entrepreneur by helping them you know with by connecting them with the larger system by providing training and education along with the right information the funding information and the market linkages that are necessary in India in Assam also there is institute of entrepreneurship there is a center technology incubation center at IIT Guwahati which conducts several initiatives to promote and inspire entrepreneurship so here actually I have mentioned some of the successful stories of some entrepreneurs who are successful like first like Vijay Shekhar Sharma who owned the company of PTM he is the founder of PTM the digitized payment payments in India actually his background is engineering but he start up with this with this thing and he is now successful again Ritesh Agarwal who is the founder of Oyo Rooms so he is an engineer he was an engineer but then what happens is that he was not interested in profession of this engineering and somehow he redirected himself and he wrote a book called Indian Engineering Colleges a Complete Encyclopedia of Top 100 Colleges so that book was very immensely popular on Flipkart after that he shifted to this startup called the Auroville Stace and he improvised his business model and relaunched Auroville as Oyo again there is Bhavish Agarwal who owns this Ola Cap then Dipendra Goyal and Pankaj Chhada who owns this Zometo this has revolutionized the delivery segment in India through you know from do-to-do delivery of the food again they were the IIT graduates then the company which is Flipkart which is owned by Viniv Bansal and Sachin Bansal they are the founders of Flipkart and this is the e-commerce segment of India which was under drastic change and again Baijus when I talk about the online learning there are scope for opportunities in education sector Baijus is an example for that Baiju Rabindran has helped thousands of students who struggle with subject maths for science and helped them to crack examinations like JEE, NIT and UPSC also so Dinstha and Saurav Kumar so there are many many examples successful entrepreneurs but when we talk about northeastern part of India I would like to mention here about Lila Charan Tata who owns this CK Udhya Private Limited and you know Lila Charan is an entrepreneur who runs the bee keeping business and here I also like to mention about Mr. O Lanko which is extraordinarily talented and have this business skill and he actually has this strawberry farm and he is a strawberry grower and strawberries have been sold in the village so this strawberry farm has created a long lasting impact on the lives of the people in the village also so there has been a substantial increase in the income of the people also around this farm and again Ms. Nila Soikya who is the exporter, distributor and supplier of chili whole drive and chili powders, chili flakes and again our tea planter Ranjit Burwa he has this Aromica Tea Private Limited again, Meghalib Burra who is a proprietor of Meghalifood products who deals with the items like pickles and various spices Dilip Burwa is also one of the entrepreneur who is famous and is a managing director of Fabric Plus Private Limited and actually Fabric Plus is based on Guwahati and is a manufacturer of Asamsil and they export this product to many countries again there is a there is a Kaushik Boran and his partners who have come up with BRN, BNR River Boom which is a cruise they come up with a houseboat kind of a thing which is the first of its kind and it sailed on the Brahmaputra River again Sanjupta Latta who has this Sanjupta studio she was an engineer and worked in the PWD with Government of Assam but eventually she thought she realized that she is not into this field and you know she tries something to do and follow her passion and after that she became a designer where she represented Assam in Let Me Fashion Week also so there was a time in India when much importance was given to the Government jobs but later higher pay scales and good perks given by the private sectors or multinational companies have greatly inspire people to go into the multinational companies or the private sectors and today Indian economy is undergoing an immense makeover with new strategies rolling in the market emphasizing and enhancing the role and contribution of the startups so with the environment in India for you know starting an own venture coming up with own organization has become conducive and a great deal of entrepreneurship opportunities there in India and more and more people are now prepared to take the slate and also for this Government has taken initiatives as I have said for the development of the Indian startups to initiate startup to you know encourage the entrepreneurship entrepreneurs and with this India I think India seems to be going ahead and it was the golden era of entrepreneurship thank you so much I would like to call upon Dr. Bhavindo Dekar to continue with the presentation very good a very good afternoon to my respected colleagues our research scholars and my dear learners my earlier list Dr. Dipankar Malakar and Dr. Sriyanka Sanapati has rightly pointed out the various opportunities and initiatives taken by the Government of India regarding the skill development and entrepreneurial development for creating employment opportunities so I will go for the reverse size of that is the space by the skill development and entrepreneurship development program in India am I audible yes sir but I am unable to open my video the host is not allowing me to so you are you can try now sir yes yes yes thank you so I will go for my slide presentation I will be sharing my screen is it sharing is it visible yes I will be I will be discussing regarding the challenges of skill and entrepreneurship development creating employment and it is something going difficult to look out in my screen is it broken out Navankur it is ok sir you can scroll down and continue yes yes yes so first of all the challenges regarding the skill development and employability keeping in view the current infrastructure and the policy framework of challenges while going for creating employability for skill development the challenges faced in the skill development may be discussed as insufficient infrastructural capacity it has been noticed that many skill development institutions have far from lack of proper infrastructure current infrastructure facilities available in the educational institutions throughout the country are inadequate considering the huge demand for skill level there are not even trained highly skilled trainers available next low rate of vocational training according to 12 time document of planning commission 85% of the labor force in India have educational qualification up to secondary level with which only 55% have as much as 55% have an educational qualification only up to primary level and merely 2% of workforce has any vocational training due to lack of awareness about industrial requirements and the availability of matching vocational courses most of the prospective prospective students in the country do not go for vocational education whereas around 90% of the jobs are that is they require some sort of vocational training in reality only 2% of the population enroll in vocational training in India as compared to 80% in Europe and 60% in East Asian countries next declining rate of employability according to skill India skill report India skill reports 2021 45.9% of the Indian graduates are employable however it is declining from 46.21% in 2020 and 47.38% in 2019 MCA graduates are the least in terms of employability as only 22.42% of them are employable followed by polytechnic at 25.02% the BTEC graduates are most employable with 46.82% followed by MBAs at 46.59% then lack of employment opportunities and skills for women and workforce despite women being more employable and hireable than men it is the men who secure most jobs on average 64% of all professionals are men while only 36% of the workforce is women in India however a hopeful sign for the structural economic changes in the future is that the women participants is higher than the previous 5 years another issue regarding this is that women in India are mainly concentrated in the informal sector and are engaged in low-paid jobs with no security benefits the next is the impact of COVID-19 as we all know the industries were impacted by the harsh reality of COVID-19 schools were closed operations in the formal sectors and informal sectors of the economy were disturbed unemployment rose high and the 1.3 billion Indians are challenged by an unexempted option opponent unexpected opponent the supply chain was weakened by less men the level was restricted in many results of the world corporate layoffs corporate layoffs resulted in a spike in unemployment the informal sector of the economy was facing heavy issues then funding run run dry the funding sources of all governments on short programs were largely unavailable during September October 2020 when the lockdown was extended this created a lot of stress on small-scale development organization as a result they were forced to downsize their project staff then skill gap in India where there exists an enormous skill gap between the demand from industries and the kind of skills sets the young people acquired through their various educations and trainings of all the students applying for roles in the labor market a mere one third of number had the skills to match the requirement of the employer though we have sufficient member but they are not skilled enough to get the job next is skill gap in the IT industry majority of the employable resources are qualified in their domain of education however the evolving economy needs a skill talent pool hence on experience in various emerging technologies the inclusion of technology assets across industries has created a high demand for professional with enough of not for learning new skills and industry specific certifications then skills mismatch there are a lot of issues related to the skills needed by the industry the skills imported by the educational and training institutes there is a lack of industry facility interaction because because of which the skill sets provided by the educational and training institutes do not end up suiting the employer's requirements as a result though the people may be skilled but they do not get employment next demand and supply mismatch in India there is a serious mismatch between the education and skills that the youth attain and what the labor market demands it has been observed that there are more people than the available jobs at the low skills level while there are more jobs at the high skill level level than those available for such jobs next informal and formal sector skill gap in India around 12 million people are expected to join the workforce every year whereas the current total training capacity of the country is around 4.3 million thereby decreasing around 64 applicants of the opportunity of formal skill development every year the next challenge is a training of trainers training of trainers that is duty is one of the important skill development framework and absence of inefficiency of the same would result in serious bottleneck in the implementation of skill development projects in India the gross requirement of trainers is approximately 79,000 furthermore the annual incremental requirement of trainers is approximately 20,000 20,000 whereas at present the current capacity of the trainers is only 2,000 then lack of mobilization the outlook of people associated with skill development is still very traditional the environment of the students for vocational education and training has become an extremely challenging task the next challenge is the geographical imbalances the states with much higher economic growth rates have more new jobs with lower rate of labor force while on the other hand the states with slower economic growth rates have higher population growth rates with fewer new jobs geographically geography wise candidates from Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu Uttarapadesh and Karnataka were found with highest employable talent while Hyderabad, Bengaluru and Phune again are among the cities moreover majority of foreign institutions are located in urban areas as compared to rural areas and even private sector institutions are also reluctant to operate in rural areas hence large opportunities of rural population do not have any formal vocational training institutions then lack of skill ability any model to be successful needs a lot of support from since there is a limited buy in from the corporate sector the progress of such initiatives is slow the next is low educational attainment vocational training in India is primarily imparted through the government and private industrial training institutes that is ITIs current annual training capacity of India is 4.3 million which is 20% less than the industrial requirement of 22 million skilled workers a year poor quality of education which result in lack of literacy and numeracy skills on the part of students these students finding extremely difficult to absorb even basic skills many skills stopped in curriculum are absolutely and they are in result is that workers are unable to find jobs according to their aspirations then lack of coordination between the job experience and employers there is a lack of platforms where industrial and government agencies can meet regularly for systematic implementation of curriculum for new skills ultimately it results in lack of coordination between the job experience and employers then unorganized sector do not get any kind of skilled training the private sector provides skill training as required by services service sector mainly to educated youth and largely in urban results ultimately hundreds of workers in sector do not get any kind of skill training which results in low productivity levels and employability gaps among majority of workers the next challenge is private sector participation the private sector is not involved in curriculum development and policy formulation relating to education and vocational training the next one is less than link challenges a major program India's existing skill development system is lack of linkage between education and placement of of that team workforce the next challenge is the lack of labor market institution information system that is LM highest the absence of proper labor management information system impacts the very objective impacts the very objective of the skill initiative in India as it results in full linkage between skill development and employment the last I have mentioned challenges of skill development is no focus on non-technical skills the vocational training centers in India is focusing on developing technical skills only whereas the employers feel the need of having behavioral skills also according to the India hiring intense survey the employers also focus on skills like skills like skills domain expertise communication honesty and integrity adaptability interpersonal skills etc. those are not covered as integral part of skill development so these are the challenges facing by facing in India while adopting skill development program for application of employment opportunities now I will point out some challenges regarding the entrepreneurship development while creating employment opportunities the first challenge facing by entrepreneurship entrepreneurship development in the field of entrepreneurship development is financing problem it is quite excellent tax for creating employability opportunities because the companies are facing some problems while starting a start up in India the first problem they are facing is financing problem getting funds for the business is one of the main issues that all business face is crucial for business businesses to endure and they always need to have extra funds to take care of rainy days while starting a new business and will certainly have restricted accessibility of funds then lack of planning it is impressive the number of start up fails since the fail to remember to do proper planning next one is the hiring the right talent not having the right people can produce extreme bottlenecks and also can delay the roll out of new products for services this is one of the issues that no start up can afford particularly in the early days the next one is of his infrastructure sufficient of his infrastructure workplace rent and associated costs are the first things that an entrepreneur should look at when he or she starting a new business it is quite a challenging task to get a suitable workplace then effective marketing within a limited budget some start up start up they can ignore marketing strategies entirely and hope that word of mouth will be sufficient for a start up it is essential to create visibility among the consumers effective marketing techniques within a limited budget should be made to reach the target for the answers next one is the creating awareness in markets start up fail due to a lack of attention to limitations in the markets the environment for a start up in India is usually more difficult than for an established firm due to the uniqueness of the product next one is the crisis entrepreneurs have to go through many stresses one of the constant problems faced by entrepreneurs is they may be related to its business or family even big entrepreneurs like Ratan Tata Anayana Murmuti have faced criticism and still face them as a new entrepreneur he see my face bit more next challenge is finding finding the right customers finding the customers it's really hard to attract customers for any company that is starting out especially if they are a business with a limited marketing budget this problem always plays a place on every entrepreneur's mind and the fact that people tend to stick with well known brands they are familiar with makes it harder for them to sell their products next one is facing failure it is not necessary that every ideas will work if you are trying a lot of new things not everything will work and will not succeed at each of these ideas then challenges involve in rural entrepreneurship the rural entrepreneurship is facing so many challenges namely family social challenges technological challenges financial challenges policies challenges etc and last one is current major issues in India are also influencing the entrepreneur development in India the current issues like corruption, illiteracy, poverty women's safety etc are influencing entrepreneurial development in India so this is all about from my side regarding the challenges facing by skill development and entrepreneurship development while going for creating employment opportunities thank you thank you all this session is open for discussion if someone have any observations and questions you can put here I request my fellow colleague Dr. Dipankal Malakar and Dr. Shreya Nikesanapati please handle sir there is one question from a query from she has asked women nowadays we can they are coming up with new ventures and an example of is this that Indian women worker cooperative involved in the manufacturing of various fast moving consumer goods specially known for its digital paper so this is a success story that we all know and it is also very important to help an assist women as an entrepreneur I think there are so many schemes available for them what do you all say on this so this query I would like to answer this take up this query yes we all know that this this Mahila Grieha Utyok ledger paper which is popularly known as ledger are involved in manufacturing of consumer goods and this is they are mainly known for ledger paper so this organization is mainly focus and their objective is to empower the women by providing them with employment opportunities so this is an example of women entrepreneurship and this was long back so when women should be encouraged for new ventures we all know that women consist of 50% of the total population and therefore they must be encouraged to contribute to the economy of the country and to be self-sufficient financially and mentally also so when women entrepreneurs normally we know that mostly they take up the labor intensive small scale and village industries or handicrafts related ventures and they have this potential in employment generation also so this is also a solution to the widespread problem of women unemployment to some extent so women should be they should be encouraged to be an entrepreneur and yes of course government of India has come up with many initiatives I've already mentioned about women entrepreneurship platform and there are special incentives and drives that have created that have strengthened the growth of women entrepreneurs the scheme like startup India that I have said then there are schemes like national credit fund for women then there are many schemes from net fee like women enterprise development schemes so there are lots of schemes that have been provided to the women entrepreneurs and definitely they if they contribute in the economy of the country they must be encouraged there is one more question from Gandip Mahananda Gandip Mahananda are you there Gandip Mahananda I think he has left the meeting anyway he has put two question one is how can we raise fund for the startup and secondly how to build a right and good team how we can raise a how we can raise funds for the startup so nowadays there are many schemes initiated by both central as well as state government there are many incubation centers where some of the incubation centers also arrange for necessary funds and in case of Assam it is the NEST which is situated in the in Umbari area near this near AGPO fees that is the organization which provide consultancy and all other help for a new startup in Assam so this is the best place I think to consult since it is a government agency for raising funds and how to raise funds that institute I think will best guide you and the next question is how to build a right and good team it is obviously very difficult question because it is related to managing the human resource so which is the most challenging task in the globe so it is always difficult to handle human resource so how one can build a good team number one the one should know the behavior of the person and accordingly we should react or treat number one number two is the leader or the person who is starting the business he must be accept the business secret other things must be disclosed to the team he must put faith on the team members and there should not be I mean the information should not be hide from the other members and there should be a democratic participation everyone's need to be or allowed to be participate or allowed to raise his or her voice and everything should be bring into light of everyone and decisions need to be taken in consultation so these are the some way through which one can nurture a good team that is again one skill it lacks among many Indian many Indian leaders many Indian of course businessman cannot succeed if he lacks this quality so one successful entrepreneur businessman must have to have the quality of building a team but so far the leadership is concerned it is yes it is obvious and it is very transparent that they fail to build the team so because of these reasons so one must be ever or must be alert about the others dignity of the rights others liabilities so and everyone must be this is how one team can be managed I have answered with the question is there any other question no so so we can think we have come to the end of this webinar I suppose if anybody has any query then they can raise their hands so we can take I suppose one more query if there is any if anyone to talk I think he has raised his hand are you there he can type his question and the question answer he can unmute himself and he can speak I think he is not there so thank you all for hearing we will conclude thank you