 Dear learners, welcome to the fourth and final part of our discussion on social change. Here we are going to mainly talk about the different factors of social change. By now we have learnt that society is constantly changing, it keeps on changing and change is the only reality and this social change is caused by different factors. I have already mentioned in the first part of our discussion that there are multiple factors which leads to social change. So, in this part of our discussion today, we are going to talk about the different factors. The first is the geographical factor. So, whenever there is a change in the geographic aspect, I mean the climate or the weather, you know, there is a social change. Take for example, global warming. It has led to tremendous changes and has affected our personal and social life. So, geography has a different, geography also has its influence, its impact on society and social life. So, geographical factor is a very important factor in bringing social change. Next is the demographic factor. By demography, we mean population, population size, age sex distribution, characteristics of fertility, mortality, so on, migration, so on and so forth. And all these demographic factors also influences or also brings changes in society. For example, in Assam, we all know that migration is a very heated, migration has led to massive changes in the demographic composition of Assam. And with migration, the people of Assam have been facing issue of immigration and with this immigration there is, I mean with tremendous immigration that Assam has been facing, there has been changes in the economy, in the quality of the region. Similarly, if in a particular region there is high mortality or very low fertility rate, it will also have certain kind of implications and it will also bring certain kind of changes. So, demographic factor also brings changes to society. Next is education. Education is a very, very important factor of social change. We all know that at one point of time, prior to the development of modern education, there were a lot of superstitious beliefs. People were guided, they were governed, directions were governed by a lot of superstitious beliefs. But with the development of education, the belief system has changed, there has been tremendous change in the way of life of people. It has led to country change and, you know, technological advancements and so on and so forth. So, education is a very, very important factor of social change. Apart from that, as I have already mentioned, technological factor is also a very important factor of social change. Technology too brings social change. It changes our social relations, our attitudes, our activities, for example, industrialization. With the coming up of machine-made production, it has led to massive social changes. It has changed even our social relations. People have been migrating from rural areas to urban areas. The traditional joint, there is a break up of the traditional joint family system. Today people are living in cities, they have nuclear families, they have less family time, so on and so forth. So, it has led to tremendous social changes. So, technology is a very important factor behind social change. Another important factor of social change is the political factor. You know, when we have different political parties, the political parties have different ideologies, they have different agendas and whenever a political party comes to power, they have formally different policies, they try to bring certain changes, their activities, their agendas, their policies bring different social changes. So, political factor is also a very important cause of social change. The other important factor of social change is the economic factor. We have already discussed about how technology leads to social change. So, with the boom of economy, with the growth of economy, the growth of economy accompanies, opening up of different livelihood opportunities for people. And that also brings social change. When there is recession, there is job cut, there is joblessness, you know, that also changes the social situation. On the other hand, economic boom may bring tremendous economic growth and that might also change the life of people. So, when there is economic boom or when there is economic downfall, it brings both of them, it brings social change. So, economy also is a strong driving force behind social change. It changes society for better or for sometimes it also changes society, brings worse kind of social changes. Next is, the last factor is the ideational factor, where you know, where the beliefs, the values, the new kind of beliefs develop and which leads to change. It is basically change in the attitude of the people, change in the mindset of the people, change in culture. All this comes under the ideational factor. So, we have different factors which brings social change. Most important is the technological factor. In the contemporary period, we have seen how technology has changed our life. Along with it, social change can be caused by geographical factors, by education, by political factors, by economic factors and also by ideational factors. Next is, the next factor. I have talked about the different aspects of our society. This is the first factor. Our social and spiritual values are different. I have talked about different aspects of our society. Our social and spiritual values are different by the different factors which bring geographical factors, by the different factors which bring religious factors, by the different factors which bring religious factors, There is a lot of thinking, scientific thinking, reasoning, logic, there is a lot of scientific thinking, there is a lot of modern thinking, there is a lot of development. There is a lot of thinking, scientific thinking, there is a lot of power, there is a lot of new policies, there is a lot of new education policies. In this month, August, June, July, August, I have been working on a new education policy, a new education policy. The technological factor is that we need to understand the human life of technology. We need to understand the human life of technology. I have written a book at home, a telephone, a whatsapp, communication is very easy. It is very difficult to communicate with people from abroad. It takes a lot of time, but it takes only a second. We have done a lot of research on technology, it is very difficult to understand the human life. Our technology is very difficult to understand. Now it is about automatic thinking, our way of thinking. You see, there is also a way of thinking, a way to think, a way to think. You will not know what it is. But this way a way of thinking, a way of thinking is not going to get good, it is a way of thinking in a way of understanding. I have written a book on this topic. Human life, what is the work of the way of thinking and how to think or know what will be the outcome of the work. But if we talk about the recession, we are talking about the downfall of the authority. We are talking about the crime of joblessness. We are talking about the downfall of the authority. We are talking about the downfall of the authority. We are talking about the downfall of the authority. We are talking about the attitude, belief, culture, and the life style of our homes. We are talking about the attitude, belief, culture, and the life style of our homes. We are talking about the attitude, belief, culture, and the life style of our homes. We are talking about the downfall of the authority. It is a technology advancement that affects us. We are talking about the downfall of the authority. I feel that my attitude towards the world is very different from other people I feel that my work is very different from what I do I feel that my work is very different from what I do There is a lot of different things in my work Thank you for watching, see you again with another delicious recipe.