 Placental dysfunction can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as premature births, low birth weight, and fetal growth restriction. Recent advancements in technology have allowed for better understanding of the relationship between placental dysfunction and these outcomes. This knowledge can now be used to inform clinicians about potential risks during pregnancies and help them develop targeted interventions to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This article was authored by Karen K. Mestin, Karen K. Mestin, Sandra L. Leibel, and others.