 Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankar IA's Academy for the date 11th of January 2020. The list of news articles taken up for today's discussion along with the page numbers of five different editions are displayed here. The handwritten notes in the PDF format and the time stamping of all the news articles taken up for today's analysis is available in the description section and also in the comment section for the benefit of the smartphone news. Let us now start our analysis. This discussion is based on the recent judgment which has been delivered by a three-judge bench of the Supreme Court regarding the restrictions of the central government in the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. In this discussion we shall be seeing few news articles and also an editorial which is based on this Supreme Court judgment. The syllabus that is relevant to the analysis of all these news articles and editorials is given here for your reference. First let us see the background of this issue in brief. See the special status which was accorded to the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir through article 370 was abrogated in August 2019. So based on this the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir was split into two Union Territories, Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir with state legislature and then Union Territory of Ladakh without a state legislature. Since then if you see the telecom and the internet services were suspended in both the Union Territories and in some portions it was relaxed but if you see overall there was a suspension of the telecom and internet services. So the entire population was not able to communicate with the outside world and it also affected the businesses. And also if you see the movement of people including the journalists was restricted in Jammu and Kashmir by the government by imposing section 144 of the court of criminal procedure. So we can see that many people were affected by this decision of the government. So based on this a Kashmir based journalist and a member of Rajisabha Mr Gulam Nabi Azad approached the Supreme Court under article 32 of Indian constitution to issue a writ for setting aside or quashing the orders of the government related to the suspension of telecom and internet services and also related to the curbs which were imposed under section 144. Here you need to know that as per article 32 of Indian constitution an individual can file a writ petition on the Supreme Court when they feel that their fundamental right has been violated. For example if you see in this case Mr Gulam Nabi Azad filed a writ petition telling that his fundamental right of movement was affected because he was not able to approach the people of his state. So if you see the Supreme Court has delivered its judgment on clubbing both these two different writ petitions Anuradha Basin versus Union of India and Gulam Nabi Azad versus Union of India. So let us see some important aspects of this judgment which has been discussed in all these news articles and the editorial. There are three aspects two are quite important aspect and we will also be seeing the third aspect of this judgment. Now first let us see the first aspect. The Supreme Court has intended to know whether the freedom of speech and expression and the freedom to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation trade or business over the internet is a part of fundamental rights under part 3 of Indian constitution or not. So based on the hearings and discussions in this case the Supreme Court has delivered the verdict. This verdict it has upheld that the freedoms of free speech expression and trade or business over the internet are fundamental rights under part 3 of Indian constitution. The Supreme Court has said that holding trade occupation or commerce dependent on the internet is a fundamental right under article 19 clause 1 G of Indian constitution. See this article 19 clause 1 G of Indian constitution provides for the right to carry on any occupation trade or business to all the citizens of India. Here the Supreme Court has clarified that the right to free speech and expression includes the right to disseminate information. It said that the state that is the government cannot restrict or deny free speech on the internet because the internet medium can circulate information widely. So the Supreme Court has said that these freedoms need to be constitutionally protected. In this regard the Supreme Court has also directed the government to review and revoke the orders suspending internet services which are found to violate the law. And if you see the Supreme Court further instructed the government to consider restoring the government websites then localized or limited e-banking facilities then hospital services and other essential services in the areas in the union territory of Chamon Kashmir where the government was otherwise not thinking to do so immediately. And also if you see the Supreme Court had said that suspending internet services indefinitely is impossible that is it is not permissible under the temporary suspension of telecom services public emergency or public service rules 2017. It said that the government was able to continue with the suspension of internet services because these 2017 rules did not define the word temporary and also there was no time limit which was prescribed under these rules for what is meant by temporary. So the Supreme Court has said that the word temporary must be defined and it also said that a complete and a broad suspension of telecom and internet services should be done only when there is an unavoidable situation. Then if you see the Supreme Court said that any order issued under these rules for suspending internet must adhere to the principle of proportionality. So what is this principle of proportionality? It means that the restriction should be proportionate to the necessity for such a measure and it must not extend beyond necessary duration. So only till the time when it is required the restriction must be in place. So this is what is meant by principle of proportionality. Here the government has argued that internet could be used to propagate terrorism in Chamon Kashmir. Therefore it challenges the sovereignty and integrity of India and hence the government had blocked the communication services under article 19-2 of Indian constitution. So this is what was the argument of the government. Here article 19 clause 2 of Indian constitution tells that the state that is the government can make clause to impose reasonable restrictions on the rights which have been conferred to citizens under article 19 clause 1. So the government can impose reasonable restrictions in the interest of sovereignty and integrity of India or in the interest of security of the state or in the interest of public order and such other matters which are mentioned under this clause 2. So this was the argument of the government. Now for this argument by the government the Supreme Court noted that though there is ample merit that is though what the government tells is true to a greater extent. But still the government should achieve peace in Chamon Kashmir without putting excessive burden on the fundamental right of freedom to speech. So here the Supreme Court has cautioned the government against the excessive utility of the proportionality doctrine in matters of national security. That is it means to tell that in the name of national security the government should not keep on imposing excessive restrictions on a particular region. So to summarize this discussion so far we can see that the Supreme Court has upheld that the freedoms of free speech expression and trade or business over the internet are fundamental rights under part 3 of Indian constitution. But if you see it has not given any concrete directions to restore the telecom and internet services. Instead it has asked the government to review and restore the services. And also if you see the Supreme Court refused to express any views on whether the access to internet is a fundamental right or not since it was not a part of the writ petition. If you remember during our 21st September the Hindu news analysis we discussed that right to have access to internet is a part of right to education as well as a part of right to privacy under article 21 of Indian constitution. Now don't confuse that high court judgment with this Supreme Court judgment because this Supreme Court judgment has upheld that the freedoms of free speech expression and trade or business over the internet are fundamental rights under part 3 of Indian constitution. But as such the Supreme Court has refused to give any views on whether the access to internet is itself a fundamental right or not. Because in the high court judgment we saw it is a part of the fundamental right but here it tries to find out whether access to internet itself is a fundamental right but Supreme Court carefully avoided this decision. So just have a clarity on this. Now if you see the second issue here the Supreme Court has sought to know if the imposition of restrictions under section 144 of the Court of Criminal procedure were valid or not. Now why the Supreme Court took this issue because the orders issued under section 144 in the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh did not explain the reasons why section 144 was imposed. Here the Supreme Court observed that repetitive orders under section 144 was an abuse of power and the government cannot misuse its power under the section 144 as a tool to prevent the legitimate expression of opinion or grievance or exercise of any democratic rights by the people and it said that the power was meant to be used only in case of public emergency or in the interest of public safety. Also if you see the Supreme Court noted that if a government thinks there is a threat to law and order then it must follow due procedure taking into consideration the rights of citizens and pass only appropriate and need based restrictive orders. So through this judgment the Supreme Court said that it merely sought to balance citizens liberty and their security so these are the two important issues which the Supreme Court has clarified. Now apart from this if you see there is one more aspect of this judgment see the government did not publish its orders since August 2019 regarding the restrictions that it imposed in both these Union Territories. So as a part of this judgment the Supreme Court made it mandatory for the government to publish each and every one of its orders. So now the government is bound to publish all the orders it passes regarding such restrictions and also if you see these orders can be challenged in a court of law. So these are the main aspects of this Supreme Court judgment. Now let us see an editorial based on this judgment of Supreme Court. See this editorial tells that the Supreme Court has failed to give a ruling on the validity of the government's actions and it has failed to hold the accountability of the government the way how the government exercise its powers. Also the Supreme Court judgment has failed to direct the restoration of telecom and internet services because we saw it did not direct the government to restore the services but instead it asked the government to review and restore the services. Next if you see this editorial welcomes a judgment on section 144 of this CRPC but here again the Supreme Court has restricted itself by telling that the government has to review all their orders under this section 144. And also we saw that the government did not publish any of its orders and the Supreme Court told that the government needs to publish its orders but here this editorial is of the opinion that the Supreme Court strike down the orders instead. And then if you see during our discussion we saw that the government imposed such restrictions based on the argument that internet could be used to propagate terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir. You can see that the government has a national security narrative that is in the name of national security the government is telling that it has imposed restrictions in Jammu and Kashmir. So this editorial is telling that this national security narrative has made the Supreme Court to deliver a judgment which is like an advisory opinion because throughout the judgment we saw that the Supreme Court did not direct the government to clearly take a particular stand but instead what it told was the government needs to review its orders. And actions. So you can see that Supreme Court has given a balanced judgment at the same time the Supreme Court has not revealed its opinion on the political actions of the government. Hence you can see that this editorial is titled as eloquently reticent. Here the word reticent means not revealing one's thoughts or feelings readily and in a very carefully worded way the Supreme Court has delivered its judgment. So this is all about this editorial to summarize this discussion. So far we have seen that the Supreme Court has asked the government to review the suspension of internet and telecom services and also to review the restrictions imposed under section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure and then to publish all the orders. And finally we saw the editorial which described this judgment as an advisory opinion. Let us move on to the next news article. This news article is about the index of industrial production or in short IAP which has been released for the month of November 2019. So in the context of this news article we shall be discussing in detail about what is meant by index of industrial production. Then we shall see the news article. The syllabus that is relevant to the analysis of this news article is given here for your reference. First let us see about index of industrial production. See this is an index which shows the performance of the different industrial sectors of the Indian economy. This index of industrial production is estimated and published on a monthly basis by the National Statistical Organization which comes under the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation. Note that this National Statistical Organization is formed by merging Central Statistical Organization and National Sample Survey Organization. Prior to this if you see the Central Statistical Organization estimated the index of industrial production. So you can expect a question on problems like who releases this index of industrial production. Be sure it is National Statistical Organization. Now let us see how this index of industrial production measures the industry performance. See it measures the short term changes in the volume of a production of a basket of industrial products during a given period with respect to that which is given in a chosen base period. Here you need to know the base period is the financial year 2011-2012. Initially before this it was financial year 2004-2005. Now it has been revised to 2011-2012. And here you also need to know that this index of industrial production is published with a time lag of 6 weeks from the reference month. That is why we are discussing the IIP of the month of November 2019 now. See earlier we just mentioned basket of industrial goods. See the present basket of industrial goods now has 407 items which comes under 3 broad categories. The 3 broad categories are mining, manufacturing and electricity. So if you take all these 407 item groups as 100% weightage then each item has the following weightage which is given here in this table. So now you need to just know about this base year 2011-2012 at present out of the 3 broad categories manufacturing category as the largest weightage which is around 77.6% which is followed by mining 14% and which is followed by electricity approximately 8%. So remember the weightages of the categories. So we can see that the manufacturing sector enjoys a huge weightage in this index of industrial production. Here it is to be noted that the item groups in the new series of index of industrial production has been classified as primary goods, capital goods, infrastructure goods, then intermediate goods, then consumer durables and consumer non-durables. Here if you see primary goods are only such goods which are directly obtained from natural sources and which can be used for further processing and consumption in manufacturing and power generating activities. For example like ores and minerals, then fuels, out of which diesel, kerosene, LPG can be obtained and also electricity. So these are some of the examples of primary goods. Next if you see capital goods, this involves the plants, machineries and goods which are used for further investments. For example like the boilers, then the air and gas compressors, then diesel engine, tractors, transformers, commercial vehicles etc. Next if you see what are infrastructure or construction goods, these are finished goods which are primarily used in the infrastructure industry or construction industry as an input. For example like paints, cements, cables, bricks and tiles, rail materials etc. Then what is meant by intermediate goods? See any good or product which are produced as incomplete product or which goes as input in the production for further finishing or for forming a part of the product. For example you can take the example of cotton yarn. Cotton yarn is itself a finished product when you are obtaining the yarn from cotton, but if you see this cotton yarn is being used to make the apparels. So we can tell this cotton yarn is an intermediate good. So this is an example for intermediate good. Next if you see consumer durables, these are those products which are directly used by the consumers and which have a longer durability. That is say for more than 2 or 3 years like pressure cookers, air conditioners, tires, telephone, mobile instruments, TV sets, then your passenger cars, two wheelers, gold jewellery etc. Next if you see consumer non durables, these are those products which are directly used by consumers but it cannot be preserved for longer periods. For example majority of your food products like soybean oil, full cream or the milk powder, then the milk itself, then rice, biscuits or cookies, sugar, tea, cigarettes etc. So all these come under consumer non durables. Now from this table you can also know the weightage of the different item groups in the new series of the index of industrial production. Just remember there are 6 items. Next we will discuss about the 8 core industries within the index of industrial production. This comprises about 40.27% of the total weight of items which are included in the index of industrial production. Now the 8 core industries are cold, crude oil, natural gas, refinery products, fertilizers, steel, cement and electricity. Now we also need to remember the weightages industry wise because if you remember there was a previous question and problems based on the weightage of the 8 core industries within this index of industrial production. So always try to remember the weightage. If you see every month the Office of Economic Advisor compiles and releases the index on 8 core industries which is called as the index of 8 core industries in short ICI. So know that it is a monthly report and this Office of Economic Advisor comes under the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. So these are some of the details that you need to know regarding this index of industrial production. So why this index of industrial production is significant? The All India Index of Industrial Production provides a single representative figure to measure the general level of industrial activity that is happening in an economy on a monthly basis. And if you see this is free from influences like price changes. So this is the significance of this index of industrial production. Now let us see the news article according to the news article the index of industrial production has recorded a growth of 1.8% for the month of November 2019. Now this value is significant because for past few months IAP was contracting that is it was not growing. And here the news article has compared the IAP growth in November 2018 which was 0.2% but in November 2019 the growth is 1.8%. So the growth in this IAP is mainly because of the improvement in the manufacturing and mining sectors. We saw three major categories manufacturing, mining and electricity out of these three manufacturing and mining have seen an improvement. So the growth for November 2019 was 2.7% and then the growth in the mining sector was 1.7%. But if you see the electricity generation shrank by 5%. So these statistics are not that much important but just try to know the trends of the recent index of industrial production. Apart from this this news article also tells that the capital goods, infrastructure and construction goods contracted whereas at the same time the consumer durable segment witnessed a negative growth. At the same time the consumer non durable segment recorded some growth. So these are some of the recent trends of the index of industrial production for the month of November 2019. This is all about the discussion of this news article. In this news article we have discussed in detail about the index of industrial production, about the basket of industrial goods, about the categories, then about the eight core industries and finally we saw the news article. Now have a look at the practice question. Let us move on to the next news article. This news article is about the recent deployment of INS Vikram Aditya and the Arabian Sea. In the context of this news article we shall be discussing in detail about INS Vikram Aditya, then about its features and the significance of the present move which is mentioned in the news article. In the course of the analysis we will also be seeing about INS Viratan, INS Vikrant. The syllabus that is relevant to the analysis of this news article is given here for your reference. First let us see about INS Vikram Aditya. See INS Vikram Aditya is the largest ship in Indian Navy. At present it is a country's only active aircraft carrier. It is to be noted that INS Vikram Aditya was not indigenously built. It was formerly known as Baku or Admiral Goshkov. See it is a key class aircraft carrier which was formerly used by the Soviet Navy and it was officially decommissioned by the Soviet Navy in the year 1996. Then this was later purchased by the Government of India after several modifications and improvements and with the new name INS Vikram Aditya the ship joined Indian Navy in the year 2013. Now let us discuss some of the features of INS Vikram Aditya. Know that INS Vikram Aditya is also called as a floating city because of its huge size and facilities. See the ship is capable of operations up to a range of over 7000 nautical miles that is roughly 13000 km. Here note that the ship is actually boiler powered and it is not nuclear powered. The power generation capacity which is present on board is about 18 megawatts which is enough to cater to the lighting requirements of a small city. Then if you see the ship has advanced sensors which includes long range air surveillance radars then advanced electronic warfare suit etc. So all these equipment make the ship capable of maintaining a surveillance of over 500 km around the ship. Now let us discuss the aircraft carrying capability of the ship. See INS Vikram Aditya has the ability to carry over 30 aircraft comprising of MiG-29K, then Sea Harrier, then Kamau-31, then Kamau-28, Sea King, Dhruv and Chetak helicopters. Here if you see this MiG-29K swing roll fighter is the main offensive platform and if you see it is one of the greatest plus in Indian Navy's maritime strike capability. They have a range of over 700 nanometer and they have an array of weapons which includes anti-ship missiles, then beyond visual range add-to-add missiles, then guided bombs and rockets. Then apart from this if you see there are some combat systems on board the INS Vikram Aditya which are controlled by LESORUM-E. See it is a computer aided action information system. It gathers data from the ship's sensors and this data links and creates the comprehensive situation awareness. Then apart from this if you see there is also one more prominent equipment which is the resistor E radar complex. This is an automated system which has been designed for providing air traffic control for approach landing and also for short range navigation for ship-borne aircraft. Then apart from this INS Vikram Aditya also has a very modern communication complex CCS-MK-2 in order to meet the external communication requirements. Then also it has a link to tactical data system. This allows INS Vikram Aditya to be fully integrated with Indian Navy's network-centric operations. So these are some of the significant features of INS Vikram Aditya. Now in this context let us also discuss in brief about INS Virat and INS Vikrant. First let us see INS Virat. See it was once the flagship aircraft carrier of Indian Navy. It was actually the former HMS Hermit ship of the Royal Navy of UK. Then later this aircraft carrier joined Indian Navy in the year 1987 and it worked till the year 2017 when it was decommissioned. So this is all about INS Virat. Now if you see INS Vikrant it is the first indigenous aircraft carrier which is being built in India. It is expected to join Indian Navy in 2021-2022. See this aircraft carrier should not be confused with Indian Navy's former aircraft carrier INS Vikrant R-11. See that INS Vikrant R-11 was decommissioned in the year 1997 almost before 22-23 years back. So this is the reason we said at present INS Vikram Aditya is the only aircraft carrier in Indian Navy. So this is all about INS Vikram Aditya and INS Virat and Vikrant. Now let us discuss the news article. According to the news article the deployment of aircraft carrier INS Vikram Aditya and the Arabian Sea assumes significance as China and Pakistan are holding their military exercise in the region. See this China-Pakistan naval exercise is codenamed as Sea Guardians 2020. According to the news article this is aimed to increase the interoperability and strategy cooperation between Pakistan and China navies. See though this is not a direct threat to India this exercise would give immense exposure to China in the region. So the news article says that aircraft carrier INS Vikram Aditya with MiG-29K fighters on board has been sent to Arabian Sea with a strategic objective. Here this term strategic objective means to show India's strength in the Arabian Sea region. So this is all you need to know about from this news article. To summarize this news article we have seen in detail about INS Vikram Aditya's features and significance. And then we saw about INS Virat and Vikrant and finally we saw the news article. How INS Vikram Aditya has been sent to Arabian Sea with a strategic objective. Now have a look at the practice question. Let us move on to the next news article. This news article is based on the recently released strategic document which is titled National Strategy for Financial Inclusion for India 2019-2024. In this news article some of the key recommendations of this strategic document released by RBI has been discussed. So in the context of this news article today we shall be seeing what is meant by financial inclusion. Then we shall see some of the previous measures which have been taken by the Reserve Bank of India to achieve financial inclusion in India. And why still the inclusion is not achieved fully in India, what are the impediments. And finally we will see how RBI is going to target with the help of this strategic document and other related details. The syllabus that is relevant to the analysis of this news article is given here for your reference. First let us see what is meant by financial inclusion. See financial inclusion is the process of ensuring access to appropriate financial products and services to all the sections of the society. So this ensures services to all the sections particularly if you see the vulnerable groups such as the weaker sections and the low income groups. And these services should be available at an affordable cost and also in a fair and transparent manner so that it reaches even to the weakest section of the society. In India if you see this financial inclusion is provided by mainstream institutional players like commercial banks, then the regional rural banks and so on. So in simple words we can tell that financial inclusion is to make banking services available to the masses and credit access to the poor and the excluded sections of the society. Hence financial inclusion is increasingly recognized as a key driver of economic growth and also a key driver of poverty alleviation that is to remove poverty worldwide. See if we look in the past the policy makers of India that is the government of India and the Reserve Bank of India have taken some measures to achieve financial inclusion. Since they had an early realization about the importance of financial inclusion in reducing poverty and achieving financial stability in India's economy. So for that purpose the government of India nationalized the bank operations for few commercial banks in the year 1969 and then in the year 1980. And also if you see similarly the Reserve Bank of India took similar initiatives like priority sector lending requirements for the banks which targeted few specific sectors like agriculture and allied activities then micro small and medium enterprises. Then if you see Art Bay also established regional rural banks to provide banking services to the rural and semi urban areas. And then if you see there is also this service area approach which aims for orderly development of the rural areas within the country. This is nothing but the lead bank scheme of RBA if you remember there was a prelims question in the previous year 2019 prelims on this service area approach under the lead bank scheme. Then apart from this if you also see Art Bay took some initiatives to have self help group and bank linkage program to serve the population which lack access to the formal banking services. Then apart from this if you see Art Bay also set up local area banks which majorly finance agriculture and allied activities then small scale industries then agro industries in the rural and semi urban areas. So you can see that all the above steps which we have discussed now were aimed at making banking services benefit the common masses by making them available to them. And these yielded impressive gains because of this the outreach of banking services expanded to a larger extent and because of this there was also an increase in the extent of credit that is the money that was given to the population. But if you see even now financial inclusion is not yet fully achieved in India. This is because there are certain structural challenges which impedes the progress of financial inclusion. So what are these structural challenges? If you see the challenges may be from both demand side as well as supply side. On the demand side say for example limited financial literacy serves as an important barrier to demand for services. Say if individuals are not familiar with products or if they are not comfortable with a particular banking product then they will not demand them. So raising the financial literacy will support social inclusion and also financial literacy will enhance the well-being of the community. Now coming to the supply side the major impediment is the absence of technology. If there is no technology then the expansion of banking services is restricted. Especially if you see banking services to far flung areas of India which comprises around 6 lakh plus villages is restricted. So in the absence of technology developing a cost effective delivery model is also a challenge. So this is the supply side impediment. Now because of these demand and supply side impediments there is less accessibility in the financial services. And the financial services are more costly to the individuals and also to certain firms and companies. But on the other hand consider if there is access to formal finance then it can boost job creation then it can increase the investments in human capital and so on. So in a nutshell financial inclusion has a multiplayer effect in boosting the overall economic output then in reducing poverty then in reducing the income inequality at the national level. And apart from that financial inclusion of women is particularly important for gender equality and also for women's economic empowerment. Now the Reserve Bank of India has again realized the importance of this financial inclusion. So it has come up with the strategic document to achieve the financial inclusion to the fullest. And this document is titled as National Strategy for Financial Inclusion for India 2019-2024. See it has been prepared by the Reserve Bank of India under the ages of Financial Inclusion Advisory Committee. So it is based on the inputs and suggestions from the Government of India then other financial sector regulators like SEBI then Insurance Regulatory Development Authority of India then PFRDA which is the Pension Fund Regulated Development Authority etc. So what is this National Strategy for Financial Inclusion for India 2019-2024? See it is a document which includes the following the analysis of constraints in financial inclusion in India then it speaks about specific financial inclusion goals then it also discusses about the strategy to reach the financial inclusion goals and it has also given some mechanism to measure the progress. So we can see that it has come up with a set of recommendations and action plans to support sustainable financial inclusion for over the next five years that is from 2019-2024. Now under the strategic document RBI has identified six strategic pillars to make the financial services more inclusive. They are universal access to financial services then providing basic book here financial services then access to livelihood and skill development then financial literacy and education then customer protection and grievance literacy then effective coordination. Now under each of these six strategic pillars this national strategy as Enmission Action Plans and Milestones which needs to be targeted. Now let us have a look into some of the key recommendations which have been formulated in this National Strategy for Financial Inclusion under the key strategic pillars. First let us look at the first strategic pillar which is universal access to financial services. See this strategic pillar as three key objectives. The first one is by March 2020 there must be an increased outreach of banking outlets of the schedule commercial banks, payment banks, small finance banks etc. In every village within a 5 kilometer radius or in every hamlet of 500 households in the Ili areas. Next if you see the second objective under this first pillar by March 2022 digital financial services in all the tier two tier six centers should be strengthened with necessary infrastructure. So the purpose is to move towards a goal of less cash society by the year 2022. Then if you see there is one more objective under this first pillar where by March 2024 every adult must have access to a financial service provider through a mobile device. So these are some of the important objectives under the first strategic pillar. Now if you look at the second strategic pillar which is providing basic bouquet of financial services it has some objectives. Like by March 2020 every willing and eligible adult who has been already enrolled under Pradhan Mantri Jhandan Yojana must be enrolled under an insurance scheme under pension scheme. Next if you see by March 2022 the public credit registry should be made fully operational so that the authorized financial entities can leverage on this public credit registry for assessing the credit proposals from all citizens. So these are some of the examples. Just remember the six strategic pillars from exam point of view. Similarly you can see RBI has also envisioned action plans for four more strategic pillars along with certain targets. This is quite an ambitious strategy but to achieve the goals that are mentioned under this strategy plan it needs substantial efforts not only from the banks and other financial institutions but also from the key stakeholders who are none other than the common masses that is the people of India. And in India when we talk of inclusive growth there are three sections that warrant special focus. One is the small and marginal farmers and the sharecroppers. Next is the micro and small industries and then the low salary earners in the unorganized sectors. So collectively all these sections make a significant part of the population and this significant part of the population needs enhancement in their financial capabilities. Because these sections are the important contributors to countries GDP and labour force. So the credit absorption capacity of this section of population needs to be enhanced. That is the section of population should have available to money or we can tell in other words it should have access to credit. And also this section must have financial literacy. So a smooth credit access along with financial literacy will help the section move away from the informal to the formal source of finance. So this is all about the strategic document title national strategy for financial inclusion for India 2019-2024 which has been released by the Reserve Bank of India. To conclude we can tell that the financial inclusion can be achieved in India only through synergistic efforts between the mainstream financial entities and the fringe players like the rural cooperative banks then the non banking financial companies then credit societies NGOs etc. So all of them have a greater role to achieve financial inclusion in India. This is all about the discussion of this news article. To summarize this news article analysis we have seen what is meant by financial inclusion. Then we have seen some of the measures which have been taken by the government of India and the Reserve Bank to achieve financial inclusion in the past. And we also saw some of the reasons why financial inclusion was not completely achieved in India what were the impediments. And finally we saw in detail about this strategic document title national strategy for financial inclusion for India 2019-2024 which has been released by the Reserve Bank of India. Now have a look at the practice question. Let us move on to the practice questions discussion session. Look at the first question which is on index of industrial production two statements have been given and you need to choose the correct statements. Look at the first statement it tells that IEP is an index which shows the performance of only manufacturing sector of the Indian economy. This statement is wrong because the index of industrial production indicates the performance of different industrial sectors like mining, manufacturing and electricity. And IEP measures the short term changes in the volume of production of a basket of industrial products during a given period with respect to that in a chosen based period which is 2011-2012. At present this basket of industrial products has 407 items under three broad categories which are mining, manufacturing and electricity. So it is not just only manufacturing but mining, manufacturing and electricity so the first statement goes wrong. And out of these three broad categories the maximum weightage is manufacturing followed by mining and then electricity. Now look at the second statement. It tells that IEP is estimated and published on a monthly basis by the National Statistical Organization. Yes, this statement is correct. IEP is now estimated and released on a monthly basis by the National Statistical Organization which comes under the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation. Note that the National Statistical Organization is formed by merging Central Statistical Organization and National Sample Survey Organization. Prior to the formation of this National Statistical Organization, the Central Statistical Organization estimated the index of industrial production. So this statement is correct. Now you need to choose the correct statements, the correct answer is option B2 only. Now look at the next question which is based on INS Vikramaditya and INS Vikrant. Look at the first statement. It tells that INS Vikramaditya is the first indigenous aircraft carrier of India. This statement is wrong. INS Vikramaditya is the country's only active aircraft carrier at present. And if you see, this was not indigenously built aircraft carrier. It was formerly known as Bakur Admiral Gorskow and it is a key class aircraft carrier which was formerly used by the Soviet Navy. Then the Soviet Navy decommissioned it and India purchased this aircraft carrier, made some modifications and thus we have INS Vikramaditya and at present it is the only active aircraft carrier of India. If you see the first indigenous aircraft carrier of India is being built at present which is INS Vikrant. So from this we can tell that the second statement is wrong because if you see the second statement it is given as INS Vikrant is a key class aircraft carrier formerly operated by Soviet Navy. You know it is wrong. It is the first indigenous aircraft carrier which is being built in India and it is expected to be commissioned by the year 2021-2022. So here both the statements go wrong and you need to choose the correct statement. So the correct answer is option D neither one nor two. Now look at this question. The question is the National Strategy for Financial Inclusion for India 2019-2024 document has been released by which of the following? The given Ministry of Finance, Reserve Bank of India, Monetary Policy Committee, Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs. The question is on financial inclusion and all the options are related to finance. Here you need to know that this document has been released by the Reserve Bank of India under the ages of Financial Inclusion Advisory Committee. So the correct answer to this question is option B Reserve Bank of India. With this we come to the end of the analysis of all the news articles taken up for today's discussion and also the practice questions discussion session. If you like the video press the like button, comment and share. And do subscribe to Shankar IAS Academy YouTube channel for latest videos and updates. Stay focused and motivated friends. Thank you.