 A very good evening aspirants, I welcome you all to the Hindu Daily News Analysis brought to you by Shankar Ayes academy. Today I am going to cover important news articles from the Hindu newspaper dated 10th of February 2023 and displayed here all the stuff news articles that we will be discussing today. You can go through it and a kind request to you all those who haven't yet subscribed our YouTube channel do subscribe and hit the bell icon button to get regular notifications regarding our content videos. With this now let's get into our first news article discussion. Now have a look at this editorial article here it talks about the deepening India-France relations. This editorial is written because on the occasion of India's Republic Day we celebrated the 25th anniversary of the signing of the Indo-French Strategic Partnership. See France has stood by India through the canteen beginning with 1998 when India conducted nuclear tests. The entire world was raged against India. At that time France played a critical role in limiting India's isolation in the world stage. Since then India and France have deepened their strategic partnership to such an extent that there is no major irritant in the relationships even today. This article has given us a brief over the areas of cooperation between two countries. Now we will try to understand what the article says in detail in this discussion. Now before that the syllabus relevant to this discussion is given here you can go through it. Now firstly talking about the trade relations France has emerged as a key trading partner of India with annual trade off 12.42 billion US dollars in 2021-22. It is the 11th largest foreign investor in India with a cumulative investment of 10.31 billion US dollars from April 2002 to June 2022. Now see this image here France represented one percentage of the total foreign direct investment inflows into India in 2017. Now the number is increased to 1.70 percentage. This is about the trade aspect. The second aspect that we can talk about is on defence. See France has emerged as a key defence partner for India. They are our second largest defence supplier in 2017 to 2021. France has emerged as a major strategic partner for India with many crucial defence deals. A good example of this is the induction of French Scorpion conventional submarines which are being built in India under technology transfer agreement of 2005 between India and France. Another example of the deepening defence ties is the 36 Raphael fighter jets received by our Indian Air Force from France. Apart from this the two countries also regularly hold joint exercises that is Varunov or Navy, Garuda for Air Force and Shakti for Army. Over the years France has not only intensified joint exercise with India but is also now undertaking joint patrols at sea together such as the one organized from the Union island. This is about defence aspect. Thirdly the author of the article talks about the maritime ties between the two countries. See Indian France are resident powers of the Indian Ocean and in the Indo-Pacific. Yes France is a resident power in Indo-Pacific. See this is the map of French overseas territories in Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. La Reunion, Mayota in the Indian Ocean, New Caledonia, French Polynesian and Valicette Futuna in the Pacific Ocean. So France is also an Indo-Pacific nation. The importance of Indian Ocean region was visible during the visit of French President's visit to New Delhi in 2018. The leadership of both countries welcomed the joint strategic vision of India-France cooperation in the Indian Ocean region. This presented a blueprint for strengthening of ties. So in the maritime space, both countries have a combination for a free, fair and open Indo-Pacific. Therefore, Indian France in September 2022 agreed to set up an Indo-Pacific trilateral development corporation fund that will support sustainable innovative solutions for countries in the Indo-Pacific region. This is all about maritime ties. Finally, there are other areas as well where the two countries cooperate. The author quotes many instances when the two countries had been supportive of each other. For instance, France was among the first countries with which India signed a civil nuclear deal. Then as I earlier mentioned, France played a crucial role in limiting India's isolation in the non-proliferation order after the 1998 nuclear tests. Then as a sign of expanding cooperation, France also supports India's bid for permanent membership of the UN Security Council and also for India's entry into the nuclear supply group. With that being said, India has also supported France in the Paris Agreement by expressing its strong commitment towards mitigating climate change impact. Then India and France, through joint efforts, launched the International Solar Alliance in 2015. Apart from this, France and India are also implementing together an Indo-Pacific natural parks partnership. The key objective of this partnership is to build capacities in the Indian Pacific region for sustainable management of productive areas. This can be done by gathering and sharing the experiences and expertise that exist in the region. Apart from this, we have also shared concerns. See both countries share concerns for the rise of China and its aggressive behavior regionally and globally. Therefore, India and France have committed to work together to ensure that there is no imbalance in the Indo-Pacific. The author says that there are diverging strands between the two countries over the Ukraine crisis. Having said that, there is also a broad understanding of each other's position and both countries are working together to coordinate on playing a constructive role in the crisis. Besides this, both countries are now pushing towards cooperation in issues such as digitization, cyber security, green energy, a blue economy, ocean sciences and space. The author concludes by saying that India's partnership with France is built on common values and goals. And both have underlined the importance of maintaining strategic autonomy. So as per the author, since we share a long strategic partnership, there are more areas ahead for further collaboration. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw about different aspects of India-France relations. See these points are very much important for your main exam. If UPSC asks Kushin about India-France relations, you can code these points to enrich your answer. Now with these key points in mind, let's move on to the next news article discussion. Now have a look at this news article. It is reporting about the launch of small satellite launch vehicle that is SSLV from the satellite launch site of Shri Hari Kotta. Today morning, SSLV was successfully launched and it also successfully placed three different payloads to the low-earth orbit. This is the crux of the news article given here. Now in this context, let us learn about SSLV in Prillam's perspective and we will also see some facts about today's launch. Now first, let's start with SSLV. See small satellite launch vehicle which is shortly known as SSLV is a new launch vehicle designed and developed by Indian Space Research Organization that is ISRO. Today's launch was the second launch of SSLV. The first launch of SSLV which took place in the month of August last year was a failure. So this is all about the background. Now moving on to see the technical details of the vehicle. See SSLV is a three-stage launch vehicle configured with three solid propulsion stages and it also has a liquid propulsion-based velocity trimming module as a terminal stage. Here the velocity trimming module is used to insert the satellite into the intended orbit. That is, the velocity trimming module is used to correct the respotion in velocity that can occur at the time of satellite injection. Now talking about the fuel, all three stages of SSLV's solid propulsion use, HTPB as a fuel. Here HTPB is expanded as hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene. The final velocity trimming module is based on liquid propulsion which uses bi-propylene. They are monomethyl hydrazine and MON3. Here MON3 stands for mixed oxides of nitrogen with 3% nitric oxide. See during the launch of the first SSLV mission, this liquid fuel-based final velocity trimming module only malfunctioned and this resulted in the failure of the mission. With this, now let's see about the payload capacity of SSLV. See the total weight of the SSLV is around 120 tons. It is capable of launching mini micro or nano-satellites within the weight range of 10 to 500 kg into the 500 kilometer planar orbit. And this is all about the technical specifications of the SSLV. Here you may have a doubt. Why ISRO developed this launch vehicle when we have other better launch vehicles? See SSLV is mainly developed to undertake cost-effective satellite launching. The infrastructure needed for SSLV's launch is very minimal when compared with PSLV or GSLV launch systems. That's why ISRO has developed SSLV. Now coming to the significance of SSLV, the SSLV can aid India in providing private satellite developers in India a low-cost SS2 space. As you all know, Indian government is trying to bring in private entities into the emerging space sector in our country. So this SSLV is one such strategy brought out by the Indian government to further this goal. Apart from this, SSLV also offers low turnaround time and flexibility in accommodating multiple small satellites. This is all about the significance of SSLV. Now before ending our discussion, let us see a few points regarding the three payloads which got launched today by the SSLV. See SSLV-D2 injected EOS-07 that is Earth Observation Satellite-07, Janus-1 and Asadi-Sat-2. See these satellites are injected into the 450-kilometer circular orbit. Here the satellites EOS-7 and Asadi-Sat-2 are Indian satellites whereas the Janus-1 is a US-based satellite. As I said earlier, EOS-7 refers to Earth Observation Satellite-7 and it is a government satellite. Now coming to Asadi-Sat-2, see this satellite is built by HNA-based satellite startup called Space Kids. So to say simply, SSLV launched one Indian government satellite, one Indian private satellite and one US-based satellite. This is all about the payloads which got launched today. With this, we have come to the end of this discussion. This discussion we saw about ISRO's Small Satellite Launch Vehicle, its specification and significance and finally we also saw some points about today's launch. Now with these key points in mind, let's move on to the next news article discussion. Now see this article here, it is about the pending cases in High Court and Supreme Court. As per the news article, there are 59.87 lakh cases pending in 25 High Courts. In Supreme Court, there are about 69,000 cases or pending. This is about the news article given here. This is alarming because there is this famous phrase which says, justice delayed is justice denied. So in our discussion today, we will see the reasons for the pending cases in High Courts and Supreme Court and its implications. Before that, the syllabus relevant to this discussion is given here. You can go through it. Now we will begin with the status of pending cases in India. Now look at this graph here, it shows the data about the pending cases in Supreme Court. As you can see over the years, there is a consistent amount of pending cases available in Supreme Court. Likewise, this graph here shows the pending cases in High Courts in India. Here the pending cases are in lakhs. As of 2021, there were 57 lakh cases pending in High Courts. Now it has increased to 59 lakhs and among these pending cases, 72% of them are civil cases. Now in the case of subordinate courts, it is worse actually. See this graph here, the number of pending cases are in crores. There of the total pending cases, 73% of them are criminal cases. Like I said, this condition is really worse. See it is observed that the total pending cases in India across all courts have increased by 2.8% annually between 2010 and 2020. So every year the pending cases grew by 2.8%. Now what do you think is the reason for such increase in the pending cases? The first and foremost reason is the low strength of judges in all the courts. See at the time of commencement of the Constitution, the Constitution envisaged the Supreme Court to consist of Chief Justice and 7 other judges. And it left it to the Parliament to increase the number of judges. As of now, the number of judges in Supreme Court is increased to a maximum strength of 34. Within these 72 years, the strength of the Supreme Court has only increased to 34. So low strength of judges is seen as the main problem to the pending cases. Secondly, a lot of vacancies are there in many courts. As per an analysis by PRS Legislative Research, vacancies increased from 18% to 21% across courts between 2010 and 2020. As we saw before, already there is low strength of judges. And in this, if these judges positions are not filled, then it will result in pendency only right. Thirdly, the reason is awareness. Yeah, you heard me right. Citizens are now being aware of the rights that they are entitled to. So if the rights of the citizens are violated, they are not hesitating to approach the court. This tends to increase the cases in the courts. Fourthly, factors such as appeal, judicial activism, PIL. See, they can also contribute to increase of pending cases. Consider that a case is tried in a subordinate court. It can be appealed in high court. And high court's order can be appealed in Supreme Court. So the appeal can increases the burden of the courts. Fifthly, over-criminalization leads to increase in number of cases. So this directly affects the number of pendency cases. And finally, lack of sufficient infrastructure also increases the number of pending cases. Think about it now. To clear a case, investigation has to be done right. If there is no sufficient infrastructure to investigate the case, then it will result in delaying of clearing that case. So lack of adequate infrastructure also results in pendency. What can be done to improve the situation? If we simply address the problems, the condition will improve accordingly. Firstly, the strength of the judges can be increased. Then judges should be appointed whenever any vacancy occurs. And there should be no delay here. Apart from this, the parliament should make laws that some court's order can be rendered final. It should be made that the order of the same court are final. And there will be no appeal to them. This will save the time and resources of the judiciary. Now coming to the citizen's side, citizens becoming aware and participating is very good. But accordingly, the resources of the judiciary should be increased to clear the additional cases. After this, over-criminalization can be changed. Many crimes in the laws can be changed with huge penalty or fine rather than punishment. Along with this, infrastructure should be created to carry on the investigation quickly and effectively. Finally, alternative dispute resolution mechanisms should be exponentially promoted. In that arbitration, consolation should be given the first priority. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw about the pending cases in high courts and Supreme Court with some graph. Then we saw about the reasons for pending cases. And finally, we saw some solutions to address the problem of pending cases in the courts. Now, with these key points in mind, let's move on to the next news article discussion. Now, have a look at this news article. It talks about the questions raised by the opposition party in the parliament to justify the failure of the Securities and Exchange Board of India, that is SEBI, in taking actions against the Adhani group. The opposition alleged that the market regulator, that is SEBI, was under pressure to go easy on the Adhani group. Okay? You all must be aware of the recent Adhani-Hindenburg issue, right? For those who don't know, I will provide you a small background. See, recently, Hindenburg Research, a US-based investment firm, accused the Adhani group of stock manipulation and accounting fraud. This has triggered a steep fall in the shareplaces of the Adhani group's firms. However, the Adhani group has dismissed the charges, has lies and is saying that it complies with all laws and disclosure requirements. So, the members of opposition in the parliament raised Adhani-Sarkar slogans and demanded a joint parliamentary committee probe into the allegations against the Adhani group. So, this particular news article is also about the same line, wherein the members of opposition are questioning the credibility of SEBI. So, in this discussion, we'll see in detail about the securities and exchange board of India, that is SEBI. See, in order to understand the role of SEBI, you should first understand how a stock market functions. See, there are stock exchange which enables buyers and sellers of shares to meet in a common place and transact. Now, see this image here? You can see how a stock exchange functions. It seems simple, right? See, the securities are listed by the companies, the investors, then buy them. But there is a lot of issues in this mechanism. Frauds such as unofficial private placements, insider trading, non-adherence to the provisions of the Companies Act, market manipulation, violation of rules, manipulation of prices, delay in delivery of shares, and many more such events occur frequently. So, this happened in India during the 1970s and 1980s, when the stock market started blooming in India. Therefore, in the year 1992, a security and exchange board of India, that is SEBI was established as a statutory body. Basically, SEBI was introduced to develop transparency in the Indian stock market. The main purpose of SEBI is to protect the interest of investors, issuer of securities, and other market participants. In this slide, SEBI has the authority to check the account books of stock exchanges, and they also have the authority to audit the books of market intermediaries, such as companies, banks, and registered brokers. So, overall, the main objective of SEBI is to make the stock market safe for investors. Now, talking about its structure, the SEBI comprises of nine members. That is, it consists of a chairperson plus eight other members. Here, a chairperson is selected by the Union Government of India. Then, two representatives are from the Union Finance Ministry. Apart from this, one representative from the Reserve Bank of India is also included in the members. And the remaining five members are selected by the Union Government of India. This is all about structure of SEBI. Now, coming to the powers of SEBI, see SEBI has three key powers in the stock market. Firstly, SEBI functions as a quasi-judicial body. It has the authority to deliver judgments related to fraud as well as any unfairness activity in the stock markets. Then, SEBI functions as a quasi-judicial body. Here, it executes rules and regulations to safeguard the interest of investors. Moreover, it can take legal proceedings against the violators. And finally, SEBI functions as a quasi-legislative body. Here, the SEBI has rights to frame guidelines such as trading guidelines, disclosure requirements and listing obligations. This is all about powers. Now, talking about the functions of SEBI, see SEBI encourages the development of the stock market and it only controls the stock market in India. Secondly, SEBI also offers a platform for investment advisors, portfolio managers, merchant bankers, underwriters and other associated participants. Thirdly, SEBI regulates the working of depositories and importantly, the foreign portfolio investors. Fourthly, SEBI prevents insider trading and any unfair trade practices in the stock market. So, what is this insider trading? See, insider trading is the trading of your public companies, stock or other securities based on material or non-material public information about the company. Let us say, you are an employee at a stock exchange. You know some inside information about a company share right. So, you buy or sell them based on the information you know. So, this is termed as insider trading. And fifthly, SEBI also prohibits price manipulation of stocks in the securities market. And sixthly, SEBI updates investors about various cautions through media. SEBI also educate investors by conducting online and offline classes to provide market insights. And finally, SEBI regulates the merger and acquisition of companies. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw about the reason behind the creation of SEBI. Then we saw about the structure of SEBI. And finally, we saw some points regarding the powers and functions of the SEBI. Now, with these key points in mind, let's move on to the next news article discussion. Now, have a look at this snippet here. It says that the former ATHALAT and a nominated member of parliament, P. T. Usha, has chaired the Rajasheba day before yesterday. This is what given in this news article. Now, in this discussion, we'll learn about chairmen of Rajasheba. Then about the constitutional provisions regarding the chairmen of Rajasheba. And finally, we'll see about the panel of vice chair presence of Rajasheba. Now, let's start with chairmen of Rajasheba. See, generally, the vice president of India is the ex-officio chairman of Rajasheba. This is in accordance with article 64 of the Indian Constitution. Article 64 says that the first and foremost function of vice president of India is to act as ex-officio chairman of Rajasheba. So, based on this provision only, vice president is acting as chairmen of Rajasheba. Apart from this, the vice president would also act as the president of India. When the vice president do such function, see if there emerges a sudden vacancy in the office of president, then the vice president would act as the president of India. See, this is in accordance with article 65 of the Indian Constitution. So, note this important fact. Now, let's assume that the president of India suddenly resigns from ISAR's office, citing personal reasons before the expiry of five years term. If this happens, there emerges a vacancy in the president's office right. In such situation, the vice president of India automatically becomes the president of India. Is that means, the vice president will act as the president for the remaining term? The answer is no. See, a fresh election should be conducted to the office of president within six months from the date of creation of such vacancy. This particular condition is mentioned in article 62 of the Indian Constitution. So, we can say that in case of vacancy in the president's office, the vice president may act as the president for the period of six months. Overall, acting as the president of India when there is a vacancy for the position of president and presiding over the proceedings of Rajshaba are the two major functions of vice president of India. A note one important fact here, whenever the vice president act as the president of India, he should not preside over Rajshaba. This is also provided in article 64 of the Indian Constitution. The article 64 says that when the vice president act as president or discharge the functions of the president under article 65, the vice president shall not perform the duties of office of chairman of the council of states. Okay? So, this is all about the constitutional provisions regarding vice president or the chairman of Rajshaba. Now, coming to the electoral college for the election of vice president of India, see the electoral college consists of all the members of both houses of parliament. This means that the electoral college consists of both the elected and the nominated members of the both houses of parliament. Now, what is the case with electoral college of president? Does the electoral college of president consists of both the elected and nominated members? Comment the answer in the comment box given below. Now, coming back to the elections of vice president, see the election to the post of vice president is to be carried out through the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote. Note that the voting should be done through a secret ballot. This is all about election of vice president of India. Now, coming to the removal, see vice president of India can be removed by a resolution passed by an effective majority in the Rajshaba. That is, the majority of the then members of Rajshaba. Here, the then members refers to total strength of Rajshaba the present vacancies in the Rajshaba. So, after the passage of removal resolution in the Rajshaba, the resolution needs to be again passed by the Lokshaba by a simple majority. And when these two procedures are completed, vice president of India can be removed from his or her office. This is all about removal procedure. Now moving on, see there is also a position called deputy chairman of Rajshaba. The deputy chairman of Rajshaba acts as the presiding officer of the Rajshaba when the chairperson of Rajshaba is absent. Know that the deputy chairman of Rajshaba is elected from amongst the members of Rajshaba itself. This is all about deputy chairman of Rajshaba. Now moving on to see about the panel of vice chairperson of Rajshaba. See the rules of Rajshaba book says that chairman of Rajshaba can nominate a group of vice chairperson from amongst the members of Rajshaba to act as a chairperson of Rajshaba when there is an absence of chairman and deputy chairman in the house. I have provided here the stuff current panel of vice chairman of Rajshaba. You can go through it. See the number eight. Here PT Usha's name is mentioned. This is why PT Usha has presided over the Rajshaba day before yesterday. Okay. With this we have come to the end of this discussion. This discussion we saw about the chairperson of Rajshaba. Then about the constitutional provisions regarding the chairperson of Rajshaba. And finally we saw some facts about the panel of vice chairperson of Rajshaba. Now with these key points in mind let's move on to the next news article discussion. Now look at this news article here. It reports about the government of India's decision to include forest fire management under the ambit of national disaster management authority. This article further talks about recent technological based solutions for monitoring the forest fires in India. Here note that India uses space based satellite systems to closely monitor the forest areas for any incident of forest fire. This is the crux of the news article given here. Now in this context let us learn about national disaster management authority in Pulum's perspective. See national disaster management authority which is shortly known as NDMA is the apex statutory body for disaster management in our country. The government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act in the year 2005 and under this act the government of India created the National Disaster Management Authority that is NDMA. Here note that NDMA is headed by the prime minister of India. We also have the state disaster management authorities and it is headed by the respective state chief ministers. These bodies were created to suggest and implement a holistic and integrated approach towards disaster management in India. As I already said NDMA is headed by prime minister and it also has nine other members. According to the act one among the nine members is to be designated as the vice chairperson of NDMA. Now coming to the mandate of NDMA see NDMA's primary purpose is to coordinate actions to overcome natural or manmade disasters. Capacity building in disaster resiliency and crisis response are the other major focus areas of NDMA. See NDMA is also the apex body to lay down policies plans and guidelines for disaster management and to ensure timely and effective response to disasters. Finally NDMA tries to foster the culture of prevention preparedness and mitigation towards disasters. This is about the mandate of NDMA. Now coming to the vision of NDMA see NDMA tries to build a safer and disaster resilient India by a holistic proactive technology-driven sustainable development strategy that involves all stakeholders. Further the National Disaster Management Act has listed several responsibilities in this regard. So the functions and responsibilities of NDMA are given here for your reference. You can pause the video and go through it. See apart from this the Disaster Management Act 2005 has provided the legal and institutional framework for disaster management in India at the national, state and district levels. In the federal polity of India the primary responsibility of disaster management rests with the state government. So the central government only lays down the broader plans policies and guidelines and provides technical, financial and logistical support while the district administration in the state carries out most of the operations in collaboration with state level agencies. Now let's see in brief about the district Disaster Management Authority which is shortly known as DDMA. See chapter four of the Disaster Management Act 2005 speaks about DDMA. Under the Act the state governments shall need to establish a district Disaster Management Authority for every district in the state. It is usually headed by the district collector who is the ex official chairperson of the authority. It also consists of other members not exceeding seven. This is all about district Disaster Management Authority. With this we have come to the end of this discussion. In this discussion we saw about NDMA, its mandate then we saw in brief about district Disaster Management Authority. With these key points in mind now let's move on to the next part of the news article discussion that is to discuss preliminary practice questions. Now look at this first question this first question is regarding small satellite launch vehicle. Now look at this first statement SSLV is a two stage launch vehicle configured with two solid proportion stages. See this statement is incorrect because SSLV is a three stage launch vehicle configured with three solid proportion stages. Apart from this SSLV also has a liquid propulsion based velocity trimming module as a terminal stage. So statement one is incorrect. Now coming to the second statement SSLV is capable of launching approximately 1500 kg satellite in 500 kilometer planar orbit. See statement two is also incorrect because SSLV is capable of launching approximately 500 kg satellite in 500 kilometer planar orbit and not 1500 kg. So statement two is also incorrect. Now the question is asking for correct statements. Here both statements are incorrect so the correct answer for the question is option D neither one nor two. Moving on let's take up the second question. This question is regarding securities and exchange blood of India that is SEBI. Now look at this first statement it is a constitutional body. See this statement is incorrect because SEBI is a statutory body established by the SEBI Act of 1992. So statement one is incorrect. Now coming to the second statement it performs the triple functions as a quasi legislative quasi judicial and quasi executive body. See this we saw in the discussion itself SEBI performs three functions. So statement two is correct. Now coming to the third statement the union minister of corporate affairs act as the chairman of the body. See this statement is incorrect because the SEBI Act does not prescribe that union minister of corporate affairs has to be the chairman. According to the SEBI Act the chairman shall be a person of ability, integrity and standing who has shown capacity in dealing with problems relating to securities market or he or she should be a person who has special knowledge or experience of law, finance, economics, accountancy, administration etc. So statement three is incorrect. That is the union minister of corporate affairs is not the chairperson of SEBI. Here the question is asking for correct statement. Here statement two alone is correct. So the correct answer for the question is option B2 only. Moving on let's take up the final question. This question is regarding national disaster management authority. Now look at this first statement NDMA that is national disaster management authority is a statutory body constituted under the Disaster Management Act 2005. See this statement is actually correct. NDMA is a statutory body constituted under Disaster Management Act 2005. So statement one is correct. Now coming to the second statement it is chaired by the union minister of home affairs. See this statement is also wrong because NDMA is chaired by the prime minister of India and not the home minister. So statement two is incorrect. Coming to the third statement its primary purpose is to coordinate response to natural disasters only. See this statement is also incorrect because national disaster management authorities primary purpose is to coordinate actions to overcome both natural and man-made disasters and not natural disasters alone. So statement three is also incorrect. Here the question is asking for correct statement. In the given three statements statement one is alone correct. So the correct answer for the question is option A one only. This is the Q's question for you today. I'll post this Q's question in a community section try to answer it and don't worry the answer for the Q's question is posted in the comment section of the Q's question itself. You can verify it and displayed here are the main questions for your practice. Go through the questions write your answers and post it in the comment section. With this we came to the end of the video if you like our analysis please like comment and share and don't forget to subscribe to Shankarayas Academy YouTube channel. Thank you for listening.