 I think we'll start this out with an example of what the Helmholtz chain is going to have to eat. Yeah, I wonder if I'm alive. You're grabbed by the function of a bullet lighter, right? Yeah, at least you're alive. Well, in order to understand that, you definitely have to. So what's that level? So now I can no longer get to my bookers. All right, folks. On the way back to the car to find a new location for the next shoot, we realized we forgot we... Okay, that's not a royal we. I was flipping through the book, going, hey, what do we need to still cover? I'm like, whoops, we forgot two of the most important ones about punishment. Here's your last punishment video. Or maybe not the last one. We might decide we want some more after we get a little warmed up. It's kind of chilly out here today if you can't tell. Anyway, so two other issues with regard to punishment that I think are probably a bit more serious and maybe deserve fewer jokes. One is the emotional reactions and aggressiveness, right? So you can create some pretty strong emotional reactions when you start to use punishment. It's not a kind procedure. People aren't going to be like, oh, thank you for punishing me. It's not something that people really enjoy to experience. When done effectively, it's perversive. That's the point. Imagine what type of reactions you're going to get to that. We can have anger, disappointment, sadness, all of them, right? There's tons of things that can happen. And all of these things, when you're working with somebody or working with an animal, they can damage your rapport, right? So you've really got to watch out. And we all know about how the value of rapport when we're working with people or with non-human animals for that matter. So watch out for those emotional reactions, right? They can be really, really over the top. They can be top. So again, it's just one of those things about I'm not really super excited about the use of punishment because there are all these pitfalls. We've got two videos on pitfalls now. Let's see what else. Let's see the aggression. So people can tend to aggress. I talked about that in the previous video where we talk about modeling, right? But aggression is something that's a very clear effect that happens when you punish it. It happens with non-humans too. You punish them, they tend to punish something else so they get violent or whatever the case may be. So again, something else we don't really want. And then the other piece here, let's see, we had the aggression, the emotional reactions, and what was the last one? As I've said before, you become a discriminated punisher, right? So you become an SDP, a discriminative stimulus for punishment, which is going to create a whole bunch of an escape and avoidance behavior. Why? Because if you can avoid a punisher, so if you can avoid a positive punisher, that's a situation of negative reinforcement, right? Escape and avoidance is negative reinforcement. So if I avoid the punishment or if I do something to avoid punishment, then that behavior is going to be reinforced negatively by definition. So people are going to do things like lie. So kids will do it all the time. They'll lie to avoid a punisher. It happens with all of us. Let's see what else. It may turn to drugs and other alcohol and other drugs in order to just avoid some of the experiences and just escape some of the problems in that life. So I think one of the key things again, every time, every video, if you're going to be using punishment, you better be using reinforcement. I don't even want you to think of it as an option. It's like, okay, fine. You're going to get rid of this behavior. That's all well and good. Punishment's a useful tool. But you better be loading up the reinforcement for appropriate behaviors. And I mean a lot of it. Make it thick. Make it easy for them to learn what to do and then reinforce the heck out of it because that's the only way you're going to keep, I don't know, kind of keep society rolling if you will. It's a positive sort of environment. If we teach rather than a negative sort of, and I'm thinking kind of the emotional terms are positive, it's a negative sort of environment if we just constantly try to suppress people and keep them down. Give them the skills about what to do. Teach people how to be successful in this world. Don't just shut them down. I think that's finally it on the pitfalls of punishment. There might be another punishment video on examples of punishment, but we'll see. Come on, Cooper, let's go for a ride.