 the organization of agriculture and land reforms when we talk about land ownership where we can categorize under the subheadings of latifendios and minifendios when we talk about latifendios basically these are the people who own large states of land when we talk about minifendios it refers to small farms when you have large ownership of farms it results in underutilization and inefficiency when we talk about land ownership he is not using the land efficiently in fact he is carrying out underutilization of the land for the production of agricultural output then along with this when you talk about land ownership in many countries land ownership is highly concentrated if I talk about figures reference which you have an average ratio for the construction of holdings in latin america it is around 0.8 or asia may it is equal to it is close to 0.4 and when you have 1% of land ownership in latin america owns around 70% of the land if I talk about this distribution with reference to brazil then there is around 50% of land owners in brazil owns around 90% of the land when we talk about asia asia is basically highly densely populated populated continent where you have land holding is relatively small as compared to other continents and when we talk about in pakistan then 92% of the farms in pakistan are small farms when we talk about land reforms it has two aspects in one we talk about redistribution of land in favour of land less are small households and here we will talk with reference to reforms in tenancy in favour of sharecropper and other forms of tenant farming now when we talk about land rights then again our sharecroppers could and tenants could it results in security for tenants or because of that land rights which you have studies which indicate it results in reduction in poverty at the same time it also improves the efficiency of the utilization of the land or because of security of tenancy they know they are willing to use new techniques and when they use new techniques it also results in the improvement of the productivity of agricultural sector that when you get the rights in land utilization they basically break the customs and traditions that they are following for the production of agricultural output and what all they will do it all results in the improvement of the productivity of agricultural sector now in India's reference there was one study which indicated that small farmers are more productive than large farms or lands when you say small farms are more productive than the large farms it is because for the small farms lands tend to be more fertile and along with that more family labour works works on that small farms family labour works more intensively on the small farms as compared to large farms so if you say redistribution of land from large owners to small farmers it results in raise in agricultural output and employment and this is the idea agriculture is a major contributor towards the GDP and agriculture also provides employment to a large chunk in developing countries when we talk about land reforms land reforms must be a company with certain other agrarian reforms that when you give new and small farms land ownership they must be given access to the credit that there should be an organized money market that you should not have money lenders that should be given to a high income farmer on a local level when you give land rights there should be water availability there should be water availability that you should not have inputs that are required to produce agriculture output that should be available to the market and that should be at the lower price that you should not have that should also be ensured to enhance the productivity of agricultural sector and then when we give extension services because of the provision of that extension services it also helps the improvement of agricultural productivity or availability of the improved farm implements be it a positive impact along with the productivity of agricultural sector if I summarize all of them that land reforms have some positive impact on the productivity or efficiency of agricultural sector but the land reforms if you will ensure some other things of accessibility to the farmers then their impact will be more significant and that which you have available excess of other things like credit or water prices of agricultural input extension services or availability of the improved farm implements be it a positive impact