 This systematic review examines the scientific basis for Canada's physical activity guide for healthy active living, specifically focusing on the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases, cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, colon cancer, breast cancer, type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis. The review found that higher levels of physical activity reduced the risk for these conditions and support the current Canadian guidelines to reduce the risk for all-cause mortality and the seven chronic conditions identified. This article was authored by Ivy Adam, Chowsworth Sarah, Warburton Darren E. R., and others.