 The first global summit on the effect of yoghurt was held at the 2013 experimental biology meeting in Boston. A key issue was of course bone health in children and the elderly. Dairy products obviously brings a lot of key nutrients to children but also teenagers and adults. It brings obviously calcium, it brings a lot of vitamins and it's a very good source of protein. And in that respect, the yoghurt in the dairy category is even better from the point of view that it brings additional protein. But adolescents need more nutrients for bone growth than just calcium. During the adolescence, the bone capital is doubling. So this means that it's an accelerated bone growth during which we need to mineralize the bone which has been newly formed. And the mineralization is obtained through calcium and phosphate. And then we need also some well-balanced diet including proteins. Since the proteins are also the regulator of the hormone IGF-1 which promotes the growth of both in the longitudinal and radial way of the bone. Vitamin D is another important issue in this context. There are some discussions about vitamin D. Should we put more vitamin D in yoghurt for example? Some countries add vitamin D to milk. We realize recently that vitamin D is essential in lacking in many countries. So the daily allowance for vitamin D has been increasing. So it's probably a good idea to increase vitamin D in those products. In both adolescence and the elderly, these requirements translate into official guidelines. There are several recommendations which are relatively different from one scientific society to the other. But altogether we can say that we need at least one gram of calcium element per day. And the best would be to take it within the meals. And in terms of proteins, the recommended daily allowance are officially 0.8 gram per kilogram of body weight. But protein intakes could become a higher priority in older adults. But now the geriatricians based on new data particularly in older people it seems that the amount of 1 to 1.2 gram per kilogram of body weight are more important in terms of muscle and bone health. In this respect dairy products are the main source of calcium in most countries. It's often argued that you could eat calcium from green leafy vegetables but in fact you'd have to eat so many servings of green leafy vegetables that it's really not feasible. So in terms of getting calcium, dairy foods are really the predominant source. So we have to think in terms of equivalences between foods. We should remember that 1 litre of milk is more than 1,000 mg of calcium and 32 grams of protein. Obviously we cannot drink 1 litre of milk every day but with the system of the equivalent saying well we could have one or two glass of milk, one or two yogurts, a piece of cheese. The final conclusion of the summit at EB2013 is pretty clear. It's easy to reach the level of the recommendation which is three different servings a day of dairy products and this will provide enough calcium, approximately 2 thirds of the need of calcium and also 40 to 50% of the need of proteins.