 The researchers developed three different types of manganese dioxide MNO2 materials with varying morphologies through a hydrothermal process. These materials were then tested for their electrochemical performance in aqueous sodium sulfate solutions. The results showed that the alpha phase of MNO2 had the highest specific capacitance of 138FG at 1AG, while the symmetric device fabricated from this phase had a specific capacitance of 86FG at 1AG. This suggests that the alpha phase of MNO2 has great potential for use in pseudo-capacitive devices. This article was authored by Raman Devi, Vinay Kumar, Sunil Kumar, and others.