 the social challenge. The whole notion of social capital is centered on social relationship and its major elements include social networks, civic engagements, norms of democracy and generalized trust. So broadly speaking it is defined as a collective asset in the form of shared norms, values, beliefs, trust, networks, social relations and institutions that facilitate cooperation and collective action for mutual benefit. Any social capital, our life is a collective asset in which our culture, our norms, our beliefs, our trust on each other and then especially our social relationship with each other is a collective asset. When social capital means an interaction then definitely there are some various dimensions. Those can challenge this whole process because there are various levels of measurement. We think this way, we see this way and it is happening in our environment too that brothers and sisters are different from each other in the business. Sometimes workers get angry with their owners. These are practices that are a part of our social life. But when we consider ourselves part of social capital, we consider why our collective effort is required. Because our condition has to be better than that. The challenges that come to that collective interest are also part of this process. So it is very important that we address those challenges and we understand how we can overcome these challenges, how we can measure them. Only then can we find a solution for them. Now these challenges, the social challenges, sometimes they are at individual level and sometimes they are at collective level. Sometimes the overall situation gets worse. There are many elements in that too. So understanding all these elements is quite important. So we can categorize these challenges like that they fail to explain economic growth and development outcomes. Sometimes it happens that some people feel that the economic growth specifically is more but the benefit is reaching less people. Sometimes it is seen that the claim of economic growth is not related to the effort that is being put in. So the mistrust that is created between them is quite important. Because some people are doing a lot of work, some are technicians, some are workers, but some are experts. So when mistrust is created between them, the outcome is that the whole process is suffering. Another important challenge that is created is that there is a time of unprecedented economic growth. But that is not sustainable. That means growth is happening, but it is not sustainable. That means there are a lot of ups and downs in that. Sometimes it feels that the process is going smoothly and it will ultimately benefit, but all of a sudden this situation gets worse and reversed. Along with this situation, the gap between communication and the deficit of trust also matters. But ultimately, sometimes this situation happens because of which the entire environment gets damaged. People have to convince them to work again and communicate with them. That is a big challenge. The most important thing is that account social value systems in economic development. Is your social system, your social values, and your economic system? Is there any co-relationship between them? For example, in some places, some people don't understand any kind of work according to their respect. Specifically, in the traditional societies, people need to have some status. They don't understand any work according to their status. For example, what is important in our society is that if a child is educated, then he needs an office job. That is a hard work where you have to present yourself for extra burdens. There are technical duties as well. There is labour work as well. So, in a society where social values and economic requirements don't match, then many social challenges are created. Then Foki Yama specifically criticizes that economists normally make simplifying assumptions that human beings are rational and their utility maximizing behavior is invariant across societies. Foki Yama has made a very important criticism that every society has its own differences. A single standard criteria cannot be applied to every society. And this is the biggest challenge for social capital that a single formula cannot be applied to every society. There are many varieties of social standards and social requirements in every society. According to that, social capital should have a margin that it can meet the requirements of society and people's norms and values.