 de la la Salamu Alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatu. Salamat siang, salam sejatra bagi kita semuanya, shalom, Om swastiastu, nama budaya, salam kebajikan. Ladies and gentlemen, distinguished guests and esteem participants of this seminar, welcome to the International Seminar of Crime Control Policy in Urban Areas. My name is Inda Sopamena and I stand here with honor and immense pleasure to you all as your master of ceremony to today's seminar. Now, before we start with the event, may I please invite you all to stand up and pay tribute to our heroes by singing the Indonesian national anthem, Indonesia Raya. Everyone you are now allowed to sit down. Thank you very much. Ladies and gentlemen, after such a beautiful tribute to our heroes by singing the national Indonesian anthem, I invite everyone here to be one in mind, body and spirit as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. Ladies and gentlemen, my name is Mati and this seminar is about love and pride. Before we start the event, may I please in this opportunity to pray for each islam to the ladies and gentlemen who are willing to contribute in accordance with the religion and belief of each individual. I invite you all to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. Ladies and gentlemen, may I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. please in this opportunity to be one in mind as we praise our almighty God through a prayer that will be led by a 9 person today. May I please in this opportunity de la ciudad, pero mi pregunta, cuando recuerdo este tema, es ¿Por qué, solo una discusión sobre la discusión en el país de la ciudad, no en el país de la ciudad o en el país de la ciudad. Porque tenemos una discusión, no solo en la ciudad, en el país también puede existir y llevar a la ciudad o en el país de la ciudad y también llevar a la ciudad. Pero, por supuesto, hay una discusión y una base filosófica, así que este tema es elevado. Pero, estoy seguro, también vamos a tener discusión sobre lo que puede ser la discusión en el país y también la discusión en el país de la ciudad. Y porque nuestra base es en el país de la ciudad y nosotros sabemos que hay también muchos problemas criminales en el país de la ciudad, en los trabajadores, los que están en los capos de los cálculos, y también la desgracia de la exploración de la tierra que no puede ser controlada, puede que también se vea en la discusión en el futuro. ¿Por qué la Seminaria Internacional es importante y nosotros vemos que las facultades de la Comunidad siempre comenzan y iniciaen? Porque programas, programas, seminars como éste, cada facultad tiene que hacer para hacer la Seminaria Internacional donde los resultados de los colegios, los resultados de los estudiantes, los estudiantes, podemos discutir, y la idea es que podemos seguir en el tema de la Masiswa, bien en la Trata 1, Trata 2, o Trata 3, que, por supuesto, la facultad de la Comunidad tiene que tener un tipo de educación. Y esto es importante porque como sabemos, la conversación sobre los derechos de la Constitución hasta el momento en el que la Comunidad tiene que hablar sobre los derechos. Porque tenemos que discutir mucho y la idea de la exploración, la idea de los estudiantes, los estudiantes y demás, tenemos que verlo. Y hoy, estoy seguro que la información que se va a dar va a dar a los estudiantes para la Comunidad Internacional y para la Comunidad Internacional y para la Comunidad Internacional y para los estudiantes. Y, bueno, yo creo que no es solo la Seminaria Internacional pero también, son dos motivos. Y hay una idea que va a dar para poder ir más allá para que la Comunidad Internacional se desigua para poder ir más allá para publicar las cosas que son de novalidad en las regiones, en las ciudades pequeñas, como en Ambon, pero también en las zonas de los derechos humanos, las zonas de los derechos humanos, que quizás también puede ser como nuestro conocimiento y eso puede ser, es un respeto para publicar en la reputación de Júnior Júnor. Para todos nosotros, espero que con este seminario podremos mejorar el nivel de los estudiadores, los estudiadores, los estudiadores, los estudiadores y los estudiadores de la comunidad. Muchas gracias. Espero que todo el mundo que ha hecho este recorrido desde el very beginning y desde el final en la preparación y la preparación de Dios, que es la fuerza. Gracias. Salamu'alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Salam sejatrah. Salam. Om. Santi-santi om. Naubhdaya. Salam kebajikan. Para abrir esta acera, queremos que la gente y los estudiadores, todos los estudiadores, podamos cambiar el nivel para que nosotros podamos abrir esta acera en resumen. Sí. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Salam. Por su parte, la profesora y la directora de la Universidad Nacional de Bidam, Prédy López Béci, este es mi sueño, Pró, después vamos a estar expulsando a la dirección de los presidentes en 2023. Pero nosotros aún venimos bien, y después nosotros vamos a hacer un rival, pero esto es una experiencia en la universidad de la Universidad. Por otro lado, esta profesora es nuestra nueva, Agasu di di sombong nih. Seguro punya bukana sembo ni aliega kudua profe me liala. Pero ganasembo indekan. Kenapa ganat pargete saya sudamerebihi mantendakan. Yang cima tiga kita hudamulai masu empat bahkan mungkin lima dan enam di akhir jabatan saya di produk kudua. Por lo tanto, el Prof. Baliala, el que va a ir a Cajati, el Capolda, la resumber, la resumber de la ciudad de Flesingen, la resumber de Calcutta, y la resumber de New Zealand. Por lo tanto, el Prof. Baliala, ¿por qué hoy hablamos sobre el gobierno de la ciudad de Flesingen? Este es el resultado de la visión de la ciudad de Flesingen, en el que hablamos sobre el gobierno de la ciudad de Flesingen. Y por eso decidimos que para el año 2023, el tema que hablaremos de hoy y la visión de la visión de la visión de la visión de la visión de la visión de la visión de la visión de la visión. Por lo tanto, el tema de la visión de la ciudad de Flesingen, ¿por qué hoy hablamos sobre el gobierno de la ciudad de Flesingen? Porque fue la decisión que hablábamos y la decisión que esperamos de la ciudad de Flesingen. Sí, la decisión que hablábamos de la ciudad de Flesingen, era la decisión que hablábamos de la ciudad de Flesingen, Ponce en los motos del joque. Antes, también hay una incertidumbre, que fue realizada por los jóvenes, que aún no ha terminado el SMU. Si, por ejemplo, las materias que escribimos, ¿por qué el tindaco y la cojada se desplazó o se desplazó en una ciudad? Hay diversos aspectos, factor económico, factor factor non-economico y hay factor factor lain. En realidad, después de morir, los que hicieron una disculpa, como estos robos, tienen una economía suficiente, no es suficiente. No es una persona miskin. Ellos son de la escuela. Ellos tienen la oportunidad de estudiar. Pero, después de preguntar, en el Sur, es un idioma, o un idioma que el joque ha dicho que es hondonista. Ellos quieren tener un ponso mejor o más lento que ellos tienen. En la ciudad, en la ciudad de Perú, no hemos entrado en el país, o, quizá, en la provincia, hay un idioma que se llama Tiranovolis. La ciudad que ya no puede, pero el regalo no se ha hecho, la moral ya se ha hecho. Pero no podemos entrar en la ciudad, pero no podemos clasificar la ciudad que se llama Tiranovolis, donde la moral y el regalo ya no puede. Bueno, esto me parece que me recuerda, antes de que el Congreso, al Congreso, hemos conocido desde el doctor, ya, ahora es el crimen de la ciudad. He conocido, hasta que ya no he sido profesor, no he sido profesor, ya he sido profesor. Nosotros ya conocimos, desde el doctor 1, he venido, me he recuerdo, si puedes recordar, de la doctora 1, también, doctor 2, militares, militares, militares, que se llama Maja-la Intisari. Nosotros hemos leído, me he leído, me he leído, me he leído, me he leído, me he leído, en el Focalcast Fuku, en el SMA. Hay una sorpresa, en ese caso, que por qué la incertidumbre se creó en una ciudad de Europa, o incluso en los países de Barat. Después de la sección de Sur, todo lo que se ha hecho, se creó que la incertidumbre tenía un plato muy mal. El plato es típico, cuando vemos el film, es como si el plato se creó en una casa de un perro. Bueno, de la data, entonces, hay un trabajo con el Profesor Dr. Setembrat, que le da a los doctores que pueden operar en plástico. Hasta entonces, ellos van a practicar la operación con los colegios de la comunidad a los colegios, y les preguntan, ¿cuál es el problema para el desplazamiento? Esto es cierto, por lo menos, es cierto, ¿cuál es el desplazamiento? Entonces, entonces, es cierto, no hay un desplazamiento, pero ya se ve más mal. Me es más mal de ellos. Entonces, más mal, así que a los que les ha hecho, a los que les ha hecho, no les hará un desplazamiento. Bueno, cuando yo entré, después de estudiar la criminología, yo hablé de la teoría de la brosa. Yo still remember que hasta la muerte, antes de la muerte, si Dios preguntaba, yo pensé que era la teoría de la brosa. Yo pensé que era la teoría de la brosa. Bueno, ¿cuál es el factor-factor que también que ahora es la que haces el desplazamiento? Bueno, la criminología tiene un trabajo, es para hacer model, o pola, o para testificar el sistema. Así que el desplazamiento de la brosa puede ser tomado, o ya ha hecho un desplazamiento para la defensa de la comunidad. Hay una displazamiento, ¿sí? Social. ¿Qué es su nombre? Es más tan particular. Sí. Bueno, esto se deje de decir a los que la gente sabe que lo que se ha hecho quizás en Ambon, en la JNP que se ha hecho, a veces se ha hecho un desplazamiento. A veces el desplazamiento está roto. En nuestra comunidad, en cualquier lugar, se ha hecho una agresión de esa forma. ¿Polada que se usan? Bueno, he hecho muchos que usan FGD. No podemos decir que esto es un trabajo para la policía, un trabajo para la policía. Pero, si una persona es una persona muy buena, no podemos dar la forma de la vida de los niños, los niños y las mujeres, esto tendrá que ser. Si yo digo que ellos son los que son los que son los que son los que son los que son los que son los que son los que son los. Esto también tiene que ser de los niños o de los campos. Hoy, el Focultad Hucum ha hecho un seminario internacional, no es el punto que buscamos. Pero, para los estudiadores de la criminología en el Focultad Hucum, es decir, con el resultado de este seminario, puede formar o formar innovación para que haya una pola, una pola que desarrollamos en el Focultad Hucum para que pueda formar o, al menos, minimizar la actividad en el pueblo de Ambon. Esto es lo que realmente necesita. ¿Esos son los niños de SMU? ¿Esos son los niños de SMU? ¿Esos son los niños de SISWA? A veces, solo hacemos la estudiación o la acercación a los pueblos, ver lo que es normal, lo que es normal. Pero, esto es una de las palabras que pensé en el Focultad. En el Focultad Hucum, nosotros debemos tener más, más science, con las personas que están en la ciudad que nos encanta Ambon Maniche. No hagan que Ambon Maniche sea una pola. Bueno, en el Focultad Hucum, no es una pola. Si yo puedo, no puedo. Porque no sabemos si hay un salón que muere o algo, pero en el Focultad Hucum, no se ha hecho. ¿Puede que Ambon Maniche debería existir la Policía o la Metropolitana? Bueno, esto ha sido un espacio que, desde la Policía Internacional hay una nueva innovación, hay una nueva pola, o un nuevo sistema para que la impulsación en la ciudad de Ambon Maniche pueda ser la pola que va a matar con la rastro. Yo creo que, no soy un criminólogo, porque si yo hablar más, se va a matar con la pola. Pero, nosotros esperamos que, en este día, hay muchas cosas que obtenemos y que podemos desarrollar en el Focultad Hucum, y, principalmente, en el Universidad de Patimor, que nos encanta. Muchas gracias. Salud a todos, y a todos. Mi amor, a todos, realmente, un hombre magnífico con un carisma que sabe que no se atreve. Ahora, cuando hablamos de las intricaciones de políticas de control criminal y de comunidades urbanas, como nosotros, debemos recordar el provero anciano. La prevención es mejor que la cura. Esta edad de la edad ha estado con nosotros por mucho tiempo, y se ha puesto un rol importante para nosotros, y para nosotros, sirve mucho a nosotros en el Focultad Hucum, para nosotros, todos. Todos, hemos hecho un turno integral del Focultad Hucum, por causa de uno. La stimulación de la policía ha creado el Focultad Hucum por lo menos, en el Centro de Educación y del Focultad Hucum, por lo menos, compro el Focultad Hucum, por lo menos, de los expertos de la ley y mucho más, pero no es mi honor introducirle a vosotros quiénes son. La persona que tiene el honor de introducirle a vosotros, sobre estas speakers, son los nuevos miembros de nuestro staff y también sucede ser el moderador de el evento hoy. Mr. Harley Salmon, asaimha, es tu momento de patimona. Los espectadores, las víctimas, y todos los participantes que sucedieron aquí con nosotros hoy, todos los miembros, amigas y miembros, mi nombre es Harley Glyford-Yunasalmon y yo, el moderador de la Semana Internacional Organizada por el Departamento de Comunidad. Amigas y miembros, estuve contento de ver aquí y bienvenido a todos los miembros de la Semana Internacional que sucedieron y participaron aquí en este lugar, todos los miembros de la Semana Internacional. Amigas y miembros, esta Semana Internacional también está vivo y streaming en el canal de Facultad Sucupun-Pati YouTube, así que por favor, no olviden seguir, suscribirse, like y comentar, ok, amigas y miembros, el desarrollo de movilización en el urbano, generando fenomenas en la sociedad, y causando el comportamiento vial. Un animal en el desarrollo de la ciudad moderna es una violencia, un crimen hídrico en territorio, muchos de los que sucedieron en primer lugar, como fenomenas que sucedieron en la sociedad. El crimen es una síntoma social, que toda la sociedad siempre se enfrenta. Entendiendo el futuro del crimen en Indonesia, Asia es principalmente orientada por preparadores para ganar el profito. No puede ser separado de una analizada crítica de los modelos de desarrollo. Potencia de encorreter la comisión de víctimas de los modelos de desarrollo, especialmente en el urbano. El crimen es causado por varios factors, como economía, asociación y otras oportunidades. Todos los factors que sucedieron en Indonesia han sido asociados en primer lugar o en el efecto negativo. La asociación crítica fue realizada para saber lo que hubo de alguien haciendo un crimen usando la teoría de criminología. La prevención del crimen en el urbano es un esfuerzo para reducir el ritmo de crimen en la sociedad. Porque de eso, la Facultad de la Universidad de Patimura, especialmente el departamento criminal de la Institución Educativa de la Universidad de Patimura en la Isla de Indonesia ha hecho un seminar internacional hoy en día. El crimen control de la política en el área urbano. Señoras y señores, por favor, una vez más un aplauso para nuestro seminar hoy en día. Ok, señoras y señores, antes de comenzar nuestro seminar, como sabemos, uno de nuestros habitantes va a estar con nosotros hoy. Me gustaría invitarlo a dormir el próximo día. Por favor, señoras y señores, un abrazo a todos y señores. Profesor Adianos Maldiara, Profesor Ishimuni, un aplauso de una vez más. Señoras y señores, este seminar será separado en las dos principales sesiones. La sesión será donde nuestro speaker presentará sus papas. Y la segunda sesión será la pregunta y la respuesta. Nuestro speaker tiene 15 minutos, máximo 20 minutos para presentar sus papas. Y después de eso, su sesión de pasión será de 20 minutos. Señoras y señores, como para los habitantes hoy, son tres habitantes que pueden ser con nosotros hoy. Para los habitantes, será el doctor de la Fundación Básica de la ciudad de Fernando de los Palacios. El segundo speaker será el doctor de la ciudad de Chacabati-LLM-LLB de la Constitución Margarita de Alhuá, es el Certificado General de Ligeles y Diorceso de la Institución Mundial de la Segura. Suζitere al aluator de la ciudad de Chacabati-LLB de la Institución Mundial de la placed de la 내려ad de Alhuá. Y ahora vamos ¿Oye milagros? Unfortunately, because of one reason our professor, he went to see from New Zealand cannot be joining us today. So without any further ado, we will be in our first session. And the first session will be from Dr. Bas van Detelaar and the topic will be crime in Netherlands. Mr. Dr. Lanjes Bas van Detelaar, are you with us? going owe the attendance. I do enjoy much greeting form from the Netherlands and for listening in. It's an honor and privilege to join you today on your important discussions on crime reduction policy in the city areas. Of course I would have like very much to visit our sister city and our sister university today where it's also nice to be able to join you today in this digital way to use información about crime and crime reduction policy in the Netherlands, as a mayor in the Netherlands, in Vlissinger City, I have a responsibility in fighting crime in our city, in prevention and in maintaining public order, in close cooperation with national police of the Netherlands, and the Public Prosecutor's Office. I will bring my story from that experience and with my daily tasks in mind. Next slide please. I'll give you some insight in the crime figures in the Netherlands at this moment. I've picked up some numbers, which you can see now. The figures show you the registered crime in the Netherlands in the period of 1975 until 2021. And of course I should say the vast majority of crime, also of this registered crime, takes place in urban areas. The last years, the numbers show a strong decrease. In the last 20 years, the numbers of registered crimes dropped. They dropped with about 46%, as you can see in the figure. And you can see that this decrease in all kinds of crime. You can see them in property crime, so like theft or burglary, burglary, or in violent crimes, as we say. And then you should think of terrible things like murder or assault or things like that. So you can see the decrease in both property crime and in violent crime. Numbers dropped with about 46% at this moment. Next slide please. This is not all good news, I'm afraid. In particular, the category of online crime, so digital crime, is perhaps not surprising in these digital times that we live in, has shown a sharp rise. In the next figure, you see three lines. The green line that I show you is a number of victims of online crime. And the lines below show the numbers of, well, the more traditional crime, like the property crime and the violent crime that I mentioned before. And you can see that the line for online or digital crime, the green line in the figure, shows an increase, a rise of about 22%. So digital crime is on the rise. Next slide please. Yeah. Perhaps it's not strange, of course, in these digital times that we can see that much more crime is taking place on the digital channels. And that's what is happening at this moment. When we talk about this online crime, you must be thinking of, well, you know, hacking of websites, hacking of accounts, ransomware, phishing emails, identity fraud, things like that. That's what we're just having more and more. So online crime shows a really strong increase. Graphics. But of course, some warning is appropriate. As with all figures and numbers, I've shown you figures about registered crime and registered victims, but we must always keep in mind, of course, that that's not the whole picture. Not all victims are known. Not all crimes are registered. So these figures certainly don't show the whole problem. We certainly miss quite a part of it because it's not registered. We always keep that in mind. Furthermore, there are some deep concerns. In the Netherlands we have, I would mention three concerns that are very important at this moment. First of all, there's a deep concern about growing, as we call it, organized subversive crime. This is really, really well organized. There are really big organizations behind it. And we call it subversive because they take advantage of the, well, as I would say, the legal and the official institutions of our country. So let me give you an example of organized subversive crime. I think of financial transactions for money laundering. And they're carried out by companies, by banks. So they use the official infrastructure. Of course, you can think of, let me give another example of organized subversive crime. The use of the infrastructure of a country, the harbors, the airports for drug transport. The drug trafficking is getting tougher and leading to more excesses. Investing black money in official real estate. That's another example. So we see a growing crime in organized subversive crime. They really try to use the official institutions for this crime. That's one of our great concerns at this moment. The second concern, I would say, is the scale. The scale brings concerns. Crime is increasingly taking place on an international scale. Of course, I would say boundaries mean nothing for criminal organizations. So we must cooperate more and more across national borders. And we can see in Europe that much more legislation and policy on crime fighting is made in Europe instead of the individual countries. Third, growing concern in the Netherlands is a concern on social unrest. In the Netherlands, we have growing concerns on social unrest, especially, I would say, since the Corona period. Well, as you well know, and I'm sure that you had the same in Indonesia. In the Corona period, some harsh measures were taken to fight this pandemic. And this led to much resistance and much protest. We've seen an increase in demonstrations. We have seen an increase in polarization. I would even say that general trust in government is decreasing. And I'm afraid this also has an effect on crime. So with all the numbers I just show you, I would also say there are three growing concerns. We see a rise in organized subversive crime. We see a rise in internationalization. And there is a concern with growing social unrest, especially since the Corona period. That's for the figures. Could you have the next slide, please? The question should be, can we explain more about the long-term development in criminality rates? Is there an explanation for the shown decline? Well, I would like to point out at least five things that could give a bit of an explanation. Although it's difficult to give a truly conclusive explanation. I should say that's too. First of all, my first explanation would be socio-economic development. The increase in prosperity and an increase in income. We see the reason for crime decreasing. That is also, that is always very important, the socio-economic situation. So that is probably one of the explanations for a decrease in the numbers. Second prevention. You've mentioned it before in all the, in this seminar. Prevention is always very important. And government in the Netherlands invest heavily in addressing and preventing crime. Also, very simple, technical improvements. Por ejemplo, better hardware at homes and at business buildings makes crime more difficult. So figures drop. Also demography plays a role. The Netherlands is an aging society. We have fewer young people and a higher average age, more older people. So the Dutch society is aging and crime seems to be declining. I have no explanation. I already mentioned the more active role of government. Also with respect to repression. The chance of being caught by the police. And also the punishment rate is increasing. And this deters a specially smaller crime. Well, all these factors, the socio-economic development, prevention, demography, el rol activo del gobierno, también también más represión, podría explicar parte del desplazamiento en el crimen. Pero tengo que decir, para mí, una explicación concluida es muy difícil. Debemos continuar buscando juntos, por lo que es muy bueno aprender de cada otra en conferencias, como las que organizamos hoy. Hay algunas cosas sobre el desplazamiento en la Nación, como las políticas del crimen. Y mencionaré tres cosas, especialmente. Hay un camino para la ley criminal. Es un camino más clásico, por supuesto. Hay también un camino por la ley administrativa, como lo llamamos en la Nación, el right de control. Y me diría que es muy importante la cooperación por todos los stakeholders en la prevención y la represión. Esta cooperación por los stakeholders es muy importante. Lo diré. La ley criminal es conocida. El uso de la ley administrativa es menos conocido. Las measures administrativas pueden ser impuestas sin la intervención de un juicio. Por ejemplo, los mayores, como yo, pueden tomar un gran número de measures para defender el crimen. Y les daré algunos ejámenes de estos instrumentos. Un ejámen de la ley administrativa es el uso de regladas. Una persona no puede entrar en un cierto área para un cierto periodo de tiempo. Y estos instrumentos pueden ser usados, como explicó, suplementos a la ley criminal. Puedo banar una persona de un área por algún periodo. Puedo recordar el uso de surveillance de camaras en ciertas áreas públicas. Es un ejemplo de la ley administrativa, lo que utilizamos en las Naciones muy mucho. Otro ejemplo es lo que llamamos la ley de la ley de la ley. Si es sospechoso que un permiso o un licenciamiento aplicado por el gobierno local sea usado por propósitos criminales, el gobierno puede investigar y finalmente negar el permiso o el licenciamiento. Y esto podría, por ejemplo, ser una investigación financiera diseñada para preventar el lanzamiento de dinero o para encontrar el dinero negro. Así que el gobierno tiene todas las formas de preventar el uso de permiso y licencias. Otro ejemplo de la ley administrativa, en el caso de la violencia doméstica, por ejemplo, en el caso de la violencia, el presidente puede preemptivamente imponer un hogar y la ubicación de la localidad en el ofender. Si hay un caso de violencia doméstica, puedo banar la persona que hizo eso de su propia casa o para que él venga a casa. Y, por supuesto, el paralelo en eso, el proceso criminal continúa alongside. El objetivo es, por ejemplo, un tipo de desplazamiento de periodo, más seguridad para la familia y poder comenzar los servicios de contrato y todas las formas de usar la ley administrativa. Tal vez mi último ejemplo de la ley administrativa, la guerra en drogas. La guerra en drogas es muy importante en nuestro país. Aquí intentamos usar la ley criminal y la ley administrativa, y, por supuesto, la prevención, lado a lado. Cuando traemos la perpetración de drogas, usamos la ley criminal para los pertenimientos, pero en paralelo, queremos extender la orden publica en el ambiente en el que la traje de drogas se desplazan. Entonces, tenemos la opción de cerrar una construcción o una casa por unos meses. Es también una función de señal para la ciudad de la neighbors, por supuesto. Por ejemplo, la posición de los puestos en las puertas de la construcción cerrada, así que lo hacemos más visibles que la agresión. Entonces, la ley criminal es importante para los pertenimientos, pero los pertenimientos administrativos son adecuados más a restaurar una situación legal más que el pertenimiento, restaurar la ley y la orden y un desplazamiento. Los pertenimientos pueden ser usados complementar a los demás. Idealmente, puedo usar los pertenimientos en el mismo tiempo para el mejor resultado. Corporación. Corporación de todos los involucrados se convierte en más y más importante. Cuando estamos tratando con la ley criminal, también vamos a tomar más y más un proceso personal. El policía, la oficina de los pertenimientos públicos, pero también las agencias de care, servicios sociales, trabajadores, etcétera, intenta una acción colaborativa en la que uno de los partidos toma la ley, y esto es para asegurar una acción muy intensa, para asegurar que todos los involucrados no trabajen contra el otro, sino con el otro, y estamos todavía obteniendo mucha experiencia en esta manera, en esta acción. Entonces, por mi siguiente piso, y eso es también visual en otros países europeos, yo diría, por el otro lado, hay preocupaciones de crecer, preocupaciones de organizar un crimen subversivo, preocupaciones de la internacionalización del crimen, que hace que sea menos posible actuar como un país en su propia forma, y también hay signos de un cambio social, que también tiene un efecto en la acción del crimen. Y, no en mi piso, pero como mencioné, y he mencionado, vemos también un aumento en algún crimen, especialmente en el crimen digital, y estoy seguro que el aumento en el crimen digital seguirá en los próximos tiempos. En combinación de la ley administrativa y la ley clínica de criminales, y también una mejor cooperación y una acción del crimen de todas las partes involucradas, intentamos strengar el teclado del crimen. Pero, como dije, tenemos que continuar buscando juntos por qué es tan bueno aprender de cada otra en conferencias como hoy y cambiar de información. Y también estoy muy, muy interesado en el contribución de los otros partidos y participantes en esta conferencia. Creo que la acción del crimen beneficiará mucho de la combinación de instrumentos, la ley criminal, la ley administrativa y la cooperación de todas las partes de todas las partes involucradas. Por favor. Bueno, espero que os haya dado una pequeña instancia en la situación en el tema de este momento, con algunos números y algunas desarrollaciones. Gracias por tu atención, y, por supuesto, como el cartón dice, el crimen nunca pagará. Eso es por eso que trabajamos. Gracias mucho. Gracias, Mr. Vaz. Bueno, como lo sabéis, también está sucediendo en Indonesia, especialmente en Ambon, que la creación de números de la confinción de crimen también es creación en Ambon, pero la creación online, especialmente en el crimen de ciber, Ambon también es creación en el momento. Entonces, lo que os presenté hoy es muy, muy abierto en nuestra instancia. Gracias mucho, Mr. Vaz. Sí. Vamos a nuestro próximo speaker. Nuestro próximo speaker es Profesor Dr. Shambu Prasa Chakrabati, al MLB, como D.O. Low, Engineering and Management Universidad Kolkata, India. Profesor Shambu, ¿estás con nosotros? Ok, entonces, señoras y señores, por lo tanto, por alguna razón, Profesor Shambu se salió de pronto, pero estará con nosotros después. Entonces, vamos a proceder a nuestro próximo speaker. Hay Profesor Dr. Profesor Adriánus Meliala, MSE, MSJ, Ph.D. como cromologías de la Universidad de Indonesia. Profesor, por favor. Muchas gracias, moderador. So, first of all, let me express my gratitude to the Dean of Faculty of Law, as well as the School Civitas Academical of Faculty of Law, Mr. Timura. Also, I would like to thank you. Thank you very much. My pleasure. Thank you. And also for the focus on everything that happened. Okay, since I'm the I'm the living speaker, yeah, because the other two are still somewhere in the other places. So, I have much more freedom in terms of expressing my ideas relating the topic of this seminar that is on urban problem and and crime control. That's the topic that I'm that I'm choosing for this for these presentations. However, there is a there is a continuing title that is a half-hearted situations. Why I why I emphasize upon a half-hearted situations simply because I detect upon the low consensus among city inhabitants, city administrators, even the academic, yeah, who observe, you know the urban problems in terms of whether or not we really need that kind of urban problems. What's actually urban problems? Yeah. And and should we, you know, should we stop the you know the the city from growing, for example. Yeah. And on the other hand, sometimes we are not really clear in terms of the you know the following effect that comes from the consequences of having having a big city, for example. Yeah. So that's why I I'm using the the terminology of half-hearted or half-hearted situations simply to describe a there is low consensus even ambiguity among us regarding those two very important concepts. Now I'm as straight to the the straight, the the third slides of me. So ladies and gentlemen, it is very common to see city inhabitants like ourselves. Yeah. For dreaming, having a bigger city, having a more complex infrastructure, having more public transportation. Yeah. A better better public facilities. We have hospitals everywhere. We have good malls everywhere. We have more fees. Yeah. That, you know, that having a a very latest a TV show, something like that. Yeah. We we we we really need that kind and it is very it's very common situation because if we want to have you know a tranquil a lonely situation then why don't we go to the to the fillets? Yeah. Why don't we go just to the remote areas? Yeah. So we deserve to have that kind of facility simply because we live in a city. Right. However, here we are. There is a there is a part. There is a implications that we are not aware of. That is in in in all development in regard to the any aspect of our open life there is an impact. There is a cost that we are not really anticipated and when it when it occurs then here we are. We have a new monster called Trang. We have a new monster that called you know criminals and that makes us fearful. Next. So so there are now new situations coming simply because we have now you know a big city a more populous people wider area skyscraper building everywhere now we have problem. Yeah. What's your problem? As I also mentioned by Mr. Bass all cities now suffering of increasing crime rate more dangerous public places more intense hate crime provocative social media higher prevalence of sexual harassment bla bla bla we don't really deserve for this we don't really plan for this what we actually aim at the beginning is we have you know we have a better life since we have more you know why more high rise building we have more people around we have more public places we have good transportation but how come at the end we have this how come we at the end we have this kind of terrible things if we know exactly from the from the beginning then probably we don't have to dream about you know living in a big city if we know exactly that this kind of impact that will occur then again as I said before it will be better for us to you know to stay in the Philippines and enjoying local tranquil and calm situation and this kind of in this kind of situations ladies and gentlemen is quickly responded by crime control officers here I reckon that they are representative from the police representative from the prosecutors and also representative from the from judges, local judges and those are people who who quickly responded to the new situations incurring on us regarding crime rate the more fearful situations and all that kind of crime problems yeah this may push crime control officers to perform publicizing yeah so they won't they simply want to arrest more people they they should you know they should criminalize they indict people and put people in prisons simply because they want us to be to feel safe they want us to feel secure yeah so there are security situations yeah there are you know there are there are security situations because why are security situations because once we have more people in jail yeah yeah like young men young girls and then being put by uh by officers by police by prosecutors in jail then there will be new a problem coming because those people will be seen as a recidivist will be seen later on once once where once they are released from the from the prison there will be seen as the former criminals and what happened then we don't want to have friends with them we don't want to have employee which are former inmates we don't want to have uh uh uh uh uh how to say uh uh uh uh staff having been in prison for a while and then it creates no problem because those people are left unemployed without job without without income then they have to rub again they have to be they have to commit one uh they have to commit crime once again you know to to to be uh to feed up themselves and then it creates no other sexual color related problems yeah so again starting from our simple idea to have yeah to have a better life uh in in in the place called city but then goes and goes we have you know a problem regarding the recidivism as well as a new kind of criminals which actually yeah which actually comes from you know the city inhabitants uh those are young girls uh young boys which actually our own family next next place so then we are we are in uh in we are we we came across very intriguing situation yeah there are people asking us do you want to live in a very full city so why don't you move to the other city yeah for example when you are talking about Ambon if if Ambon is full of gran faustaba then people may may provocatively asking you why don't you move to the other city yeah why don't you keep staying in Ambon while at the same time you are surrounded by criminals yeah we are ready to be on the road situation all the time we have to bring weapon anywhere we go simply because we don't we don't really believe upon you know the presence of of the police so we have to take care the justice into our own hands yeah by bringing weapons such as knife or gun and then we easily fall into the other kind of problems yeah when we when we when we we thought purposely yeah send somebody then we have to be in jail yeah despite the fact that we are not really have intention to do that do you know that you may be restricted to go at night simply because you are believe you believe that that there are many beggars there are many many local talks around yeah um the dean of faculty of law saying that the there are uh uh local talks in the Jebater Meraputi right so do we have to avoid Jebater Meraputi then at night no because if we avoid Jebater Meraputi then we we are nowhere because they are that's actually the the shortest way you know of going to our home so what then we uh so what actually we can do we could do that yeah uh a keep keep crossing Jebater Meraputi we thought be in a fearful situation or or asking people or asking the police to to be to be our guardian or bringing our weapon you know so to to make us secure and feel safe yeah so there are and easy choices love to us for staying in the city yeah so in regard to that there is a you know a grown half-hearted feeling yeah now we are coming to the question do we really need that kind of a big city do we really need you know complete infrastructure do we really need a strong police police organizations because at the end you know still we have a feeling of being insecure we still have a feeling of being fearful we still have a problem of you know of of of thuggery we still have problem in regard to the to the online online time as Mr. Bajs told us yeah so what's the purpose of doing that yeah again by being by living in the big city by living in the more modern and so peace category city you have to pay taxes more yeah you have to you have to spend your money more than living in the small city yeah so again there are there are half half harder situations you have paid more for living in the big city but at the end but on the other hand you you get you get crime threat you get you get the crime crime problems without without being you know without without being uh uh tough you know our self in terms of avoiding from those problems next next however to be to make it balanced because I don't want to let you in the pessimistic tone yeah I think the the other he did agenda of the seminar is to give you more optimistic sense in terms of understanding this kind of uh this kind of situations so to make it balanced despite the progress of all but development which actually leads to the negative situation as I told you before crime phenomenal may not be may not at all times be problematic in the city yeah so sometimes we we have such kind of a balance yeah we we our self you know may reproduce so called a social capital where at the end we may find situation like this well there are problems outside our our home we may face problem when we are when we cross the jambatay melaputi but I believe there are it's not only us who feel that way and I believe that once I myself involve in that kind of crime I believe that all people beside me all people who are watching me will help me right so by by understanding that we have social capital we can't believe we may believe that there are people who will who will help us if there is something happen to us if we are if we are or take attention to the what actually the most affected what actually the most fearful situation taken by the street criminals such as jamrat white or chopper it's not it's not the case of the police arrested it's not the case that they are being shot by the police no the one that they are must afraid of is when we when we when we cry or when we shout out loud yeah saying that well there are thieves there are there are thoughts and then by doing that it attracts people it attracts the public to commit vigilante to them yeah we call it as a cryocan so it will be a nightmare for the criminals to be in cryocan because because at the end there will be there will be bug there will be smug and then it will put themselves to the end so that's actually the Indonesians balance the Indonesians ways of of creating so good justice it's not it's not really good it's not really right in the in legal perspective but it matters it is not really right in terms of using a normative sense but it works because if we believe that well people people are encourages encourage us to be in cryocan with me then I will be safe by doing that we may desagradar todos all those situations that make us fearful as I told you before yeah next on the other hand on the other hand people like the police prosecutors judges as well as the the municipal officers yeah like Sapo Pepe they suffer so called Cinderella complex Cinderella you know Cinderella Cinderella is actually the the role from the from the drama who wants to be seen who wants to be who wants to be you know who wants to be at the top who wants to be all the states all the times starting from the minute one to the end of the of the of the decision he wants to he or she wants to be at the center of the public for fraud right so by mentioning this kind of complex what I want to emphasize is this so public policy crime control officers sometimes trap into to the economy first they want to they want to create you know so called a high profile enter policing by creating more more rest more shooting more indictment more prosecution blah blah blah to us yeah and then by doing that they have rights to to get you know more money more police power more more police more police infrastructures as well as more court buildings more persecutor and all all infrastructure related to the to the justice however on the other hand they also believe that probably the the best thing to do in terms of reducing crime and and and asking us to be to be to feel safe is by asking our support asking us to be involved in the in in in crime prevention by by inviting us to participate in security officer so here we are there are two decotomies that sometimes make us into confusing situations yeah first on one side they ask us to to be more vigilant but on the other hand they ask us to be to be to stay alert to be to be to to be to to to to to participate possible by by by taking into the taking into crime patrol yeah so that so as to secure on the other hand however however one thing that I want to emphasize is this that whichever extreme chosen is it the tough policing or community involvement such crime control post may be unbearable by the city yeah meaning that this if we if we give more police power more infrastructure to the crime control officers more more police cars more ITs to the to the given to the judge given to the judges basically it it means that we we give more money yeah using our text to them without at the end asking them for something in return adequately so sometimes we we say that well or we have we have paid we have given you so much money and we don't want to give you much more money we are asking you something in return we are asking you the result of your work yeah on the other hand if we talk if we are talking about the community participation in cities we are too busy to to involve in terms of being involved in ciscoming por ejemplo yeah i'm using in religion words yeah why is it is it is it difficult to be involved in the in ciscoming for example the moderator yeah he has to wake up a 6 o clock yeah in the morning because on at the clock he has a class yeah and at night he has to prepare lectures materials he has to read books he has to prepare proper PowerPoint presentations so he has no time for involving in the ciscoming right so that's actually such kind of a una formable situations yeah taken by city inhabitants despite the fact it is good yeah it is invited by the crime control officials next i'm referring to the what actually mr bus said in regard to the online crime yeah mr bus have said that online situation or digital digital world is to a certain extent contribute to the crime phenomenon in in in in his city yeah in my in my in my presentation i'm not i'm not i'm not in the position to to blame online situations as a cause of crime because as a society we are not we are not being introduced to crime situation in a quite long way compared to for suba european people yeah so we are using online situation just for big fans just for contact people just for sending message simple message to our friends our colleague yeah while we are still waiting for the prayer we are still waiting for the for the for the period that we are using online for for example for creating or for executing a bank account a bank transfer for example yeah well sometimes gradually there are more people yeah rather than going to the ATM and withdraw money they're using virtual bank using on gadget for example yes there are many people however we are still in the beginning we are still in the preliminary stage in terms of utilizing online situation however if if we do not stop the progress from the very beginning then i believe that what happened in in Mr. Basiti will also occur in Ambon or in the other part of Indonesia last one so i'm now coming to the conclusion so it's so being big being populist being modern and complex is not always good to the city especially it's not always good to us as inhabitants well there are some positive points of of having that however we have to to to take care as well regarding the the gutting impact at the same time yeah so there are prices there are costs for that which is sometimes una forever as i mentioned before yeah sometimes we think that it's too much giving money to the police it's it's good it's it's it's enough giving money to the to the justice people because at the end they don't give us you know such kind of a safety as we expect yeah so then at the end this creates how much of feeling among city inhabitants including city ambassadors so how to solve that from the from that kind of situations yeah so i suggest that for all people who wants to be city ambassadors to produce a well-planned city development yeah so to produce a well-planned master plan to produce a very rigid and you know recovering outside of blueprint of the city including you know including the negative impact when it happens so don't don't give a false promise to the city inhabitants like us like ourselves that you know that the biggest city always merit of you know of of good things but also if we have to be clear all the city ambassadors make clear that in any aspect of of of growing there always be a bad side in any aspect of the of development there always be done with projects and by doing that it is up to us as a city inhabitants to decide whether or not we want to fulfill we want to go through that kind of path or not because that actually the democracy is democracy is is letting us as a public decides what will be happen to us and not depending upon the doom service who decides whatever happen to us that's all from me probably it is that is a kind of beneficial to all of you presentation you have there Professor it's really opening our mind about crime in the Y también hablamos de los pros y cons de morir en la ciudad de Europa. Gracias, señoras y señores. A continuación, el próximo speaker, como profesor Dr. Shambu Shakrabati, es el profesor Ayudari. Sí, sí, muy buenas tardes desde Indio. Es justo la tarde de las 12 de la noche. Muchas gracias por invitarme a esta sesión. Y, especialmente, por el tema que ha sido considerado, ese tema es, creo que, tal vez, el más desafiado en el próximo año. También agradezco a la Universidad de Patimorio por invitarme a esta sesión. Así que, sin más, ayúdame a comenzar con la presentación. ¿Puedes venir al próximo slide? Creo que la Teresa está asistiendo. Gracias, Teresa, por eso. La primera cosa que me gustaría decir a esta audiencia en Augusta, es que la vida de la ciudad no es algo que es homogénea en la naturaleza. Cada persona en la ciudad tiene su propia historia, su propia background, su propia creación, su propia vida. Y, en este ambiente heterogéneo, siempre hay un área de debate entre dos individuos o dos grupos o diversos grupos. Esta heterogénea es tan larga que tiene casi todos los escalos, los que son de todos los escalos de la edad económica. Entonces, hay personas extremadamente largas, y también hay personas extremadamente pobres. Todos ellos están viviendo juntos en la ciudad. Entonces, ya que no tenemos mucho tiempo para hablar de los individuos, tengo una área muy pequeña y rica para la audiencia para entender. La primera cosa que intento establecer en este paro es la diversidad que todos tenemos. Respecto a este estilo de vida heterogénea, es la responsabilidad de los estados, para que todos los personas puedan vivir juntos armoniosamente. Entonces, no solo es la idea de inclusividad, sino también es la idea de dar la oportunidad igual a todos. Entonces, esta es la primera parte de mi paro. La segunda parte sería sobre si todas las grandes ciudades están diciendo, ¿pueden decir que el problema de la ciudad 1 es básicamente el problema de la ciudad 2? La respuesta a esta pregunta estará discutiendo y estará negativa, porque cada ciudad tiene sus propios desafíos específicos. Hay mayores desafíos comúnes de todas formas. Y el cuarto punto que voy a discutir hoy es cómo vamos a evoluir nuestro sistema legal, qué debería ser nuestra política para adrecer al futuro de nuestras ciudades. Sabemos el pasado, vamos a ir a la presentación, pero ¿qué otras cosas tenemos que desarrollar en los próximos años para que podamos adrecer a los problemas cambios de nuestras ciudades en el próximo paro? Así que, vamos a la próxima línea, por favor. Ahora, esta foto reflete a la ciudad de Nueva York, que está en Estados Unidos. Y puedes muy bien entender que esta es una ciudad donde todo el mundo sabe ser el símbolo de heterogeneidad. Es decir, todo tipo de gente vive aquí. Y es muy, muy congestiva. Vamos a la próxima ciudad, la próxima línea. Ahora, esta es la ciudad de Kolkata, el lugar donde estoy hablando en este momento en India. Y aquí encontramos un montón de heredad, encontramos las estructuras modernas que vienen, y la ciudad tiene un tarjeto completamente diferente. Y hay diferentes nuances de actividades criminales también aquí. Vamos a la próxima foto, la próxima línea. Y esta línea particular habla de otra ciudad, que no es más allá de donde estoy en este momento, pero es otro país, y esta es Taka, que está en Bangladesh. La vida de las personas, el estilo de la vida, la vida es completamente diferente. He estado feliz de superar a un escolar que está en Bangladesh, y está trabajando sobre los problemas del crimen y los desafíos, especialmente entre los niños en el área de Taka. Y en mi discusión con él, he encontrado que el problema de los crimes de la ciudad empieza con los niños, con los niños. Y es estos niños que necesitan ser adresados en el momento correcto para protegerlos de ser un problema más grande para la sociedad. Vamos a la próxima línea, por favor. Ahora, hemos already come across in the previous slides, the heterogeneity, the diversity that we have to address, and the challenges of this diversification. Now the question is, how can the states decide to take specific responsibilities to address those problems? Now, if we try to find out the different problems, we can group them into various clusters. One, conventional crimes, there are conventional crimes in the city. Number two, there are economic crimes, because in a city like the majority of the people from the rural interface, they come down to the city in search of livelihood, in search of economic sustainability. And there is a huge gap between the law and the new modern ways that these people were coming in order to sustain their life in a very strong and hard city life. And that is another cluster. So there are conventional crimes, there are modern typical crimes, which is coming up on a very regular basis. And thirdly, those crimes which are going to come and which we can see has already arrived in many sophisticated countries. So there are three. One is classical or conventional crime, the other one is the modern criminal activities and the third one, the crimes that have started to grow in various parts of the developed world and is slowly and steadily creeping in our countries, in our cities. It has not yet come, but it is coming in the days to come. Let's come to the next slide. So what will be the role? I will just tell you that it's the technology, I think that's going to play a very, very important role in addressing these modern and the new modern crimes, to say the least. And with the help of technology also, we can address conventional or classical crimes. Now, this first example that I have taken for the audience to have a look at is human trafficking. And human trafficking is one of the classical crimes which we can see almost in all jurisdictions, especially in India, especially in the border area of West Bengal, India, like Nepal, Bhutan. So there is huge influx of human trafficking. Now, the technology has not been very dominant to prevent these crimes here. But if you take the example of New York, if you take the example of the United States of America, they have supercomputers, they have the technological powers to survey online 24-7. And this live tracking is based on an algorithm and this algorithm continuously searches almost all the data that is on a regular update on the web. So for example, there are some keywords, keywords like hide, HID hide, or hiding place, or maybe travel, T-R-A-V-E-L, and they have a different nomenclature, T-R-A-V-I-L, travel. It's a special word. These type of quotes are very commonly used in various human trafficking groups and communities. Now, in India, in many countries, once a human trafficking incident happens, then it comes to the knowledge of the parents or the friends, then it goes to the police station and then the search starts and then they look for the mobile phone tracking and everything comes into the scenario. But that's not the case in the US. Whenever a person is sending some information online, this software keeps on searching for these keywords and starts beeping and informing the law enforcement agencies that these are the places where these type of communications are happening. And this live tracking can immediately help the law enforcement agencies to intervene. So this is one case study that I'd like everyone to have a closer look and maybe study further. Now let's come to the next slide with the next case study. Now this is the second cluster of crime that I was talking about previous was a classical crime. Human trafficking was one of them. The second crime that I'm trying to talk about are economic crimes. Now economic crimes are basically crimes that deals with number one goods and number two services. Now these goods or services are generally counterfeited. Someone is selling something in the name of something else in order to have a market which is based on fraud or maybe misrepresentation at times. So how do we prevent a situation like this? I think again technology like blockchain technology can come as a very good assistance. What happens here is that this technology tries to find out and mark every item that's being manufactured with a specific number. Okay, that's a very flat interpretation. So that it can be tracked where it ends up with. Similar to that of a car, a vehicle. When we buy a car it has a specific engine number and a chassis number. So that means wherever the car goes wherever the chassis goes it can be tracked. It can be tracked by the law enforcement agencies where this car is. So I think we have to slowly and steadily adopt blockchain technology in order to prevent counterfeiting of products. We have to bring in technological support like artificial intelligence. The previous speaker was very much focused on that as well especially in the second last slide. And even when that's a bit of an expensive affair but I think it's important that the modern cities should start adopting these technological things if not at a bigger scale but on a smaller scale maybe the universities can start researching on it maybe develop new models of how this can be implemented at a much lesser expensive manner. Now another example that I would like to give I've not incorporated that in this particular slide but I think it's important for all of us to know how technology can also prevent those crimes those things which not really is considered to be within the periphery of intentional crimes but crimes nonetheless like traffic signal violations and the traffic accident cases loss of lives innocent lives without their fault maybe because of over speeding because of something else. So these types of crimes can also be very nicely prevented by introducing artificial intelligence into the system with proper data authenticated data the technology can very easily identify what are the places where similar incidents are going to take place. So here we are in the third like a phase of policy making like we have to be equipped today in order to address a problem tomorrow and this is exactly where the technology can be very handy I'm not saying that artificial intelligence is without a flaw there are many instances where it has been proved that artificial intelligence has a lot of challenges say for example if you feed a data like 2 plus 2 is equal to 5 2 plus 2 is equal to 5 all the time maybe when you ask this question to the computer what is 2 plus 2? it can say it's 5 so the entire idea of artificial intelligence being used in solving human problems especially criminal issues have been questioned by a number of ways but then again the first thing that I said when I introduced this slide is the use of the word authentication so we need to incorporate authenticated data like in the last year how many accidents took place what are the places these data must be given correctly what was the time when the accident took place so or when the crime took place all these things taken together I think then technology can be really really handy and the cities can develop a very strong defense mechanism to address these type of challenges and this have been found to be very successful in many countries let me tell you this maybe on another discussion we can or maybe the question answered around we can talk more about this let's come to the next slide please so what is the road ahead for us so how the state should interfere as a matter of fact we all know that crime is not only an offense against an individual but it's an offense against the community it's against the state and that's the reason why not people like common people we cannot say this is the response of the common people to prevent crime it is the response of the state and it is even the response of the state to make it aware to the local people about their responsibilities to prevent crime say for example a few weeks back the driver of this university was sitting in the middle of something and he looked very sad so when I asked what's the problem why you're very sad he said that like you know I have been duped by 12,000 rupees so I said how how you lost this money he said that there was a caller who said that he would sell something good for 12,000 rupees which is actually available in the market for more than 25,000 rupees so I thought it's helpful for me let's buy this for a cheaper amount so he asked for the bank details and asked for the password and the password is given and the money was gone and the product never come up and the phone has gone switched off so this type of problems I think you know we need to make the people aware the common people aware of the organized criminals who are there in our cities and who can operate from a far so far of distance so it's not necessarily the jurisdiction that the state is protecting but it's the people whom the state needs to protect so let's see what we have to do ahead the next slide please yes so the first thing I would definitely suggest is slowly but steadily we need to develop our infrastructure now this infrastructure that I'm trying to highlight is focused on technological infrastructure maybe more funding to universities for research and developing new ways or maybe sending some brighter students to those countries who are using these types of technologies to prevent crimes and then come back and assist the system altogether so I think this is very important we need to have more technological infrastructure in our cities to prevent crimes yes I said about these two points already number one we need authenticated data I've already explained this and we need adequate data for the supercomputers to really be of any help and we need to make this aware to the law enforcement agencies to the legislators to the people whose money are going to be spent for developing these infrastructure and also to equip with adequate training to those people who will be responsible to take care of the city crimes so we need to have a complete new mindset, complete new planning and try to implement them maybe in smaller cities maybe with a very limited amount of money and funding to see to what extent it is more acceptable or to what extent it is successful and maybe once you can prove it that way then it can be like a huge investment can be done in future days so so I think it's important that we understand at least try to anticipate with reasonable foreseeability what's going to come to our cities in the next decade so with the advent of technology and the usage of technology in protecting crime criminal activities in the cities we have also to know that there are certain other problems by using technology we are directly affecting the privacy rights of the people by use of technology we can keep on surveilling and look into who are the political oppositions, the people who are against and can take steps against them if the state can do that it can be even religious ideologies people in the heterogeneous community like a city, I already showed three pictures there are almost all religious beliefs all political beliefs there in that particular small space and with the help of technology we have to be very careful that we don't misuse the technology to abrogate the rights of people so I think that is about my discussion, let's come to the last slide I think the next slide please and I think I think we have to take this discussion forward in a more informal way amidst the classrooms amidst the research centres amidst the policy makers and come up to what is exactly the problem in a specific city I see it already in the very beginning every city have their own unique challenges and I think the ultimate objective is to have a better city experience in the years to come so thank you once again that's exactly where I rest my speech for the day thanks again for giving me the opportunity to bring in my observations on this area of research thank you once again everybody well thank you so much professor that's such a great presentation professor well with that ends we will move to our second session ask you an answer question the reason gentlemen rule to be the questioner first you have to raise your hand if you are on the online meeting you can use the second feature on the zoom and after that please state your name also your number identification as students or also called name after that please state your question to us and also straight to the point ladies and gentlemen because we have limited time for this room I limited to the just a person for asking question and then in the zoom room we have one question and in our other social media such as Instagram we will have one question only ladies and gentlemen whoever want to ask the question please raise your hand now ok one two so it will be Gea and also Mr.Sofian right? ok first chance will be given to Mr.Sofian just you I'm sorry to the community please give a mic for Mr.Sofian is there any extra mic for Mr.Sofian ladies yes because all the please bring the mic to Mr.Sofian are you in here yes yes Mr.Sofian please thank you thank you thank you my name is Sofian Arif I come from regional office of ministry, human law and human rights at Maluku and I'm also the student of Prof. Adelus I'm a doctor a student and we have a data from our image about 1,537 both data news on inmates and about 30 percent there is a convicted by 30 sorry 436 convicted by child protection and 30 decency to violence against women and children and 6 pornography 9 domestic violence and total about 483 is around about more than 31 percent my question is especially in Ambon or this Maluku how the strategic plan for this government to decrease this potential convicted for this our children and second for this 483 case there is more than victims for our children we I mean how the best treatment for this victim within this cases thank you ok Mr. Sofian the question was for Prof. Adelus ok thank you so much Prof. Adelus if you may just answer the question from Mr. Sofian right what happened in Ambon I believe it's not that different compared to the to the other city of Indonesia that some elements of society are left filled in terms of following at the the good pathway of being of being a member of society so I omit the fact that probably there are individuals who have criminal mindset or having a psychopathic personality or probably they have been in so called extreme situations I just assume that actually there are elements of society member of individuals who have been filled in terms of following the most accepted way to become a good member of citizens of the public well for example if we believe that to be a good member of society so children must go to the school then there are children who are who are basically playing with gadgets and then playing trance left school and then being having no skill when he or she becoming a mature person when they are growing up or there are somebody who are so poor enough so poor in terms of going to school having a skill in terms of having a job then being left unemployed and having no having no income to fill up his family for example so how to so how to reconcile the situations the welfare approach has to be performed optimally by city administrators so there are less and less member of the public being left alone without any support in terms of not going to school or not having skill for life or not being involved in a social network so city administrators should prioritize in many ways allocate budget as much as possible so that all people, all city inhabitants of Ambon for example being involved in so called development strategy so I understand the number as you mentioned actually number of people who failed to be captured by the by the government strategy simply because probably the budget is too small for that or probably because the democracy prevents the government to reach out as many as as many as possible people to be involved in the government programs so basically if you ask for solutions then we have to see whether or not the government has been effective and efficient in terms of exercising its authority maximizing its budget to provide for public awareness so that at the end nobody, nobody in the city being in the situation as you mentioned thank you well thank you professor we move to the next question from Geya Audie could you give the mic for Geya please yes thank you thank you thank you for the time Pa Harley and prof my name is Dia and I'm from faculty of law Patimura University and my question sorry for other speakers but my question is for a prof Adrianos may Juajua prof yeah I think that we all agreed that now the living failures, the norms and the culture of our society has changed I remember when I was teenager when a criminal done by other teenager or juvenile my parents will strictly reminds me see that as a bad example and please do not do like that if you do something like that and please get out from the something like that everything is changed not long we heard about viral news about the case about Mario Dandy case and then not long for that we hear again a case of Aditya Hasibuan as we know that these two young men is come from metropolitan city they come from educated parents they come from healthy family so prof, I would like to hear your opinion about this phenomena from criminology study thank you prof ok ok, time given for Prof. Adriano Semanela to answer Mrs. Día questions I would rather not exaggerate the case of Mario Dandy and what's the other one Aditya Hasibuan our Erudin simply because here we are we have 55 million young people in this country including young boys younger sitting here having no problem with that kind of situation so why we just emphasize upon those two cases which actually performs the most extreme situations occurred by young men while forgetting others I think as a lecturer as a professor I would rather depending on relying upon the hope of Indonesia in the shoulder of those young people the other 55 million people right which performing good study hard working hard to prepare for their own future so again ma'am please be optimistic rather than pessimistic so then do not just concentrate upon the bad things as performed by those two cases but look that the majority of Indonesian young people actually they are actually in the good situation they are very serious in terms of preparing their own future thank you thank you again professor as for this question and answer session on this one we will close and we will moving to the zoom meeting as for the zoom meeting the question that will be Andy Munafir Andy Munafir you may ask your question please stated thank you thank you sir my voice clear yes I'm sorry Andy are you there are you there you still turn off your mic can you unmute your sound hello yes I can hear you clearly I can hear you clearly ok ok ok I'm sorry for not present at the university I'm on duty now I'm in Jakarta ok my name is Andy Munafir student of postgraduate university first my opinion about why the numbers of crime increase in urban areas I think one of the reason is the using of electronic traffic law enforcement in the other side it's make the policemen job more easy because the using of CCTV the camera eyes but the other hand it's increase the crime especially the robbery or we used to call big bagel at the night why it's like that the police doesn't make a massive patrol anymore I think it's not a good policy one patient for Mr. Sambu Chakrabarthi from India sir do you have success story about how to decrease the number of crime at the villages in India sir I want to tell you in our territory it's a common problem the fighting the violence of the two neighbour villages it's almost make us disparate it's painful we cannot present the prosperity if the social stabilization it's not good that's all thank you for the opportunity Mr. moderator ok thank you Andy do you stated your question Mr. Sambu yeah Mr. Sambu please answer the question yeah yeah thank you for your observation first of all and I think that's a very right observation because if you take into consideration the various types of criminal activities that's happening around and the problem that the law enforcement agencies face so these two are always you know one after the other like if the law enforcement agencies are smart then the people who are violating the law are smarter and when the law enforcement agencies now equipped to get hold of that smarter thing the people who are in the zone of violating the things have already gone three stages ahead because it's very easy for one person to move from one particular place to the other and not that simple for the entire infrastructure because law enforcement agency is not one place or one person it's about everything coming up together so it takes time and this is the reason why you know how smart the system is it will still fall short of the the expectation of the people and for that I think the future again I think is in the investment in technological advancements and implementing those things in the challenges that you just stated here and even the previous speakers when the crime if you have taken into consideration the type of crimes you'll find that the C-certific cameras which are more used nowadays the mobile tower locations these are now the sineq none of moving into this particular point so I think I think it's important that you have to engage more into these new ways of addressing the existing problems now apart from your observations which I really appreciate you raised a specific question now can you just repeat that question to me because of the technological issue I could not really hear that can you just come down to your question specifically Thank you professor and for the last question will be for Mr. Mayor of Lisingen Dr. Andes Basvan Ditalar Mr. Ditalar our one of our students namely Alia Paria from 4th semester of law are asking your question besides how to deal with this crime combining criminal law, administrative law collaboration with all the stakeholders prevention and repression is there any other effort besides those mentioned from the source is there any way of handling the crime in the urban area that's the question Mr. Mayor thank you for the question I think you can see that line through all the speakers what we are looking for is a kind of a balance in approach yes we need criminal law sometimes yes we use administrative law but we also as professor Melialla pointed out we also need the social capital for people and the cooperation of all actors in preventing crime and I mean with that also the cooperation with care services with youth workers on the streets who mobilize this social capital who can really approach people in a personal way to prevent crime also those aspects are also very very important so I would say yes we need the repression but the prevention is mainly in a personal approach in using social work and using youth work and the repression in a balanced combination I would say that as an answer on your question ok Mr. Mayor thank you so much that will end all of our question and answer session we will move to conclusion we see now that the registered number crime are decreasing but we can see the type of suppressive crime that also is happening such as cyber crime using technology that could impact our way of life because of that reason we have to reinforce our approach of time mainly through the cooperation and combining administrative law criminal law and also the prevention to all the stakeholders of the society effectively and carefully but the challenge in urban area such as privacy right political ideology religious ideology needed to be suppressed in order to have heterogeneous experience in our city lastly being big popular modern complex is not always a good to be city crisis for that which is criminal and this is created half-hearted feeling among the city inhabitant and city administrator W.E. Dubora ever said that the chief of problem in any community cares with crime is not that punishment of the criminal but the prevention of young from being trained to do criminal also Bangladesh always says remember crime is not so early because there is an attention there is opportunity as of Indonesian said remember the penalty is not because there is an attention to what happens but also because there is a chance waspadala waspadala on behalf of the national department for the national university I would like to thank all of our speaker for training us our seminar today it was an honor for our university and also specially for our criminal law department all of your explanation and increase our knowledge to fight decreasing crime in the urban area I'm happy with your model for today sign up, thank you for your attention and thus marks the end of our seminar Professor Maliella I hope you don't mind me just standing right here because obviously I couldn't just wedge myself up in there which you both it's too much of an honor I couldn't take it and to professor to the mayor of Lisingen and also to dr. Chakrabarti it is an honor to see you both again doing a partnership with this faculty it is such a pleasant a few to see you guys again and professor Maliella amazing materials and to all of the active participants and to every each of the inquiries that have been asked thank you so much for your participation today please give a round of applause to yourselves and also for everyone here thank you now before we move on there will be an award being given out to the best inquiries that have been given to the materials that were given out now to Mr. Hadley Salmon I ask of you to please name the best inquiries that you will now present the awards to thank you so much for the best question and also Mr. Sofian and also Gila I still want to question but we don't know many times so you are still going to get the prizes also in IG we have Alia Talia and also in Sumiti we have Andy Musafir so that's all in that thank you so much to the best inquiries please step up to the stage and accept your prizes to the previously named inquiries please step up and receive your awards I give the honor to Dr. J. Hehanusa to present the awards to the best inquiries ma'am congratulations to the best inquiries I hope you will always use the information that you have received from your questions and continue to use them and share them forward thank you so much and now to give out the play cards for the best for the speakers now I will present the best device dean of the flower faculty Dr. Elsa Thul S.H.M.S and then there will also be the head of committee Dr. Yanti Amelia Lemrisa S.H.M.H and also last but not least Dr. J. Hehanusa S.H.M. Home please to the named honorables step to the front of the play cards to the speaker excuse me professor if you will thank you so much now to the documentation team please please snap a photo of these 4 billion people standing in front of us right now and now to present your play cards Dr. Hehanusa thank you so much for everyone and also for our long distance speakers I will have you all know that your certificates will be sent to you via zoom I hope that's enough for you and also thank you so much for participating again and really personally nice seeing you again thank you thank you so much everyone God bless everyone have a nice journey home thank you bye bye bye bye bye bye