 Good afternoon. Oh, sorry. Good morning. So we start the one journal. Good morning. Yes, so we start with the right foot. Before we go to the fun part, so welcome first to the workshop and before I leave the world to the actual organizer, Vladimir Krivancev and Nikoleta Morolova from the from the International Atomic Energy Agency. I'm Nikola Serianium, the local organizer, so and I will say just a few words about ICTP, so to let you know a bit what kind of place we are in and then we go to the to the fun part. So ICTP is a which is shown here in the picture is is an institute that was founded in 1964 by Nobel laureate Abdul Salam, so he got the Nobel prize for physics in the in the late 70s with the goal of enhancing international cooperation through science and and the institute has a double task of performing research in theoretical physics, mathematics and related areas and contributing to the capacity building in the science sector, especially with particular attention to the developing world, so so we combine these two and the two of course are deeply connected with one another and it's it's it was founded by a threat through a tripartite agreement between the government of Italy, UNESCO, the UN Agency for Education Science and Culture and the International Atomic Energy Agency. So we have the four tasks in research in education and outreach and in particular in research we cover several fields of theoretical physics, mathematics, like condensed metaphysics, where I'm in, applied physics, earth system physics, climate and quantitative life sciences and of course we we are heavily involved in high performance computing and related areas and so in order also to be able to support scientists in the developing world, we also have to do research at high level, otherwise it would be lost, so apart from the Nobel Prize for physics won by the by the ICTP founder Abdul Salam, several other ICTP scientists have been involved in in Nobel related research, like Filippo Giorgi, who was one of the group leaders of the IPCC, who got the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007 for providing convincing evidence to the public about climate change and many contribution, including by Alexei Smirnov and others on on high energy physics related to solar neutrinos, the discovery of the Higgs bosons and in the gravitational waves. So and we have several educational programs. The the flagship program is the diploma program that is dedicated to students already that have obtained a degree that would give access to a PhD program in their own country, but sometimes the level is not good enough to to start a PhD elsewhere and we we take so students, pre-PhD students for one year and we subject them to intensive training to prepare them to go and take a PhD somewhere else in the in the world and this program has been going on for 30 years with with a great success and of course we have a lot of training like and in the education activities like this and we have a robust program of visitors, so this is a bit the statistics and we are really a global hub for science, for scientists everywhere, so we have had visitors from about 188 countries through the years, so really we cover every corner of the earth and and we have a series of training programs that are meant to support scientists in developing countries at every stage of their career. So from the postgraduate diploma program I've already mentioned it masters degrees in collaboration with universities, PhD degrees in collaboration with universities, but also support through associate programs, synchrotron visiting facility programs to support established scientists, people that are already professing their home country, but that they work under conditions that make it difficult to to be connected to the international scientific community and to perform research at at international level, so if you think you you could be interested feel free to approach me send me an email, read the there's a lot of information on the website, but sometimes it's better to to ask directly, so and with this I finish and I live the world to the main organizer to Vladimir Krivancev that will say something about the workshop I think, yes, and thank you. Thank you for inviting IE again to organize the workshop in Trieste. I'd like to also thank all participants who submitted the applications and received confirmation for participation and saying it was great interest and thank you very much also to express this interest. Of course, I'd like to thank all our lectures who this who agreed to give lectures on this new, let's say, relatively new thing, topic which we develop in and Of course for the organizers as this is really great place Last time was December was very cold. I was here, but maybe more productive. Today is also not very hot So not for swimming probably then please concentrate on this workshop I will tell about the program so we will organize maybe three groups, three or four groups, I guess from all participants and then you will be working in these groups not only during the day but also at night after of course, please have fun also around in this great place, but don't forget that this one of the most interesting also things and fun happens here in this in this whole when you listen to our lectures about this new technology, which is open source I know it's a code or software for to be used in nuclear reactors both in fusion and fusion We will concentrate this This week on two main tools what we've selected it's open emcee for Monte Carlo simulations of Neutronix NCF D2 is open for and it's derivative and family But we also you will have a look at few Other only briefly Open source tools for this which we believe and all expert many experts believe that it's kind of alternative or additional Let's say open source of twerards an additional dimension to the old numerical simulations and what we have fleet of the computer codes Maybe very old and especially for the new generation. You are free to use it. It's very easy to start Okay, it's cause nothing to obtain and to be involved So from now I think can we start presentation I prepared brief introduction of the idea How do we start it like to share a I think share a screen? Okay, okay, I see looks okay, right? Okay, before we start this workshop on open source nuclear codes and software for reactors analysis and simulation and more in general and simulation of nuclear energy systems, I would like to introduce I Activity is related to innovative nuclear energy systems that systems require this new software And let me start very briefly again with situation Let's say energy situations of all About, you know, big part of the 1.3 billion people as situation for the 2020. I believe the status They don't have access to the energy at all not electricity But of course we saw the type like who's they can but to electricity. No And one billion of people cannot Don't have access to the health care due to the energy poverty and 2.6 billion people rely on biomass like like our, you know Grandfathers or maybe more for the thousand thousand years still it's Significant part of the world Have no access to the electricity like we have here and all developing countries Developed countries and This is the problem that can be solved in in one way or another And nuclear power is the one of the means one of the Let's say players on this On this story who can help us to solve this And problems in 2022 nuclear reactors generated 9.2% of total electricity in the world Which is by the way like 1% less than two years ago I'm just showing the slide actually and every presentation since 2016 And saying that this number is decreasing by the way For whatever reasons one of this introduction of the renewable energy sources and Like skepticism of many countries like germany who shut down the nuclear power plants But still it's 10% of the total electricity and this part can share it can be Make higher if we need the sustainable source of energy Or not okay, and finally we have now in the world 437 nuclear power reactors which generate about 300 okay about 400 gigawatt electric Stalled capacity as they operate in 30 countries both developing developing And still now we have an additional There is interest in the nuclear reactors 57 reactors under construction We 60 gigawatt electrical together So more or less this means one year what units in 15 countries and two of them are new camera countries And in this case china should say the china plays significant role they build a lot of reactors Because china is growing up and if you need to if you grow And if you improve your quality of the people you can see china is it changes in every year Then you need more and more energy. This is one the key more or less how much energy is consumed it's kind of not direct but Indirect indicator how the quality of life in the country So let me say that nuclear capacity into for the How how much electricity will be produced by nuclear power plants? Into up to 2050 according to the idea projections we have like Optimistic or like high It's not optimistic. Maybe high energy is high scenario low scenario And before here that we have history And you might see also the projections in 2010 the projection into 14 for example They decrease in so the role of the nuclear power even in projects is decreasing And And also it's also if you look at this to the low projections and high projections So the lowest is that electricity will be produced the same in gigawatts But of course the share in percentages will be decreasing But the high projections is like That production of electricity by nuclear power plant will double in 2050 We actually don't know it depends on many many things and situation And we are an engineers and you know the people who are in the industry. We work hard to make Sure that this nuclear electricity is useful. It's sustainable Excuse me, and it's safe And you see that we can contribute a lot to the future energy generation, which is actually One of the keys to the successful and sustainable development of the nations I will now try to play if it works This small video In 1957 an agency was created with a vision To harness the power of the atom for the benefit of humankind It works with partners across the globe to help countries use nuclear science and technology To meet development challenges boosting food supplies improving health Protecting the environment and contributing to global peace This agency provides the technology expertise and training to make all this possible To nuclear science it helps countries to develop high yielding crops that can thrive in extreme conditions breed healthier livestock And protect fruit and animals from harmful pests The work of this agency supports the conservation of our oceans and coastlines Protecting the marine resources that ensure the livelihoods of millions of people It promotes the use of nuclear technology to fight cancer and improve human health The organization assists countries with their energy planning If they choose nuclear power it offers expertise to ensure facilities are run safely and securely It provides standards and assistance to ensure the safe use of radioactive materials Guidance on the management of the waste generated by the use of nuclear technologies And helps nations to prepare for and respond to incidents and emergencies It's an agency that prevents the spread of nuclear weapons by helping to make sure that nuclear materials remain in peaceful uses It's the global platform for cooperation in nuclear security Advising countries how to guard against nuclear terrorism and prevent the theft and smuggling of radioactive materials Providing technology and expertise Promoting safety and security Assisting sustainable development This is atoms for peace and development This is the IAEA Okay, interesting so Taking the situation I would explain it before the role of the IAEA is we say atoms for peace and development means atoms for peace Promoting the peaceful use of atomic energy or nuclear energy And preventing its use for the you know Non-peaceful purposes I would say as a safeguards and so on And this is agreement between countries who decided to Okay, the IAEA was founded almost 70 years ago And then by all the proposal of the US president and the countries decided to to do this to help developing countries To to to you to to use nuclear power as a peaceful and in return Those countries don't decided not to develop nuclear weapons For all this maybe you saw in this video There are several directions what the IAEA is working And one of them is our nuclear energy department is doing Research and promoting the nuclear power nuclear field cycle with technology And also it helps planning information and knowledge management for the nuclear energy systems for sustainable development We also have department of nuclear safety and security which is related to the safe and Or the use of the nuclear old in general atomic energy and a particular safety of nuclear power plants There is a department of nuclear science and applications. We take care of medical for example Using the nuclear as a top in agriculture and so on department of safeguards that guarantees Like the countries who are Joining non-proliferation treaty They They provide the resources I mean safeguards to control the distribute non-proliferation of the nuclear energy The department of management very big very powerful department manage everything including money And also department of technical cooperation that supports developing countries in In several several projects directly supports with financial activity Okay, this is more not really easy, but maybe you don't need to know also the old details just your brief information and I have a pleasure to lead the fast reactor technology development team Which is part of the nuclear energy department In division of nuclear power in a section of nuclear power technology development where we are doing Proporting development and research and cooperation and organize any activities on advanced Innovative and advanced reactors including advanced watercooled reactors smr small Modera and medium-sized reactors also for non-electrical application and fast reactors, which I am responsible for within this In our activities we concentrate on several directions of them is sharing of knowledge which may means we organize we publish documents on on several activities or several topics we organize conference and technical meetings and also It's also related to capacity building which includes training courses workshop and workshops similar like we have here Thanks to ICTP and for technology development We organize several research activities including coordinated research projects Let me just show you briefly. What is the let's say current very primitive explanation of the status of innovative energy systems or innovative nuclear reactors taking the example of generation for For international forum is organization probably, you know, which trying to implement some rules and designs and international cooperation in the field of the innovative nuclear reactors and they selected six systems potentially Interested and that could be innovative safe and sustainable and help to support sustainable energy including sodium cooled fast reactors Which are operating now let cool fast reactors very high temperature reactor reactors super critical water cooled reactors And gas cooled reactors and molten slow reactors Let us have a look and the status of the innovative reactors fast, which are most of them are in working in the fast nuclear spectrum and who Which are operating now in the world in russia? We have Three reactors one experiment. Okay, research reactor or experimental reactor bore 60 very old reactor And but still is 60 megawatt It's 10 megawatt electric 60 megawatt thermal and two industrial size reactor ben 600 and 800 all sodium cooled reactors operating china operates Against small 20 megawatt electric sodium cooled reactor CFR, which is china experimental faster actor relatively new since 2011 india operates old reactor 1985 and now is commissioning pf bar Which is the prototype sodium cooled faster a breeder reactor. They said 500 megawatt electric And it's now under commissioning, which is delayed now expected in 2020 photo to be connected to the grid Japan now operate joyo small let's say Small experimental reactor against sodium cooled and they have applied applied for the renew the license That should be expected to restart the operation in 2024 And if you look at the reactors and look this all those reactors are sodium cooled fast reactors If you look at fast reactors under construction and decommissioning, we will find that russia is building replacement for bore 60 Again experimental sodium cooled reactor and beer 50 megawatt electric that's expected to start the operation in 2028 From the new types russia is building now constructing reactor rest 300 which is lead cooled reactor It's demonstrator of the lead cool and heavy liquid metal cooled reactors technology Expected to start the operation in 2026. We will see china now is constructing two actually Sodium cooled faster actors CFR 600 second electric each And it's under construction and even There are new that the first unit was the two. It's the same type of Exactly the same. I mean this may be features, but the same design reactors And one of them was reached critical Oh, sorry physical criticality whatever it is as some reports indicate this As for decommissioning japan is decommissioning monju reactor Which was started operation 94 and stopped in 95 Now decided to complete the decommission. USA is decommissioning FFTF Actually, France is also decommissioning I believe phoenix And super phoenix reactors as well This is like current status and you if you see that most of them Out those reactors are sodium cooled fast reactors However, if you look at the new types of the reactors Which are under development and design This slide shows Let's say many Conceptual designs and in bold I try to show The designs and the reactors which have some interest and some you know promotion and let's say movement Compared to the many other tests which were supposed to be Designed in past years, but like now on hold but in bold we have cellular reactors Which proposed in different countries and many and most of them if you look Several of them many of them are still sodium cooled fast reactors, but some others especially As the reactors cooled by heavily with metals such as lead and lead is metathetic Also, there are projects on molten salt cooled reactors And also on gas cooled reactors cooled by helium, for example This is a project and conceptual design shows that the growing interest of the different types of the construction Okay, this slide shows our main activities in the fields in the field of fast reactor technology Which just for your interest, maybe you can have a look and see and There is reports about those activities one of the most important activities that we conduct is coordinated research projects When we try to on the several topics we organize this project, which is typically four years old We invite 15 20 25 or 30 organizations from around the world to participate On different topics and this slide shows the potential names For the to save time. I will probably not go I will show you several examples of the CRPs And typically the most successful I would say CRPs are CRPs Which are benchmark And for this case is benchmark analysis of the FFTF loss of flow without ground tests Means unprotected loss of flow and FFTF is fast flux test facility. It's sodium cooled reactor in the U.S It's 400 megawatt sodium cooled fast reactor thermal 400 megawatt thermal And this particular test And I am actually US provided the experimental data of this test So Okay, I forgotten to say this reactor had interesting feature. It's a passive shutdown system. So called so Means the reactor shuts down passively without any intervention of the humans and this case they Invented let's say and it's also called gas expansion models, which is empty fuel sub assembly. Let's say with gas and when actually it's It's it's filled with sodium, but When you have the nominal flow rate and enough inlet pressure But if the flow rate is for for whatever reason pump stops So means it's most dangerous situation I consider it for this type of the reactors unprotected loss of flow when you don't have flow, but still You have this energy is released in in in the reactor core in this case You you should shut down the reactor somehow and this is passive shutdown system shows that when flow is decreasing so Pressure becomes lower and this gas expands in this sub assembly since it's a peripheral area it reactivity of the reactor becomes Lower and it shutdowns and this test demonstrated this capability of this reactor to survive during this test during such a situation when pump were completely lost and us And participants Provided the experimental data for the blind simulation blind means participants didn't know how to simulate The the results they knew the the input data design of the reactor the conditions But they didn't know how to the final results and they simulated blindly and then results were compared Between each other that was very interesting test, which is completed another Test, which we will you will learn also about Benchmark, which is nitronic benchmark of CFR startup test CFR is China experimental fast reactor and say China Institute of Atomic Energy Agreed to provide the experimental data on on this test is standard nitronic death from the very beginning And we have like about 30 participants 30 participation organization That calculated nitronic with different types of code including open source code open mc Which we will learn this week more in more details This slide shows the some result of simulations Maybe we will we will not repeat this simulation this week, but you will learn how to do it And we have several training materials and documents on this at that guidance for how to use serpent 2 and open mc to simulate This example of this test And we have conducting again. I'd like I'd like to thank the ICTP and Nicholas for providing us possibility to conduct this kind of educational workshops in here in this beautiful place Trieste and I personally participated in organization of the workshops on physics and technology of innovative nuclear energy systems In 2016 2018 and last December in Trieste, and I see some of them participated I I see the famous faces I saw where some people online. Okay, and also online. So you are already well prepared Before I go to the hour directly to our workshop Topics, I want to also to advertise a little bit the Possibility to work as a you can also like apply as a professional young professional Or also if you are a student law you you can Try to apply for the internship and Conduct internship in the IEF for one year All this available you can find the in the IEF and it's really Nice place also Vienna to live and also fun. You can meet many people and do networking and so on Please consider this possibility Thank you for that and now I go to the program of our show. Maybe you saw it already Here this slide is shows it in concentrated way So in the morning and early afternoons, we will have like lectures given by our Experts from around the world and After the after lunch, we will move to the group walks and practical exercises On on on this mostly on the open form and open MC And you will be split it in I guess three or four groups And walking groups On several tasks and exercises probably assigned it to you by our lectures Please do this group activity. So and you don't have to I mean Walk all the time on this. Please also sleep. Please also have a fun but Also think and walking in these groups When you making fun also discuss how to do it's It's not individual task But then you walk you will learn how to walk in team Try to lead and try to And in the on Friday, we'll ask every Representative from every group to deliver some presentation Let's say maybe you have Three exercises you can have three presentations small five minutes presentations or the result of your exercises And we will see what happens And we will compare but it's not a you know the test or examination I Just want you to to enjoy this week and enjoy these exercises try to use Make use of Direct contact with those guys who are the best experts I think an open source of 12 nuclear reactors in the world We'll try to find out all of them. Most of them are here this week in triester There are a few exceptions, but which but they will connect online also so Then I believe we found everybody who can do this Okay, and Then important on Tuesday and Wednesday, we'll have two poster sessions Where you will set your posters half on Tuesday and half on I know alphabetically or whatever on Wednesday And you will have a chance to discuss with also all our lectures experts We'll go through your posters together and asking you questions I think we please try to make your presentation as quick as possible like three minutes And leave like two three five minutes for the for the questions and other answers. Okay According to this poster as a result of this poster presentation, we will select three winners I believe who will be awarded some small award from ctp I believe and Please concentrate on this but again, it's not an examination Please have fun doing this is a main topic when you do your job when you walk in this field of these simulations tools It's important to like this and to to have a fun not to be like like I know walking from eight to five Five days per week waiting for Friday Just try to to make fun and all even on holidays like consider it half holidays half enjoyable and Good chance to to learn something you Which is really interesting and fun Okay, let me now start with quick introduction of our lecturers and first is professor carlo frairina and carlo Was received his PhD from polytechnic Udimilano. He also speaks italian I believe so feels very comfortable in this environment And his expertise is in the field of modeling and simulation scientific computer software development and technology of advanced reactor systems carlo will be presenting several lectures and exercises on open form, which is a cfd2 And Open form is general name. We have variation several variations and derivatives of family of the open This open form in application to the nuclear power systems like gen form and so on carlo was also leading one of the leading expert in the Collaborated center between the eye and epfl in switzerland since January 2023 His works as associate professor at the department of nuclear engineering at texas a and m university and after oh actually The the importance in carlo is also the chair of the expert group of the eye on korea initiative, which is open source Codes for the nuclear reactors on korea is it? And I'd like to thank you for that and he's really enthusiastic of the open source software And really helping the eye in in promoting this activity. Thank you carlo When carlo moved decided to move to the u.s also His colleague from epfl a call a polytechnic a federale de lasagne Dr. Alessandro Scolara Alessandro Okay, he also he actually replaced it carlo in the position of this collaborative center I know who is the main expert I would say and focal point and main working force also for this Actually be submitted extension already and it will be okay. This is we will talk later and The main role of epfl as Alessandro described is to manage computational activities of the laboratory for nuclear reactor physics and system behavior So alessandro received his master of science in nuclear engineering in 2016 and then got his PhD in 2021 from epfl And He was also working in nougat switzerland in the field of nuclear power with characterizations And alessandro is also expert in open FM Open form sorry family And will give several lectures and practical exercises this week Dr. Stefan came from germany from juliech university juliech research center actually in germany He has he's PhD in mechanical and nuclear engineering from research working technical Aachen in 2010 And he founded after that a research group and became principal investigator and head of the thermal effluent dynamics and system analysis group At for some center on juliech research center juliech in germany He is interest scientific interests and research interests are on cfd for reactor safety severe accident phenomena and passive safety systems and stephan is also teaching is a Aachen RWTH is which i don't know exactly sorry aachen university And another aachen university. Oh my god. He is a member of the encore expert group and Participate in several activities of ocd nuclear energy agency and also Participate in several european projects on the accident scenario community and related Activities in research and development again. He is expert in cfd and open form family codes And dr. Stefano Lorenzi He's from milana He is teaching courses experimental nuclear reactor kinetics and integration of nuclear energy for carbon neutral scenarios And he participates in different european research projects on let cool fast reactors such as leader and pascal projects on molten salt reactors And and also several projects related to the small modular reactors and development He is an officer and more than 70 international papers means papers published in the international journals and 685 citations In high 15 in scopus that database Stefano Just show you and he i would like to add that he organized it Last year it was last year The great technical meeting was hosted technical meeting in milano related the open source Software and computer codes in application for the nuclear energy. Thank you for that Stefano again expert in open form now we come to the Neutronics people and Most of them is dr. Jevon Choyer She is a senior researcher and advanced reactor technology development division of kairi koreatomic energy research institute And she is working on core analysis and core development for the sodium cooled fast reactors She received your final education PhD in 2021 just two years ago and She's expert in Monte Carlo codes and she is mastering to To run the open mc and also serpent. I believe she participates in the isrb on cfr And she was also intern three years ago in the is spent one year one year In Vienna as an intern and now she got very nice promotion and she will Show you how to use open mc To the practical application to the china experimental fast reactors Dr. Patrick. Why is that? Also the great expert and developer of the open mc open mc He's scientist in argon national laboratory and adjunct professor and university Oops Uw many talking and he's actually the great expert in Monte Carlo simulations You will see and From my personal experience. He also is a great teacher Like he explains very simply and effectively how to use This very simple example how to use open mc even I didn't understand last time started understanding how to use it and He got his PhD at the university of Wisconsin medicine Which now he's adjunct professor there And Okay, he again is a member of not only american nuclear society But for me it's mostly important. He's a member of the eye on korea expert group also Thank you for joining us patik and we have also open mcs Using not only for fusion nuclear reactors to let's say traditional But also for the future fusion reactors of calculations And for this open mc for fusion We will have a lecture online lecture from dr. James Hargoy's Who is a neutronic scientist in the united kingdom atomic energy authority? And he's special specialist Focuses in radiation transport and performs neutronic analysis of tokamak concepts Like for the step and for demo designs And his primary focus is on crit on critical Tritium bradyum rations tbr radiation shielding and nuclear heating calculations for the early design phase of fusion reactor Okay, and then he used several Monte Carlo codes and other codes to To simulate calculate neutronics and expert in the open mc and will give I believe on friday In the agenda lectures Dr. Andrew davis from the key also will join us online together with James They will again explain the how to use open mc for fusion award features for this he was graduated from university of Excuse me burning game in nuclear physics in 2009 And he walks and united united kingdom atomic energy agency staff in neutronics and nuclear data group And actually he was also leading these all studies on Monte Carlo calculations for the fusion reactors Again another online participant will be dr. Nick toron who has who is the main developer initiator of the army software By the way, not why but I this is different army. Not what you think It's a mistake type of here The army is integrated in uh, I mean, sorry advanced reactor modeling interface Which integrates like interface how to store data and how to simulate reactors with These interfaces to the different simulation codes And he walks at terra power on design of the sodium bull fast reactor core and software since 2009 Now he is a manager of digital engineering and great expert. Unfortunately, he he's will not participate In person, but he will give an online lecture on army and show Again show how to easy and how to use army could give you a good start to do it He got his PhD from university of michigan in nuclear engineering again And also he runs very interested public education platform. What is nuclear.com? Which I invite you to participate And okay, my name is Vladimir Gryvensov And together with dr. Nicoleta Marilova. We are organizing this uh Educational workshop. Nicoleta walks since 2021 as a nuclear engineer in faster reactor technology development team He completed his PhD good. He obtained his PhD from constructions of technology In natural sciences in 2020 then she walked as a postdoc there and since 2021 She's working in our faster reactor technology development team Okay, I was I am working in the IE since 2016 before I was working in Institute of physics and power engineering in obninsk when I graduated I obtained my PhD in Obninsk institute of nuclear engineering in 1994 Then I also decided for whatever reasons to get a doctor engineering course from tokens of technology in 1999 then I was working as several organizations including Japan nuclear cycle institute, which is Japan atomic Energy agency now And also before in tokens of technology again and and be in obninsk and also car story into technology in Germany And since 2016 I have a pleasure to lead this team on faster reactor technology and sometimes to organize several activities Okay, I think that is all what I wanted to say maybe too long But you have good introduction and I believe you I think ICTP always have a perfect organization. They put videos Slides everything immediately almost after After this completion so you you can look at this mine and all other presentation Out about the website and there are some information if you're interested, please let us know and Welcome to Trieste And I am sure I am confident we will have great week with and you will go back home to your countries with Much improved knowledge on the open source software for nuclear reactors. Thank you