 So obviously there are a lot of different social media platforms out there, but Facebook is kind of the important one It's the one that is used the most It's also interesting because unlike other social media platforms where people make friends online based on their interests And then perhaps meet those friends later in in real life in Facebook You're actually making your friends offline and then making them a Facebook friend So Facebook more than any other social network tends to mirror sort of a real-world network But it's just very expanded and involves a lot more people. So we're using the NZ AVS Just asking people about whether or not they have a Facebook profile How many hours they spend on their per week and how important Facebook is to them in our sample in the NZ AVS 60% of New Zealanders have a Facebook profile And quite interestingly Facebook says they have one billion users which is one seventh one seventh of the entire world population So we really want to know how this sort of new form of communication is sort of affecting New Zealanders the way we socialize and well-being. So extroversion is a personality trait It's a measure of how much you like socializing with other people So extroverts sort of enjoy large parties and they tend to have a really wide circle of friends Whereas introverts have a smaller maybe more intimate circle of friends and prefer to spend a little bit of their time alone In terms of social belonging We're quite interested in that because there's sort of a bit of a debate going on at the moment about is our Belonging our sort of the sum of our meaningful ties to each other and our connections to sort of our community Is that increasing or decreasing based on social media? So are we getting more connected to people or are we sort of focusing on our phones and on our screens and not actually Really connecting to anybody. So we found different effects for different Types of people who use Facebook Which is what we would expect because Facebook is basically just a tool and it really depends on what kind of effort you put into it So for extroverts, whether or not you had a Facebook profile There was no difference between How much belonging you experience so an extrovert someone who is extremely outgoing and sociable and basically whether or not you use Facebook It doesn't make a difference to how much you feel like you belong in your circle of friends with your family And also just more generally and however for introverts. It was a little bit different So introverts who use Facebook actually have lower belonging than introverts who don't use Facebook Suggesting that the use of Facebook could possibly be affecting them and actually making them feel like they belong less So we found this effect in sort of the entire insidious sample. So men women young people old people and Facebook use is quite common across all age groups across men and women So women and younger people do use it slightly more But still the use of Facebook is quite high just across the population The general message that is coming through is that Facebook is not all that great for well-being And so our research sort of adds to that But in particular showing that it does differ depending on how you use it. So different for extroverts or introverts So the effects are different depending on your personality And so with this sort of debate about you know is social capital decreasing We want to look at the new ways that people are using to connect to each other, which is social media and Facebook I want to see whether it's equally beneficial or detrimental for everybody And so our findings show that it does actually differ depending on your personality So extroverts with the sort of new method of connection they're doing fine Whereas introverts it could actually be increasing the gap in social capital between some members of society and others We're not going to get people to Delete their Facebook profile, I think but I think it would be good for people to be thinking about who they're interacting with on Facebook And whether or not it's sort of really working for them. So if you think of Facebook as a social tool A cell phone is also a social tool, but you don't give out your number to every single person And so when you're on Facebook everyone you're friends with you're getting a lot of content into your life Which could be you know causing social comparison processes and making you feel like your life Isn't quite as good as other people's when you're seeing you know their vacation photos and getting married and all those sorts of things Well, we'd like to follow up the research over time So see how having a Facebook profile and the number of hours you spend on there is sort of changing Social belonging and well-being across time and we're also interested. We've added a measure recently into cyberbullying So rather than looking at just positive effects of you know Facebook social media What happens when people actually deliberately negative to each other online and not just in young people But in adults as well it turns out cyberbullying rates can be quite high even in adulthood So that's something that needs to be looked at