 The study found that the risk of all-cause mortality was relatively low in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the exception of Filipino citizens who had the highest risk. The risk of COVID-19 mortality was also relatively low, but was highest among Nepalese citizens, likely due to their high exposure to the virus during the initial outbreak. Additionally, the risk of all-cause non-COVID-19 mortality was significantly lower among craft and manual workers compared to other nationalities, suggesting that this population may have been protected by the healthy worker effect. This article was authored by Hyam Kimaitali, Lake Jay Arboretid, Roberto Bertolini, and others.