 Yeah, my name is Thomas Kohlwisch. I'm vice president of Kotima Coding Machinery. Kotima Coding Machinery is working in deep tech, so we build equipment for printing, coding and laminating. So these machines we see on the background here, is that your machines? Yeah, we work in different areas, so most of our pilot lines are being used for lab-to-fab development. We're working specifically with startups with technology clusters like here, the LTFN in Tessanoliki, on products like organic photovoltaics, on nanoprinted surfaces, but we're also working on new technologies like green hydrogen and battery technologies. So what are these machines we see behind you, the clicking code? Yeah, the clicking code is a patented Kotima system. This clicking code system can be adjusted in size. We can add additional features at a later stage of the operation. So the customer can start with a standard configuration and then we can add additional features at a later stage. So that's our most versatile flexible patented lab system we offer to our customers. And the roll-to-roll nano-imprint? Yeah, the roll-to-roll nano-imprint is the system to do roll-to-roll nano-structured surfaces, for example for optical light guides, for surface modification. And this system is used by the display industry, by label industry for specific features. And here we have dedicated systems. We're also now installed at the LTFN in Tessanoliki. Nice. So you enable all kinds of future technologies that are going to be exciting like flexible solar, flexible outlets. Yeah, exactly. And this we do already, if you speak about flexible solar, this we would do already since 2003, working on first OPV devices. We did the first printing unit for OLEDs in 2008 at a university in Finland. So we are always very early at the technology stages people are working on. So what's the way to get this to mass production so the whole world gets impacted by this technology? The way to mass production is our approach not only to build equipment. We have Europe's biggest R&D center with 12 pilot lines. We're doing a lot of pre-engineering for our customers. We have a whole service range for R&D development. So the combination of equipment, R&D services and also our global network is the key. Nice. What kind of discussions do you have here at the Nanotech Synology Conference? We have discussions here since 2008 already on new technologies specifically on the topic of OPV, specifically on the topic of green hydrogen, fuel cells and batteries. And we're focusing here also on networking with our RTO partners, finding new project proposals for Horizon Europe. That's a big effort here in these next days. Do people have new ideas what they want to do with your technology all the time? Yeah, I think that's the key of the company. We are always walking around, we are speaking to people, specifically here from the R&D institutes to find new ideas where you can use rotor roll printing, coating and laminating technologies. What do you think about, let's say, I want to have solar on my roof. Is it going to happen? Can I just get this kind of solar soon? It's happening. We work together very closely here with the university, with Staggers, with Theters. We work with OET, which is using our equipment here at LTFN. And we are already shipping solar cells to customers globally, specifically on the OPV topic. And here OET has new technologies in the surface modifications of these solar cells. So they are not only on the roof, they are also in agriculture being used in a lot of different applications. Is it crucial to have efficiency that's at the level that makes sense per dollar for people to just say I want billion units, you know? I think the more important thing is efficiency over the whole day, where OPV has advantages against silicon technologies. The other advantage is it's lightweight. You can design every form you need. And it's a printed material, so you also can do printed structures which fit into architectural designs, for example. Because you want to have something that costs a few thousand dollars, you cover the whole house, and then you're good for ten years, and then you just switch them again when efficiency is being a whole bunch more. Yeah, for sure. That's one approach. The approaches also have smaller lightweight devices for energy harvesting, for example powering the Internet of Things, powering standard devices. So you're not using electricity, you're directly using solar energy to power your devices in your house, or in your car, in other places. What's the other big use cases you see? Solar, OLED? The biggest use case at the moment in Europe is green hydrogen. With all the surroundings, political surroundings we have, there was already a big initiative on green hydrogen from the European Commission. And now with the topic of getting faster out of fossil fuels, especially gas supply from Russia, which is not taking place anymore, green hydrogen will be the big hype topic here until 2030 or 2050 for sure. How do you enable the green hydrogen with your technology? We do catalyst coatings on the membrane for palm electrolyzers. So we are at the moment at the forefront on these production lines, road to road, which are being already installed at the moment in Europe, but also in North America. Can you talk a little bit more about these catalyst membranes and all this? Yeah, our company is working in fuel cells and electrolyzers since 20 years. We are able to cast the membranes so we can produce membranes which are being used for electrolyzer technologies and fuel cells. And of course on these membranes you have to bring the catalyst from both sides. And that's also a coating application and this we do since 20 years. And we are now going into, let's say, two meters of working with in the operation, faster speed, industrialization of processes, including quality control, using AI to get very good results. So you could, in theory, road to road print the solar panel, the audit lighting, the fuel cell hydrogen system, the whole thing can be printed? Yeah, that's basically the idea and that's the thing we are doing. And of course if you use solar energy, you have to store solar energy. And the best way to do it is to use electrolyzers to make hydrogen. So the whole green tech future is printed? It's printed or coated. That's basically the idea. And it's on flexible materials and it has to be scaled up, specifically in green hydrogen as soon as possible. Otherwise we are not reaching the net zero targets that the European Commission wants to have in 2050. How is the efficiency for something that you do compared to something that's mass manufactured in China that's like molded kind of things and stuff? In electrolyzer technologies, we still have a big advantage against the Chinese producers because we are already at a wider working with, higher speed, higher quality. If you look into solar applications, it's compatible because I think a lot of production technologies will come back from China to Europe. So we are speaking about a local European production to be independent from any supply problems or other problems here in Europe. Yeah, independence is a good thing to have sometimes. It's unpredictable political environment in the world. So you want to have stuff happen in Europe? Yeah. And this is the place to be right now in Europe, the nanotechnology conference as the most exciting thing right now. Yeah, because you have here the university, you have solar, you have wind energy and you have already activities from the LTFN and OED on electrolyzers and fuel cell technologies. In Denmark they're talking about doing huge islands for wind power and they want to also put them in the hydrogen and ship it over and stuff like that. And I just spoke with these guys over there in Saudi Arabia, they also want to do solar and hydrogen and ship it. Yeah, if you see a hydrogen, every country who is using electrolyzer technologies is using renewables to make green hydrogen will be totally independent from fossil fuel. So there will be also independent from other areas where fossil fuels is being produced. On the other hand, countries like Australia, like Saudi Arabia, like Denmark either have a lot of solar energy or wind power and then can produce hydrogen and export it to countries which don't have so much solar power, for example. That's also a big opportunity in Africa. If you see the connection between Africa and the European Union already being discussed, there will be big solar farms in Morocco, in Tunisia and then shipping the hydrogen to Europe. So it will be complete new value chains globally in this type of operation. So everybody is talking about it. Is Germany and the EU, are they all putting the money forward actually requiring this to be done? Yeah, there's the Green Deal from the European Commission. There's additional funding for hydrogen production and also developing hydrogen technologies in Europe. There is an estimated 3 trillion market globally on green hydrogen to replace grey hydrogen, to replace fossil fuels to 2050. And there are already 39 different programs globally on hydrogen economy from countries like Japan, United States, Europe. So it's an accelerating growth of the technology. Nice. Is there something you forgot to mention? No, I think we covered the hot topics. Are you going to have presentations here? Yeah, I will have a presentation on Thursday on the production technologies for fuel cells and green hydrogen. And my colleague will speak about sustainable packaging, also in a talk on Thursday. Cool. Thanks a lot. Okay, thank you. Thanks.