 Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in dentistry and more. Today we have a small topic in orthodontics that is nitinol. Nitinol as we all know it is a alloy which contains nickel and titanium. So it was invented by William R. William R. Bessler at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory. So this nitinol we have nickel, we have titanium and we have naval ordnance. So this William Bessler was a metallurgist doing research and he found a special alloy which has a unique shape memory that is what making this nitinol very special shape memory. Then it was introduced to orthodontics by Anderson in 1971. So it has got properties such as high spring back, high working range and low stiffness. So these arch wires on activation produces lower and more constant force on the teeth. But the problem with nitinol is it is resistant to take a bend or loops or helix. So these things bend helix which is very essential to orthodontic wire helix loops. These all can't be created on this nitinol. So moreover that it cannot be soldered, it cannot be welded. So all these makes it not vary a good wire in orthodontics. But still it has got some good properties. So it basically exists in two phases that is austenitic form at high temperature. We have learned austenitic form in case of stainless steel austenitic temperature at a high temperature it existing in austenitic form that is the BCC structure. And at lower temperature this nitinol transforms to martensitic. So martensitic form exhibits a monoclinic or triclinic or hexagonal structure. This martensitic form is capable of being bent into various shape martensitic form. Whereas austenitic is completely different one. So it has got two good properties that is shape memory and super elasticity. And other than the orthodontics it is very commonly used in endo files. So root canal files it can be used because the breakage happens during the BMP preparation or canal shaping. So this is super elastic material where the breakage can be significantly reduced. So still it has got many advantages as an endo file. So anyway nitinol is a alloy which is used in orthodontics and endodontics which has got properties as shape memory and super elasticity. So I hope you understood a little bit about nitinol that's all for now. So I'll come up with a new topic in orthodontics. Thank you. And lastly guys we have started channel membership in dentistry and mode channel. So you can explore various exclusives for the channel members. So you can explore various options by clicking on the join button adjacent to subscribe button. So we have options of personal whatsapp help. So you can ask any doubts you will get answered through whatsapp text messages or voice messages. And we have one more option that is the pdf notes will be available. But as of now we have only the public health dentistry topic. The more topics will be uploaded soon. And the last option is one-to-one interaction session. You will get the personal interaction or personal classes on various subjects from the faculties of respective branches. So explore the join button and let us know if you want any further help from us. Thank you.